CHAPTER I
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY 1.1.1 ATTRITION:
1.1.1 ATTRITION:
In a human resources context, turnover or labor turnover is the rate at which an employer In a human resources context, turnover or labor turnover is the rate at which an employer gains and losses employees. Simple ways to describe it are "how long employees tend to stay" or "the gains and losses employees. Simple ways to describe it are "how long employees tend to stay" or "the rate of traffic through the revolving door." Turnover is measured for individual companies and for rate of traffic through the revolving door." Turnover is measured for individual companies and for their industry as a whole. If an employer is said to have a
their industry as a whole. If an employer is said to have a high turnover relatihigh turnover relative to its ve to its competicompetitors, ittors, it means that employees of that company have a shorter average tenure than those of other companies means that employees of that company have a shorter average tenure than those of other companies in the same industry. High turnover can be harmful to a company's productivity if skilled workers are in the same industry. High turnover can be harmful to a company's productivity if skilled workers are often leaving and the worker population contains a high percentage of novice workers.
often leaving and the worker population contains a high percentage of novice workers.
1.1.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR CHOOSING THIS
1.1.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR CHOOSING THIS TOPIC:TOPIC: Attrition in Big Bazaar:
Attrition in Big Bazaar:
This topic proves to be of major concern not only to Big Bazaar but for future group, as a whole. The This topic proves to be of major concern not only to Big Bazaar but for future group, as a whole. The attriti
attrition rate has been on on rate has been on the rise for the past 5 the rise for the past 5 years in the retail industry and as well in Big Bazaar.years in the retail industry and as well in Big Bazaar. In the year 2007, a study on attrition was conducted in Big Bazaar. This report documented an In the year 2007, a study on attrition was conducted in Big Bazaar. This report documented an average attriti
average attrition rate on rate of 5% per of 5% per month. In most cases the month. In most cases the employemployees who ees who left were absconders- wholeft were absconders- who did not attend the exit interview and follow proper exit policy. Following which the management had did not attend the exit interview and follow proper exit policy. Following which the management had taken action by implementing employee engagement activities. Now, our research would help in taken action by implementing employee engagement activities. Now, our research would help in comparing it with the current year’s attrition rate and thereby reduce it by analyzing the reasons comparing it with the current year’s attrition rate and thereby reduce it by analyzing the reasons cont
Bangalore and their respective HR managers), we have formulated the questionnaire based on these Bangalore and their respective HR managers), we have formulated the questionnaire based on these broad areas.
broad areas.
1.2
1.2 INDUSTRY PROFILEINDUSTRY PROFILE
India retail industry is the largest industry in India, with an employment of around 8% and India retail industry is the largest industry in India, with an employment of around 8% and contributing to over 10% of the country's GDP. Retail industry in India is expected to rise 25% yearly contributing to over 10% of the country's GDP. Retail industry in India is expected to rise 25% yearly being driven by strong income growth, changing patterns.
being driven by strong income growth, changing patterns.
It is expected that by 2016 modern retail industry in India will be worth US$ 175- 200 billion. It is expected that by 2016 modern retail industry in India will be worth US$ 175- 200 billion. India retail industry is one of the
India retail industry is one of the fastest growing industfastest growing industries with revenue expected in 2007 to ries with revenue expected in 2007 to amountamount US$ 320 billion and is increasing at a rate of 5% yearly. A further increase of 7-8% is expected in the US$ 320 billion and is increasing at a rate of 5% yearly. A further increase of 7-8% is expected in the industry of retail in India by growth in consumerism in urban areas, rising incomes, and a steep rise industry of retail in India by growth in consumerism in urban areas, rising incomes, and a steep rise in rural consumption. It has further been predicted that the retailing industry in India will amount to in rural consumption. It has further been predicted that the retailing industry in India will amount to US$ 21.5 billion by 2010 from the current size of US$ 7.5 billion.
US$ 21.5 billion by 2010 from the current size of US$ 7.5 billion.
India retail industry is expanding itself most aggressively
India retail industry is expanding itself most aggressively; as ; as a result a a result a great demand for realgreat demand for real estate is being created. Indian retailers preferred means of expansion is to expand to other regions and estate is being created. Indian retailers preferred means of expansion is to expand to other regions and to increase the number of their outlets in a city. It is expected that by 2010, India may have 600 new to increase the number of their outlets in a city. It is expected that by 2010, India may have 600 new shopping centres. India retail industry is progressing well and for
shopping centres. India retail industry is progressing well and for this to this to continue retailcontinue retailers as ers as well aswell as the Indian government will have to make a combined effort.
the Indian government will have to make a combined effort.
The Indian retail market, which is the
The Indian retail market, which is the fifth largest retail destination globallfifth largest retail destination globally, has been y, has been rankedranked as the most attractive emerging market for investment in the retail sector by AT Kearney's eighth as the most attractive emerging market for investment in the retail sector by AT Kearney's eighth annual Global Retail Development Index (GRDI), in 2009. The share of retail trade in the country's annual Global Retail Development Index (GRDI), in 2009. The share of retail trade in the country's gross domestic product (GDP) was between 8–10 per cent in 2007. It is currently around 12 per cent, gross domestic product (GDP) was between 8–10 per cent in 2007. It is currently around 12 per cent, and is likely to reach 22 per cent by 2010.
and is likely to reach 22 per cent by 2010.
A McKinsey report 'The rise of Indian Consumer Market', estimates that the Indian consumer A McKinsey report 'The rise of Indian Consumer Market', estimates that the Indian consumer market is likely to grow four times by 2025. Commercial real estate services company, CB Richard market is likely to grow four times by 2025. Commercial real estate services company, CB Richard Ellis' findings state that India's retail market is currently valued at US$ 511 billion. Further, CB Ellis' findings state that India's retail market is currently valued at US$ 511 billion. Further, CB
Bangalore and their respective HR managers), we have formulated the questionnaire based on these Bangalore and their respective HR managers), we have formulated the questionnaire based on these broad areas.
broad areas.
1.2
1.2 INDUSTRY PROFILEINDUSTRY PROFILE
India retail industry is the largest industry in India, with an employment of around 8% and India retail industry is the largest industry in India, with an employment of around 8% and contributing to over 10% of the country's GDP. Retail industry in India is expected to rise 25% yearly contributing to over 10% of the country's GDP. Retail industry in India is expected to rise 25% yearly being driven by strong income growth, changing patterns.
being driven by strong income growth, changing patterns.
It is expected that by 2016 modern retail industry in India will be worth US$ 175- 200 billion. It is expected that by 2016 modern retail industry in India will be worth US$ 175- 200 billion. India retail industry is one of the
India retail industry is one of the fastest growing industfastest growing industries with revenue expected in 2007 to ries with revenue expected in 2007 to amountamount US$ 320 billion and is increasing at a rate of 5% yearly. A further increase of 7-8% is expected in the US$ 320 billion and is increasing at a rate of 5% yearly. A further increase of 7-8% is expected in the industry of retail in India by growth in consumerism in urban areas, rising incomes, and a steep rise industry of retail in India by growth in consumerism in urban areas, rising incomes, and a steep rise in rural consumption. It has further been predicted that the retailing industry in India will amount to in rural consumption. It has further been predicted that the retailing industry in India will amount to US$ 21.5 billion by 2010 from the current size of US$ 7.5 billion.
US$ 21.5 billion by 2010 from the current size of US$ 7.5 billion.
India retail industry is expanding itself most aggressively
India retail industry is expanding itself most aggressively; as ; as a result a a result a great demand for realgreat demand for real estate is being created. Indian retailers preferred means of expansion is to expand to other regions and estate is being created. Indian retailers preferred means of expansion is to expand to other regions and to increase the number of their outlets in a city. It is expected that by 2010, India may have 600 new to increase the number of their outlets in a city. It is expected that by 2010, India may have 600 new shopping centres. India retail industry is progressing well and for
shopping centres. India retail industry is progressing well and for this to this to continue retailcontinue retailers as ers as well aswell as the Indian government will have to make a combined effort.
the Indian government will have to make a combined effort.
The Indian retail market, which is the
The Indian retail market, which is the fifth largest retail destination globallfifth largest retail destination globally, has been y, has been rankedranked as the most attractive emerging market for investment in the retail sector by AT Kearney's eighth as the most attractive emerging market for investment in the retail sector by AT Kearney's eighth annual Global Retail Development Index (GRDI), in 2009. The share of retail trade in the country's annual Global Retail Development Index (GRDI), in 2009. The share of retail trade in the country's gross domestic product (GDP) was between 8–10 per cent in 2007. It is currently around 12 per cent, gross domestic product (GDP) was between 8–10 per cent in 2007. It is currently around 12 per cent, and is likely to reach 22 per cent by 2010.
and is likely to reach 22 per cent by 2010.
A McKinsey report 'The rise of Indian Consumer Market', estimates that the Indian consumer A McKinsey report 'The rise of Indian Consumer Market', estimates that the Indian consumer market is likely to grow four times by 2025. Commercial real estate services company, CB Richard market is likely to grow four times by 2025. Commercial real estate services company, CB Richard Ellis' findings state that India's retail market is currently valued at US$ 511 billion. Further, CB Ellis' findings state that India's retail market is currently valued at US$ 511 billion. Further, CB
Richard Elli
Richard Ellis states that India has s states that India has moved up to the moved up to the 39th most preferred retai39th most preferred retail destination in the worldl destination in the world in 2009, up from 44 last year.
in 2009, up from 44 last year.
India continues to be among the most attractive countries for global retailers. At US$ 511 India continues to be among the most attractive countries for global retailers. At US$ 511 billion in 2008, its retail market is larger than ever and drawing both global and local retailers. billion in 2008, its retail market is larger than ever and drawing both global and local retailers. Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows as on July 2009, in single-brand retail trading, stood at Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows as on July 2009, in single-brand retail trading, stood at ap
approprox. x. USUS$ $ 46.46.60 60 mimillllioion, n, acaccorcordinding g to to the the DeDepapartmrtment ent of of InIndusdustrtrial ial PolPolicicy y and and PrPromomototionion (DIPP).The organised retail sector, which currently accounts for around 5 per cent of the Indian retail (DIPP).The organised retail sector, which currently accounts for around 5 per cent of the Indian retail market, is all set to witness maximum number of large format malls and branded retail stores in market, is all set to witness maximum number of large format malls and branded retail stores in South India, followed by North, West and the East in the next two years.
South India, followed by North, West and the East in the next two years.
Fig1.1 Market Share of Retailer Fig1.1 Market Share of Retailer
1.3 COMPANY PROFILE:
Future Group believes in developing strong insights on Indian consumers and building businesses based on Indian ideas, as espoused in the group’s core value of ‘Indianans.’ The group’s
corporate credo is, ‘Rewrite rules, Retain values.’
Vision:
Future group shall deliver everything, everywhere, every time for every Indian consumer in the most profitable manner.
Mission:
We share the vision and belief that our customers and stakeholders shall be served only by creating and executing future scenarios in the consumption space leading to economic development.
We will be trendsetters in evolving delivery formats, creating retail realty, making consumption affordable for all customer segments for classes and for masses.
1.3.1 ABOUT BIG BAZAAR:
Big Bazaar is Indian personification of retail. It’s like an Indianbazaar or mandi or mela, the environment created by traders to give shoppers a sense of moment. Its personality is of being an entity away from fancy or pretty and being authentically "no-frills". Kishore Biyani never hired any foreign consultant for Big Bazaar which is evident from Indian-specific personality of the brand. The brand’s personality is self-explanatory by its tag-line only. This statement places Big Bazaar at the top of customer’s mind. It reflects that entrepreneurship and simplicity are the essence of character of Big Bazaar. To use predatory pricing is not in the personality of Big Bazaar, they never sell goods below the price they have purchased it. Big Bazaar, the "Indian Wal-Mart", is the modern Indian family's favorite store. Big Bazaar symbolizes modern retail, the business which isn’t looked up to in
our country, is now in the eyes of many multi-national biggies. Big Bazaar has shown a robust growth in recent years. There are six department s in Big Bazaar dealing with the following products in the respective departments.
1. Food Bazaar:
As this department is the soul of the store, Big Bazaar has several categories within this department itself. This department has a surface area of 7500 square feet. This department is further divided into:
• Non-food
• Staples
• Food
• Fruits and vegetables
2. General Merchandize:
This department is further divided into Home and Fashions. The Home section has two major sections Plastics and Crockery(PC) amount to one section and Utensils(U) and New Business Development(NBD) form the other major part. The New Business Development section have items that are more affluent in nature and are part of Kishore Biyani’s “India One” customer segment. This section sells luxury products like watches, sunglasses, auto accessories etcetera. The ‘Fashions’(F) sections sell luggage, footwear, handbags, Toys and sports
3. Apparels:
• Men’s wear- Casual and Formal wear
• Kids wear-infants,boys,girls
• Ladies wear-Ethnic wear (Sarees, Kurthas, Dress materials)and Western wear
4. Home Solutions:
This department is not headed by the Department Manager, as the capacity of this department is much smaller in comparison with the others and can be handled by the Team leader. This department comprises of – electronics and furniture.
5. Wellness department:
This department comprises of cosmetics and a pharmacy-Fit and Healthy
6. Additional Business:
a. Star & Sitara
b. Food Court
c. F123
1.2.1 a) Manpower Management:
As the people are the heart of the organization, it is of paramount importance that manpower is adequate at all times. Therefore calculation of manpower required is most important. Manpower required to man the entire operation of the store is dependant on the square feet of the store available.
(Bangalore, Big Bazaar) has an area of 7500 square feet.
Ratio of manpower to floor area: 1/500 square feet
Manpower requirement= Total area (square feet)/ Area covered by one employee (square feet)
Therefore, for 7500 square feet you require = 7500/500
= 15 personnel required to man
Food Bazaar
In the case of Food Bazaar, by means of this calculation the HR department has employed 16 personnel to man its floor space. Due to problems with absenteeism, the HR department has foreseen this and has a policy of maintaining a buffer of 15% .Therefore they ideally should have a manpower capacity of about 80 to 85% per day. But, they have been able to manage with 70 to 80% attendance. The employees are allowed to have their days off only during the weekdays.
1.3.2 b) Employee engagement
Big bazaar conducts Mr. and Miss Perfect – a program that identifies the best employees in the local store on the following criteria such as – on-time arrival, discipline, grooming, customer satisfaction and the like. They also identify The Best Support team.
Big Bazaar has a Fun Zone team, comprising of four employees- that coordinate events such as promotional events as well as employee fun events. The time that I had interned (Nov 2ndto Nov 27th,
Big Bazaar has also empowers their employees into giving their suggestions to improve the company. They have a tram called Prerna which takes care of the suggestions. This team comprises of two employees. The problems are put on paper in a suggestion box and are discussed on a Saturday, then filed and action taken. For eg: A problem with the parking facilities of the employees were taken care of by this means.
The budget for this endeavour comes under the welfare scheme and comes to an average of Rs. 60,000 per month.
1.3.3 ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE:
Power distance:
From my personal experience at Big Bazaar (Coimbatore) I have come to the conclusion that the employees are treated quite fairly. The sub-ordinates are free to meet their immediate reporting officers- which show that the employee-boss distance is quite non-existent. This was seen when an office problem involving three employees from a marketing department - a team member, Team Leader and the department head, had a mis-understanding they were able to solve it. The problem was brought to the notice of the HR manager, who then was able to resolve the conflict. The problem solved after due time when the matter at hand was sorted out and further clarifications on future dealings with similar concerns were given by the department head and the HR manager.
Big bazaar conducts Mr. and Miss Perfect – a program that identifies the best employees in the local store on the following criteria such as – on-time arrival, discipline, grooming, customer satisfaction and the like. They also identify The Best Support team.
Big Bazaar has a Fun Zone team, comprising of four employees- that coordinate events such as promotional events as well as employee fun events. The time that I had interned (Nov 2ndto Nov 27th,
2009), there was a 2 day program exclusively for the entertainment of the employees.
Big Bazaar has also empowers their employees into giving their suggestions to improve the company. They have a tram called Prerna which takes care of the suggestions. This team comprises of two employees. The problems are put on paper in a suggestion box and are discussed on a Saturday, then filed and action taken. For eg: A problem with the parking facilities of the employees were taken care of by this means.
The budget for this endeavour comes under the welfare scheme and comes to an average of Rs. 60,000 per month.
The below mentioned employee engagement activities have been in existence for the past 1 year or more. With the exception of the weekly magazine – The Ladder ( which consists of information about the weekly fun events, those employees who have reached their targets, the “newbies” in Big bazaar, the birthdates of the employees for the week, success stories) which has been in existence
since January 2010.
In the case of Food Bazaar, by means of this calculation the HR department has employed 16 personnel to man its floor space. Due to problems with absenteeism, the HR department has foreseen this and has a policy of maintaining a buffer of 15% .Therefore they ideally should have a manpower
capacity of about 80 to 85% per day. But, they have been able to manage with 70 to 80% attendance. The employees are allowed to have their days off only during the weekdays.
Fig 1.3. Personnel Information-Support System (Legend:1) B-Band 2) A,B,C,D,E: sub-division 3) (number)= number of personnel
Fig 1.4. Flow of decision making – For all verticals ( Operations and Support)
In all companies that are hierarchical in nature, the decision making flows as per the channel illustrated above in Fig.4
CHAPTER II
OBJECTIVES, SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 2.1. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
The study is undertaken with the following objectives. 2.1.1. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
To find the attrition rate for the current year at BIG BAZAAR, Bangalore.
To ascertain the various reasons responsible for the attrition of staffs. 2.1.2 SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
To bring out the strategies to retain manpower in the store.
To attract more number of new employees and find ways to sustain them in the company. 2.2. SCOPE OF THE STUDY:
To find the attrition rate for the current year and find the main reason for attrition in Big Bazaar, Bangalore. To check the level of satisfaction and communication among Big Bazaar staff and provide suggestions for improving employee retention.
2.3. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:
The research had several limitations in the data collection phase since left employees were taken as the population for the study.
Since the questionnaire involved the collection of responses from the assistant department managers and leaders on the reasons of their subordinates exit, the reliability of this research was less as it proved to be a perspective of secondary data.
Some of the team leaders feared giving responses pertaining to career growth, as they felt that their information might reach their superiors. However on promising their confidentiality of their views and responses, open and candid opinions poured up.
Some of the respondents felt difficult in comprehending the questionnaire especially those related to ordinal scale, which involved ranking factors as per the importance. Thereby, it had to be reworked upon which time was consuming.
As the figures and data of attrition, given by the company involved staff transfers within the internal departments, the list had to be re-checked and worked with the store HR.
Since the HR manger of one of the branches had just five months experience, he had difficulty in collecting the past records viz. as the headcount of various departments in different months.
CHAPTER-3
3.1. NEED FOR THE STUDY:
One of the major problems of the retail industry as well as for this company is the growing attrition. This research project has arisen as a consequence of growing concern within the company regarding manpower retention and turnover. This research was mainly focused on the three major centers of Bangalore were attrition was of a greater concern with respect to the employee management process. The topic is not new in the retail area as well as in the other industries today. However, there is a real need to conduct this research in the organization because attrition among the floor staffs is acute in the plant. Our research focuses on identifying the various factors contributing to attrition so that attention can be given them. Since the industry requires the need of staffs viz. salesmen, cashiers, marketers, maintenance personnel, etc. and since the organization is undergoing expansion, the need for stabilizing the manpower is quite high and consequently the need for a research in this area is even higher.
3.2. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE TOPIC Costs
When accounting for the costs (both real costs, such as time taken to select and recruit a replacement, and also opportunity costs, such as lost productivity), the cost of employee turnover to for-profit organizations has been estimated to be up to 150% of the employees' remuneration package. There are both direct and indirect costs. Direct costs relate to the leaving costs, replacement costs and transitions costs, and indirect costs relate to the loss of production, reduced performance levels, unnecessary overtime and low morale.
Internal vs. external turnover
Like recruitment, turnover can be classified as 'internal' or 'external'.[3] Internal turnover involves employees leaving their current positions and taking new positions within the same organization. Both positive (such as increased morale from the change of task and supervisor) and negative (such as project/relational disruption, or the Peter Principle) effects of internal turnover exist, and therefore, it may be equally important to monitor this form of turnover as it is to monitor its external counterpart. Internal turnover might be moderated and controlled by typical HR mechanisms, such as an internal recruitment policy or formal succession planning.
Skilled vs. unskilled employees
Unskilled positions often have high turnover, and employees can generally be replaced without the organization or business incurring any loss of performance. The ease of replacing these employees provides little incentive to employers to offer generous employment contracts; conversely, contracts
may strongly favour the employer and lead to increased turnover as employees seek, and eventually find, more favorable employment.
However, high turnover rates of skilled professionals can pose as a risk to the business or organization, due to the human capital (such as skills, training, and knowledge) lost. Notably, given the natural specialization of skilled professionals, these employees are likely to be re-employed within the same industry by a competitor.[citation needed] Therefore, turnover of these individuals incurs both replacement costs to the organization, as well as resulting in a competitive disadvantage to the business.
Voluntary vs. involuntary turnover
Practitioners can differentiate between instances of voluntary turnover, initiated at the choice of the employee, and those involuntary instances where the employee has no choice in their termination (such as long term sickness, death, moving overseas, or employer-initiated termination).
Typically, the characteristics of employees who engage in involuntary turnover are no different from job stayers. However, voluntary turnover can be predicted (and in turn, controlled) by the construct
of turnover intent.
Causes of high or low turnover
High turnover often means that employees are unhappy with the work or compensation, but it can also indicate unsafe or unhealthy conditions, or that too few employees give satisfactory performance (due to unrealistic expectations or poor candidate screening). The lack of career opportunities and challenges, dissatisfaction with the job-scope or conflict with the management has been cited as predictors of high turnover.
Low turnover indicates that none of the above is true: employees are satisfied, healthy and safe, and their performance is satisfactory to the employer. However, the predictors of low turnover may sometimes differ than those of high turnover. Aside from the fore-mentioned career opportunities, salary, corporate culture, management's recognition, and a comfortable workplace seem to impact employees' decision to stay with their employer.
3.3 REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
1) John Cordery (2006), Strategies for Improving Employee Retention.
Abstract: This report stated that the increasing difficulties in retaining skilled, effective workers amounted to a looming crisis within the industry, and called for the development of effective workforce retention strategies within the meat processing industry. It says selection should be based on job embeddedness as given below:
Figure 2.1 Selection based on job embeddedness.
Links: Links refer to the formal or informal connections people have, both on and off the job. The higher the number of links, the more likely an employee will feel attached to the organization and community to which they belong, and the less likely it is that they will consider leaving.
Fit: Fit is defined as a person’s perceived compatibility or comfort with an organization and with his work. The better the fit and the comfort with the community, the higher the likelihood that an employee will feel attached to his job.
Sacrifice: Sacrifice is defined as the perceived cost of material or psychological benefits that may be forfeited by leaving one’s job. The more sacrifice has to be made, the more difficult it is for an employee to break the current links.
2) Allen N.J. & Meyer J.P (1990), ‘The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment on the organization’.
Abstract: Allen & Meyer investigated the nature of the link between turnover and the three components of attitudinal commitment: affective commitment refers to employees’ emotional attachment to, identification with and involvement in the organization; continuance commitment refers to commitment base on costs that employees associate with leaving the organization; and normative commitment refers to employees’ feelings of obligation to remain with the organization. Put simply, employees with strong affective commitment stay with an organization because they want, those with strong continuance commitment stay because they need to, and those with strong normative commitment stay because they feel they ought to. Allen and Meyer’s study indicated that all three components of commitment were a negative indicator of turnover. In general, most research has found affective commitment to be the most decisive variable linked to turnover.
3) Tang T.L.P., Kim J. W. & Tang D.S.H (2000), ‘Does attitude toward money moderate the relationship between intrinsic job satisfaction and voluntary turnover?’
Abstract: The examined the relationship between attitudes towards money, intrinsic job satisfaction and voluntary turnover. One of the main findings of this study is that voluntary turnover is high
among employees who value money (high money ethic endorsement), regardless of their intrinsic job satisfaction. However, those who do not value money highly but who have also have low intrinsic job satisfaction tended to have the lowest actual turnover. Furthermore, employees with high intrinsic job satisfaction and who put a low value on money also had significantly higher turnover than this second group. The researchers also found that placing a high value of money predicted actual turnover but that withdrawal cognitions (i.e. thinking about leaving) did not.
4) Chang E (1999), ‘Career commitment as a complex moderator of organizational commitment and turnover intention’
Abstract: Chang examined the relationship between career commitment, organizational commitment and turnover intention among Korean researchers and found that the role of career commitment was stronger in predicting turnover intentions. When individuals are committed to the organisation they are less willing to leave the company. This was found to be stronger for those highly committed to their careers. The author also found that employees with low career and organisational commitment had the highest turnover intentions because they did not care either about the company or their current careers.
Individuals with high career commitment and low organisational commitment also tend to leave because they do not believe that the organisation can satisfy their career needs or goals. This is consistent with previous research that high career committers consider leaving the company if development opportunities are not provided by the organisation. However, this group is not apt to leave and is likely to contribute to the company if their organisational commitment is increased. Chang found that individuals become affectively committed to the organisation when they perceive
that the organisation is pursuing internal promotion opportunities, providing proper training and that supervisors do a good job in providing information and advice about careers.
5) Morrell K.M., Loan-Clarke J. & Wilkinson J (2004), ‘Organizational change and employee turnover’
Abstract: Lee & Mitchell’s ‘unfolding model’ of employee turnover represented a significant departure from the previous labour market- and psychological-oriented turnover literature. This model is based on the premise that people leave organisations in very different ways and it outlines four decision pathways describing different kinds of decisions to quit. A notable feature of the unfolding model is its emphasis on an event or ‘shock’ (positive or negative) that prompts some decisions to quit.
Morrell et al tested the unfolding model by studying the voluntary turnover of nurses in the UK. Their findings indicated that shocks play a role in many cases where people decide to leave. Furthermore, they found that shocks not only prompted initial thoughts about quitting but also typically had a substantial influence over the final leaving decision. They also noted that decisions to quit prompted by a shock are typically more avoidable. The authors suggest that their research illustrates the importance for managers of understanding avoidability i.e. the extent to which turnover decisions can be prevented.
6) Martin C. (2003) ‘Explaining labour turnover: Empirical evidence from UK establishments’
Abstract: Martin (2003) looked at the effect of unions on labour turnover and found clear evidence that unionism is associated with lower turnover. He suggested that lower turnover is a result of the ability of unions to secure better working conditions thus increasing the attractiveness for workers of
staying in their current job. According to Martin, the relationship between lower turnover and unionisation has been well established by researchers using both industry-level and individual data.
7) Kirshenbaum A. & Weisberg J. (2002), ‘Employee’s turnover intentions and job destination choices’
Abstract: This study of 477 employees in 15 firms examined employees’ job destination choices as part of the turnover process. One of their main findings was that co-workers’ intentions have a major
significant impact on all destination options - the more positive the perception of their co-workers desire to leave, the more employees themselves wanted to leave. The researchers suggest that a feeling about co-workers’ intentions to change jobs or workplace acts as a form of social pressure or justification on the employee to make a move.
8) IDS (2000), Improving staff retention
Abstract: A step towards understanding turnover within an organisation is to determine whether retention difficulties are caused by internal or external factors. While the role of labour market conditions in causing turnover may preclude the use of targeted human resource strategies, this information may be useful in analysing to what extent turnover is due to outside factors. However, although tight labour markets affect an employer’s ability to attract and retain staff, looking outwards at the local labour market cannot be a substitute for understanding what is going on within the organization.
9) Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (2004), Fact sheet on employee turnover and retention.
Abstract: Where new employees leave after a short period in the job, poor recruitment and selection decisions both on the part of the employer and employee are usually the cause, along with poorly designed or non-existent induction programs (CIPD, 2004). If expectations are raised too high during the recruitment process this can result in people accepting jobs for which they may be unsuited. Organizations often do this to ensure that they fill their vacancies with sufficient numbers of well-qualified people as quickly as possible. However, this can be counterproductive over the longer-term, as it can lead to costly avoidable turnover and to the development of a poor reputation in local labour markets. The CIPD (2004) suggests that employers give employees a realistic job preview at the recruitment stage and take care not to raise expectations. It may also be useful to invite applicants to work a shift before committing themselves.
10) Miles M. Finney & Janet E. Kohlhase (2008), The effect of urbanization on labor turnover.
Abstract: The paper empirically examines labor market matching as a source of urban agglomeration economies. We work from the hypothesis that job turnover leads to tighter labor matches and estimate the relationship between urbanization and the job mobility of young men. Using a panel from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we find evidence that young men change jobs more frequently in their early career if they live in larger or in more educated urban areas. The sensitivity of the results to whether the young men were “movers” or “stayers” suggests the possible endogeneity of location.
11) Tae Heon Lee et al(2008), Understanding Voluntary Turnover: Path-Specific Job Satisfaction Effects And The Importance Of Unsolicited Job Offers.
Abstract: In response to traditional approaches’ limited success in explaining voluntary turnover, we explored a paradigmatic shift in turnover research. Using a large national sample, we found we could more successfully model voluntary turnover by recognizing that job (dis)satisfaction and ease of movement importance depend on the group of leavers being studied. For example, ongoing job satisfaction had smaller effects for turnover driven by certain shocks (unsolicited job offers and family-related reasons), which accounted for 40 percent of all quits. Moreover, the prevalence of unsolicited job offers may necessitate rethinking the role of ease of movement in turnover decisions.
12) B. Ramaseshan (1998), Retail employee turnover: Effects of realistic job information and interviewer affect.
Abstract
In contrast to the majority of studies relating to employee turnover reported in the marketing literature in general and retailing in particular, which have essentially been from the point of view of the organization selecting a person for a retail position, this study is an attempt to understand retail employee turnover from the perspective of an individual applicant selecting an organization. The study is aimed at providing insights into the effects that realistic job information and interviewer credibility may have on the retail firm's capacity to retain its employees. The important conclusion suggested by this study is that accurate, relevant and detailed job information play a significant role in reducing retail employees' decision to leave the job. The findings of the study also suggest that general interviewer affect by itself does not contribute to reducing retail employees' decision to quit
the job. Implications for retail management would seem to be that greater attention must be given to providing realistic information concerning the retail job to potential recruits, rather than attempting to gloss over the less attractive attributes of the employment. If this is done, good recruits might be less likely to leave, and those who should not have been attracted to the position in the first place, will be less likely to be appointed.
CHAPTER-4
CHAPTER-4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 4.1 RESEARCH DESIGN: 4.1 RESEARCH DESIGN:The research design used in this project is the descriptive research design. The research design used in this project is the descriptive research design.
4.1.1 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION: 4.1.1 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION:
The data collected is divided into two namely primary data and secondary data. The method and The data collected is divided into two namely primary data and secondary data. The method and mode used for collecting these data are explained below.
mode used for collecting these data are explained below.
PRIMARY DATA: PRIMARY DATA:
Th
The e priprimamary ry datdata a colcollelectction ion is is ththe e gatgatherhering ing of of resresponponseses s frfrom om the the stastaffs ffs whwhicich h wawas s dondone e byby direct survey with the help of questionnaire.
direct survey with the help of questionnaire.
SECONDARY DATA: SECONDARY DATA:
The secondary data is the information collected from the company’s official web sites, books and HR The secondary data is the information collected from the company’s official web sites, books and HR portals for the project work.
4.2 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT: 4.2 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT:
The research instrument used for collecting the data is questionnaire. The research instrument used for collecting the data is questionnaire.
Questionnaire: Questionnaire:
The Questionnaire is prepared in an organized and thorough manner and reframed accordingly after The Questionnaire is prepared in an organized and thorough manner and reframed accordingly after considering all the required aspects of the attrition analysis, using last year’s data. The scale ranges considering all the required aspects of the attrition analysis, using last year’s data. The scale ranges from a score of 1 for ‘Strongly Agree’ to a score of 5 for ‘Strongly Disagree’.
from a score of 1 for ‘Strongly Agree’ to a score of 5 for ‘Strongly Disagree’.
Parameters Used For The Survey Parameters Used For The Survey
The factors which were taken into consideration for the attrition analysis survey are as follows; The factors which were taken into consideration for the attrition analysis survey are as follows;
Employee moraleEmployee morale
Career growthCareer growth
Work EnvironmentWork Environment
CommunicationCommunication
Company PoliciesCompany Policies
TrainingTraining
CommunicationCommunication
Overall satisfaction of the companyOverall satisfaction of the company 4.3. SAMPLING DESIGN:
4.3. SAMPLING DESIGN:
4. 3.1 Population: 4. 3.1 Population:
Population taken for the study is the Assistant Department Managers (ADM)s and team leaders of Population taken for the study is the Assistant Department Managers (ADM)s and team leaders of Big Bazaar.
Big Bazaar.
4.3.2 Sample Size: 4.3.2 Sample Size:
Since the company required responses from all the ADMs and team leaders, the sample size for Since the company required responses from all the ADMs and team leaders, the sample size for individual branches were as follows;
individual branches were as follows;
Big Bazaar (Banashankari) - 30 Big Bazaar (Banashankari) - 30
Big
Big Bazaar Bazaar (Jayanagar) (Jayanagar) -10-10
Big
Big Bazaar Bazaar (Puttenahalli) (Puttenahalli) - - 1010
4.4 STATISTICAL TOOLS USED FOR ANALYSIS: 4.4 STATISTICAL TOOLS USED FOR ANALYSIS:
After data collection, statistical tools are used for analyzing the data and results are obtained. From After data collection, statistical tools are used for analyzing the data and results are obtained. From the obtained results, findings and suggestions can be done. The statistical tools used in this project for the obtained results, findings and suggestions can be done. The statistical tools used in this project for analysis are:
analysis are:
SPSS (Simple Percentage Analysis).SPSS (Simple Percentage Analysis).
CHAPTER-5
5.1 ANALYSIS AND INFERENCES: 5.1.1) Preliminary Analysis
The preliminary analysis comprises of analysis of attrition from secondary data which was obtained from the SAP database, which was then classified based on three factors:
1. Last 3 months attrition analysis(Dec’09 to Feb’10)- an indicator of infant attrition, a predictor of improper implementation of recruitment practises and maybe external factors such as improvement of job market after the recessionary effects
2. Last six months attrition analysis(Aug’09 to Feb’10) was done as per company requirements 3. Yearlong attrition analysis( Jan’09 to Feb’10) was done to get an overall perspective of the trend in attrition rates per month.
Attrition formula:
4.2 ATTRITION RATE ANALYSIS
Attrition rate = ((number of people left*100)/(number of employees currently present+newly joined))/100
5.1.1Attrition Rate Analysis In Banashankari:
Attritions Headcount Newlyjoined Attrition%
Year ( 09) January 11 180 0 6.1 Feb 10 182 1 5.4 March 10 178 0 5.6 April 10 181 0 5.5 May 6 177 1 3.3 June 1 175 7 0.5 July 11 179 6 5.9 August 11 210 7 5.0 Sept 13 212 5 5.9 October 5 216 7 2.2 November 7 214 10 3.1
Avg Attrition rate(monthly) 4.31%
Table 5.1.1: Attrition Rate in Big Bazaar – Banashnakari Unit
Inference:
From the above calculation we have determined that the current monthly attrition rate is 4. 32%, this amounts to approximately 50% annually.
5.1.2Attrition Rate Analysis In Jayanagar:
Attritions Headcount Newlyjoined Attrition%
Year ( 09) January 9 153 9 5.56 Feb 10 142 12 6.49 March 10 133 13 6.85 April 8 118 17 5.93 May 13 116 18 9.70 June 19 112 17 14.73 July 13 116 16 9.85 August 8 119 18 5.84 Sept 14 117 17 10.45 October 10 117 18 7.41 November 9 117 16 6.77 December 14 111 20 10.69 January'10 5 117 9 3.97
Table 5.1.2: Monthly Attrition rate analyis at Big Bazaar at the Jayanagar unit
Inference:
From the above calculation we have determined that the current monthly attrition rate is 8.02%, this amount to approximately 96% annually. This is very high for the retail sector and thus the study is conducted. This validates the need for the study.
5.1.3Attrition Rate Analysis In Puttenahalli:
Attritions Head count Newly joined Attrition%
Year ( 09) August 3 29 18 6.38% Sept 3 32 17 6.12% October 2 37 18 3.64% November 6 33 16 12.24% December 3 34 20 5.56% January'10 1 33 9 2.38% February'10 1 33 16 2.04%
Chart5.1.3: Monthly Attrition Analyses -Putenhalli Inference:
Th attrition rate for Putenhalli unit is 5.48% . From the trend we can see that attrition is on a decline. But this is inconclusive as more data from ensuing months are required.Since this store was inaugrated only in June the dat from August is furnished above.
5.2 Detailed Analysis:
The in-depth analysis of attrition was done by means of questionnaire and interview.The factors featuring the questionnaire are based on the ASA ( Attraction-Selection-Attrition) Matrix.The following are the results of the questionnaire.
Conceptual Framework:
The sample population of Big Bazaar were given the questionnaire; they were then required to fill it after due consideration from their sub-ordinates and according to their experience in the matter regarding attrition. ASA (Attraction-Selection-Attrition) framework, Statement: ‘attributes of people, not the nature of external environment, or organizational technology, or organizational structure, are the fundamental determinants of organizational behaviour’ (Schneider, 1987).
Thus the questionnaire was framed to include such parameters such as employee morale, career growth, work environment, communication, company policies, training and compensation. The above mentioned factors were framed in the 5 point interval scale. According to literature review “People leave the organization because of their superiors/supervisors and not the organization”, therefore we have included in our study the managerial aspects that influence a person from leaving the organization.
Employee satisfaction:
Ho: The employees are not satisfied with the organization.
Ha: The employees are satisfied with the organization.
a. t cannot be computed because the standard deviation is 0.
N Mean
Std.
Deviation
Std. Error Mean
Employee satisfaction in Big Bazaar-Banashankari
30 2.8600 .78272 .11069
Employee satisfaction in Big Bazaar-Jayanagar
10 1.9412 .55572 .13478
Employee satisfaction in Big bazaar-Puttenahalli
10 3.0000 .00000a .00000
Table 5.2.1: One-Sample Test
Test Value = 3 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean
Difference Lower Upper Employee satisfaction in Big
Bazaar – Banashankari
-1.26 5
49 .212 -.14000 -.3624 .0824
Employee satisfaction in Big Bazaar- Jayanagar
-7.85 6
16 .000 -1.05882 -1.3445 -.7731
Inference:
From the above data, it is inferred that the significant value of Banashankari branch is lesser than 0.05, so null hypothesis is substantiated. Thus, this factor could be of major concern and could impact the attrition in greater terms.
5.3: Percentage Analysis of Employee Attrition across critical Units
Question 1:Banashankari Jayanagar Puttenahalli strongly agree 2.0 17.6
agree 32.0 70.6
neutral 44.0 11.8 100.0
disagree 22.0
strongly disagree
In general, they are satisfied with the organization
Table 5.3: Percentage Analysis of Employee Attrition across critical Units
“In general they are satisfied with the organization”
Chart 5.3: Percentage Analysis of Employee Attrition across critical Units
Inference:
From the graph we see that 44% of the respondents in Banashankari have a neutral response to the statement. Whereas it is 100% in Putenhalli.
5.3.1: Do you feel that your sub-ordinates are a valued part of the office?
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agree 12 24 24 24 agree 31 62 62 86 neutral 6 12 12 98 disagree 1 2 2 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 62% of respondents agreed that there sub-ordinates are a valued part of the office, 24% strongly agree to this, 12% are neutral and don’t have an idea and the remaining
5.3.2:Do you feel that your sub-ordinates are respected and fairly treated in the organization
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Vali d strongly agree 10 20 20 20 Agree 30 60 60 80 Neutral 9 18 18 98 Disagree 1 2 2 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 60% respondents agree that there sub-ordinates are respected and fairly treated in the organization 20% strongly agree to this 18% are neutral and don’t have an idea and the remaining 2% are disagree that there sub- ordinates are respected and fairly treated in the organization.
INFERENCE:
5.3.3Morale in the office is high
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 4 8 8 8 Agree 19 38 38 46 Neutral 26 52 52 98 Disagree 1 2 2 100 Total 50 100 100
From the total respondents 52% of the respondents are neutral that they are not having any idea about morale, and 38% are agree that Morale in the office is high and 8% are strongly agree for that and 2% are disagree for that.
5.3.4: Do they have career goals and future prospects?
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 8 16 16 16 Agree 26 52 52 68 neutral 8 16 16 84 disagree 8 16 16 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 52% are agree that they have career goals and future prospects and 16% are strongly agree for that and 16% are neutral and 16% are disagree for that.
5.3.5: DO they know how their job fits into larger picture of the organization?
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 4 8 8 8 Agree 27 54 54 62 Neutral 15 30 30 92 disagree 4 8 8 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 54% of the respondents are agree that they know how their job fits into larger picture of the organization and 30% are neutral and 8% are strongly for that and 8% are disagree for that.
5.3.6: Do they have a clear understanding of how their job performance is measured?
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 4 8 8 8 agree 28 56 56 64 neutral 13 26 26 90 disagree 5 10 10 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 56% of respondents are agree that they have a clear understanding of how their job performance is measured 26% are neutral and 10% are disagree for that and 8% are strongly agree for that.
5.3.7: Do they know how exactly of what is being expected out of them?
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 5 10 10 10 agree 27 54 54 64 neutral 16 32 32 96 disagree 1 2 2 98 strongly disagree 1 2 2 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 54% of respondents are agree that they know how exactly of what is being expected out of them and 32% are neutral and 10% are strongly for that and 2% are disagree and 2% are disagree.
5.3.8: The organization accommodates their personal needs.
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agree 7 14 14 14 agree 16 32 32 46 neutral 15 30 30 76 disagree 8 16 16 92 strongly disagree 4 8 8 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE
From the total respondents 32% of respondents are agree that The organization accommodates their personal needs and 30% are neutral and 16% are disagree for that and 14% are strongly agree for that and 8% are strongly disagree for that.
5.3.9:The work environment in the store is friendly
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 14 28 28 28 Agree 27 54 54 82 Neutral 7 14 14 96 Disagree 2 4 4 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE
From the total respondents 54% of the respondents are agree that The work environment in the store is friendly and 28% are strongly agree and 14% are neutral for that and 4% are disagree for that
5.3.10Do they have a positive relationship with their supervisor
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agree 15 30 30 30 Agree 26 52 52 82 Neutral 8 16 16 98 disagree 1 2 2 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE
From the total respondents 52% of the respondents are agree that they have a positive relationship with their supervisor and 30% are strongly agree for that and 16% are neutral and 2% are disagree for that
5.3.11:There is a spirit of co-operation among staffs
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent V a l i d strongly agree 8 16 16 16 Agree 34 68 68 84 Neutral 7 14 14 98 Disagre e 1 2 2 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 68% of the respondents are agree that There is a spirit of co-operation among staffs and 16% are strongly agree and 14% are neutral and 2% are disagree for that.
5.3.12:The workload and work targets are reasonable
Frequenc y Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agree 4 8 8 8 agree 21 42 42 50 neutral 13 26 26 76 disagree 8 16 16 92 strongly disagree 4 8 8 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 42% of the respondents are agree that The workload and work targets are reasonable and 26% are neutral and 16% are disagree for that and 8% are strongly agree for that and 8% are strongly disagree for that.
5.3.13:The workload is distributed fairly
Frequenc y Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agree 5 10 10 10 Agree 31 62 62 72 Neutral 10 20 20 92 Disagree 4 8 8 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 62% of the respondents are agree that The workload is distributed fairly and 20% are neutral and 10% are strongly agree for that and 8% are disagree for that.
5.3.14:The sub-ordinates feel that the work timings are flexible
Frequency Percent Valid Perc ent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agre e 5 10 10 10 agree 11 22 22 32 neutral 11 22 22 54 disagree 18 36 36 90 strongly disag ree 5 10 10 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 36% of respondents are disagreed that there sub-ordinates feel that the work timings are flexible and 22% are agree for that and 22% are neutral and 10% are strongly agree for that and 10% are strongly disagree for that.
5.3.15: Do you think attrition is influenced by their difficulty in adapting to the organization? Frequenc y Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid yes 20 40 40 40 no 20 40 40 80 can't say 10 20 20 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 40% of the respondents are say YES that the attrition is influenced by their difficulty in adapting to the organization and remaining 40% said no for that and 20% of respondents are can’t say anything.
5.3.16:Communication amongst the staff and the floor manager in this store is effective
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agree 15 30 30 30 agree 28 56 56 86 neutral 7 14 14 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 56% of the respondents’ agree that Communication
amongst the staff and the floor manager in this store is effective and 30% are strongly for that and 14% are neutral.
5.3.17: The policies in the company are clearly articulated to the staffs.
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agree 7 14 14 14 agree 18 36 36 50 neutral 19 38 38 88 disagree 6 12 12 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 38% of respondents are neutral they can’t say anything about The policies in the company are clearly articulated to the staffs and 36% are agree for that and 14% are strongly agree for that and 12% disagree for that
5.3.18: The office has policies supportive to the staff
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 5 10 10 10 agree 24 48 48 58 neutral 17 34 34 92 disagree 3 6 6 98 strongly disagree 1 2 2 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 48% of the respondents are agree that the office has policies supportive to the staff and 34% are neutral and 10% are strongly agree for that 6%
are disagree for that 2% are strongly disagree for that.
5.3.19:The sub-ordinates received a thorough orientation about their job and office when they joined
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 10 20 20 20 agree 22 44 44 64 neutral 15 30 30 94 disagree 2 4 4 98 strongly disagree 1 2 2 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 44% of the respondents are agree that there sub-ordinates received a thorough orientation about their job and office when they joined and 30% are neutral on that and 20% are strongly agree for that and 4% are disagree for that and 2% are strongly disagree for that.
5.3.20:The training programs were effective in improving their productivity
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Valid strongly agree 12 24.0 24.0 24.0 Agree 22 44.0 44.0 68.0 neutral 13 26.0 26.0 94.0 disagree 2 4.0 4.0 98.0 strongly disagree 1 2.0 2.0 100.0 Total 50 100.0 100.0
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 44% of the respondents are agree that the training programs were effective in improving their productivity and 26% are neutral on that and 24% are strongly agree for that 4% are disagree for that and 2% are strongly disagree for that.
5.3.21:The compensation paid to me is fair when compared to the companies in the same industry
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 2 4 4 4 agree 13 26 26 30 neutral 15 30 30 60 disagree 14 28 28 88 strongly disagree 6 12 12 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 30% of the respondents are neutral on the compensation paid to me is fair when compared to the companies in the same industry and 28% of are disagree for that and 26% are agree for that and 12% are strongly disagree that and 4% are strongly disagree for that.
5.3.22:In general, they are satisfied with the organization
Frequenc
y Percent
Valid
Percent Cumulative Percent Va lid strongly agree 1 2 2 2 agree 16 32 32 34 neutral 22 44 44 78 disagree 11 22 22 100 Total 50 100 100
INFERENCE:
From the total respondents 44% of the respondents are neutral in general, they are satisfied with the organization and 33% are agree for that and 22% are disagree for that and 2% are strongly agree for that.
5.3: Major Reasons for Attrition-Freidman’s Test:
By means of Friedman’s test we have determined the top 5 reasons for attrition and the following are the results of this test. The top reason cited for attrition has been selected as the independent variable for the study.
Reasons for attrition Friedman’s test result Better opportunity 2.78
Marriage 6.34
Less salary 1.85
Sickness 6.34
Company policies 6.37
Work pressure 3.95
Leave 5.32
Table 4.4.1: Reasons for attrition using Freidman’s Test Inference:
From the Freidman’s ranking method, the top 5 reasons for employees leaving the company, as per the order are;
1. Less salary
2. Better opportunity outside 3. Long working hours
4. Work pressure and 5. Leave
It is also critically important to recognize that, when employees indicate the intention to leave, they generally do - this means that attrition can be predicted through survey measurement, which gives employers an important "window of opportunity" to foresee and address talent loss within specific departments so as to change the environment that is causing employees to leave.
CHAPTER-6
6) FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS:FINDINGS:
Banashankari branch:
The attrition rate was high in the Banashankari branch in the month of January. It was at this month when a new HR executive was appointed. And his adaptation to the Retail HR practices might have taken time for which the next few months have witnessed higher percentage of employees exiting the company continuously.
The attrition rate for the year is 4.32%. In general, the staffs selected for job roles viz. salespersons, cashiers, beauticians, Insurance marketing personnel, maintenance personnel require a PUC graduation or lesser, their job nature is very common and they may keep switching their job roles when they need as per their need for change to a different job role. So, they have a lot of options and opportunities to choose within and outside the industry. So, it was found that in this store staffs had work experience of a completely different job role in the past and therefore they do not mind shifting to a different one as wider options exist.
Jayanagar Branch
The attrition rate was high in Jayanagar branch in the month of June and it is also seen that the rate is intermittently higher in the next few months. The reason may be due to the additional burden of controlling and maintaining two branches of Big Bazaar by a single HR executive(other unit being that of Puttenahalli).
The attrition rate for the year is 8.02%, and is relatively higher than the other two branches. This rate is a huge figure when it comes to the retail industry. One of the major reasons for this high rate in this branch, as gathered by an interview with the store manager suggests that this store is located in the heart of Bangalore, and therefore wider opportunities are available within this area with better compensation. Therefore staffs quit their jobs from the store and move towards neighboring malls within the vicinity.
Puttenahalli branch
The attrition rate was high in the month of November, which is higher than any of the other following months. The reason as collected from the interview with the store manager suggests that few staffs were terminated due to disciplinary and integrity issues at this month.
The attrition rate for the year is 5.48%. One major reason for employees leaving, with regards to Puttenahalli store is its location. This store is located few miles away from the main city and is currently emerging as a developing city, where high class customers reside. This location becomes a major concern for travel especially when returning after their work hours (store closes at 10 p.m) specifically to the female staffs.
RESPONSES GATHERED THROUGH QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS-(Interview method)
The qualitative analysis was also conducted in our project so as to complement the research and get deeper and thorough insights over additional unknown factors which may not have been addressed in the questionnaire or those which may not have been answered in the questionnaire due to fear that existed amongst the floor staffs who perceived questionnaires to be an opinion form from the HR department. But the interview with group of team members, store managers and team leaders scrutinized few reasons specific to the store which would thereby help the HR executives to sort them out in the near future. Since most of the factors seemed to be common, all of them have been clustered and presented below;
Issues for the attrition of floor staffs:
1. Indisciplinary attitudes of some of the staffs had to be dealt with severely which directly impacted the attrition rate of the store.
2. No due recognition given, low salary, better prospects outside, integrity issues, high work pressure and timings
3. Most of the employees are not goal oriented
4. With respect to training, focus has to be given over the product knowledge especially for the food bazaar staffs.
5. Overload of offers confuse the team functioning
6. Employees feel that the training programs have to be more consistent. Computer training pertaining to retail sector may be provided. Communication trainings and various programs have
to be introduced
7. Manpower handling ‘print and production’ not enough as other inter departmental activities like sales also done by VM.
9. The superiors listen others words about their subordinates progress, rather monitoring their performance.
10.Very importantly, there is red tapism and bias. Favoritism influences the promotion policies of staffs.
11.Staffs from the food bazaar-staples feel heavy work .The department requires homilies (separate staffs for carriage of goods) to be employed.
12. With regards to Compensation, employees feel newly employed staffs are paid more than the existing on
Issues for the attrition of managerial staffs:
13. Timings and lack of sufficient time is not available for their personal lives.
14. Core values of the company such as “respect and humility” are not followed properly. 15. Staffs feel that they do not receive equal treatment.
16.Implementations of plans do not occur as planned.
6) RECOMMENDATIONS:
Retention strategy:
Post-recruitment:
After recruitment it is necessary that the new joinee feels calm and comfortable with his new role. The initial stages of the employee in the job are a tougher phase and they must be treated properly and in a friendly manner to avoid their exit. As per the analysis, a significant portion of respondents have responded that the attrition is also caused due to the difficulty in adapting to the organizations after joining.
Chart 6.1: Attrition influenced by difficulty in adapting to organization
20
40%
