Study and Implementation of Video Compression standards (H.264/AVC, Dirac)

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Study and Implementation of Video Study and Implementation of Video

Compression standards (H.264/AVC, Compression standards (H.264/AVC,

Dirac) Dirac)

EE 5359-Multimedia Processing- Spring 2012

Dr. K.R Rao

By:

Sumedha Phatak(1000731131)

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Objective Objective

A study, implementation and comparison of the baseline profiles of H.264/AVC [6] and Dirac [21]

For factors like video quality, bit rates, compression ratio, complexity and performance analysis

A comparison of these two standards

Based on quality parameters like SSIM [13], MSE [13]

and PSNR [13] at various bit rates will be done

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Introduction Introduction

Data compression means bit-rate reduction

Compression can be either lossy or lossless [9]

Majority of video compression algorithms use lossy compression [1]

Video compression uses modern coding techniques

to reduce redundancy in video data and combines

spatial image compression and temporal motion

compensation. [3]

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Need for Video Compression?

Mainly because bandwidth is still a valuable commodity

Consider a TV picture resolution of 720×480 and a frame rate of 30 fps

If represented by 3 bytes per pixel

1 sec of video=31.1 MB and 1 hr of video=112GB

BW required to deliver wirelessly will be 124.4 MHz

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History History

Table 1: History of video compression standards [1]

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History

History ( contd.) ( contd.)

Figure 1: Evolution of video compression standards [2]

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H.264 [4]

H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 or AVC (Advanced Video Coding) is a standard for video compression [3]

Currently one of the most commonly used formats for the recording, compression, and distribution of high definition video [4]

Good video quality at substantially lower bit rates

than previous standards

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H.264 H.264 Architecture Architecture

Figure 2: H.264 architecture [2]

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H.264 Encoder H.264 Encoder

Figure 3: H.264 encoder block diagram [4]

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H.264 Decoder H.264 Decoder

Figure 4: H.264 decoder block diagram [4]

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Dirac [21]

Open and free video compression format developed by BBC research [6]

Intended to provide high quality video

compression for applications like Ultra HDTV

Mainly competes with existing standards like H.264 [5] and VC1 [12]

Hybrid video codec because it involves both

transform and motion compensation

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Dirac Encoder Block Diagram Dirac Encoder Block Diagram

Figure 5: Dirac encoder block diagram [5]

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Dirac Decoder Block Diagram Dirac Decoder Block Diagram

Figure 6: Dirac decoder block diagram [5]

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Thank You.

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Abbreviations and Acronyms Abbreviations and Acronyms

AVC: Advanced Video Coding

AVS: Audio Video Standard

BBC: British Broadcasting Corporation

CIF: Common Intermediate Format

CODEC: Coder and Decoder

DCT: Discrete Cosine Transform

HDTV: High-Definition Television

IEC: International Electro technical Commission

ISO: International Organization for Standardization

ITU-T: International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization sector

JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group

MPEG: Moving Picture Experts Group

MSE: Mean Square Error

MSU: Moscow State University

PSNR: Peak Signal to Noise ratio

QCIF: Quarter Common Intermediate Format

SMPTE: Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers

SSIM: Structural Similarity Metric

VQMT: Video Quality Measurement Tool

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References References

[1]Video compression standards history: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_compression#Video [2] Video conferencing standards and technology.

http://blog.radvision.com/videooverenterprise/2008/06/03/the-babel-fish-proves-video-conferencing-does-exist/

[3] K. R. Rao and D. N. Kim, “Current Video Coding Standards: H.264/AVC, Dirac, AVS China and VC-1,” IEEE 42nd Southeastern symposium on system theory (SSST), March 7-9 2010, pp. 1-8, March 2010.

[4] S. Kwon, A. Tamhankar and K.R. Rao, “Overview of H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10”, J. Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 17, pp.186-216, April 2006.

[5]T. Borer and T. Davies, “Dirac video compression using open technology,” BBC EBU Technical Review, July 2005.

[6] A. Ravi, and K.R. Rao, “Performance analysis and comparison of the dirac video codec with H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC”, International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing, vol.4, pp. 635-654, January 2010.

[7] T. Wiegand, and G. Sullivan, “Overview of H.264/AVC video coding standards,” IEEE Transactions on circuits and systems for video technology, vol. 13, no. 7,pp. 560-576, July 2003.

[8]DiracSpecification,Version2.2.3,Available:http://diracvideo.org/download/specification/dirac-spec-latest.pdf [9] General information on Data/ Video compression http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression

[10] The Dirac web page: http://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/projects/dirac/technology.shtml

[11] S.-T. Hsiang, “A new sub band/wavelet framework for AVC/H.264 intra frame coding and performance comparison with motion-JPEG 2000", SPIE/VCIP, vol.6822, pp. 68220P-1 through 12, Jan. 2008.

[12] VC-1 Compressed video bit stream format and decoding process (SMPTE 421M-2006), SMPTE standard, pp. 2-9, 2006.

[13] Z. Wang, et al, “Image quality assessment: From error visibility to structural similarity”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol.13, no.4, pp. 600-612, April 2004.

[14] MSU Video quality measurement tool:

http://compression.ru/video/quality_measure/video_measurement_tool_en.html#nav

[15] G. J. Sullivan and J. Ohm, Recent developments in standardization of high efficiency video coding (HEVC), Proc. SPIE 7798, 77980V (2010)

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References References

[16] Dirac developer support documentation:

http://dirac.sourceforge.net/documentation/algorithm/algorithm/wlt_transform.xht

[17] I. Richardson, “The H.264 advanced video compression standard”, Wiley, 2nd edition, 2010.

[18] C. Christopoulos, A. Skodras, T.Ebrahimi, “The JPEG2000 still image coding system: An Overview”, IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electronics, vol.46, pp.1103-1127, Nov. 2000

[19] B. Zeng and J. Fu, “Directional discrete cosine transforms - A new framework for image coding”, IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 305-313, Mar. 2008.

[20] K. R. Rao and P. Yip, Discrete Cosine Transform: Algorithms, Advantages, Applications (Academic Press, Boston, 1990).

[21] A. Ravi, “Performance analysis and comparison of the dirac video codec with H.264/ MPEG 4 Part 10 AVC”, M.S thesis, EE dept., UT Arlington, Aug 2009