UNSPRUNG MASS REDUCTION BY INTEGRATING DISC BRAKE ROTOR AND CHAIN SPROCKET IN TWO-WHEELER

UNSPRUNG MASS REDUCTION BY

INTEGRATING DISC BRAKE ROTOR AND

CHAIN SPROCKET IN TWO-WHEELER

1

Jaykumar Amin, 2Prof. Imran Molvi 1_{M.Tech. Student,}2_{Assistant Professor,} 1,2 _{Department of Mechanical Engineering,}

1,2 _{Parul Institute of Engineering and Technology, Parul University, Vadodara, India.}

Abstract: This study researched the decrease of unsprung mass in suspension framework for bike. As the decrease of unsprung mass model going for portraying the impact of an extra mass on a urban vehicle. The effect of an in-wheel engine out and about holding exhibitions and vehicle ease. For which criteria have been characterized, has been concentrated on a decrease of unsprung mass in bike and contrasted with the standard setup (vertical suspension). Trial setup will be set up to think about weight of two haggle of unsprung mass in that wheel for vehicle suspension framework and vehicle comfort.

KEY WORDS: Unsprung Mass, Sprung Mass, Suspension System, Chain Sprocket, Disc Brake, Drum Brake, Wheel, Two-Wheeler.

I. INTRODUCTION

In a ground vehicle with a proper suspension, the unsprung mass & the unsprung weight are the mass for suspension, wheels, tyres or tracks, and other parts direct which are connected with them, other than reinforced by suspension which is the mass of the body with distinctive rather fragments maintained by bearing suspension is the unsprung mass. Unsprung mass is the sum of mass of parts, the wheel axles, wheel focuses, wheel bearing, tyres, with a section of the greater drive shafts, springs suspension front and rare, protections, as well as suspension joints. In this case vehicle brake is separable mounted, mass in like bit a manner considered the unsprung mass as well.[1]

Many kinds of shock absorbers or suspensions framework are available in market, for exp. Dynamic suspensions and semi-dynamic absorbers & suspension framework are easily available. This following framework is to be work through liquid driven pressurized plate cushion unsprung suspension.[2]

II. EFFECT OF UNSPRUNG MASS

The wheel offers a trade-off unsprung mass between a wheel's following thump limit and its vibration disengagement suspension. Thumps with surface deformity are the road causing tyre weight, on the unsprung mass starting a power. The unsprung mass then reacts by this power with availability of its own [3]. The plentifulness for short thumps development is inversional proportional to the weight of part. A lighter weight wheel which skip once speedily again from road jumps thumps which will have to handle more and increasingly more predictable to hold when faulting over a flawed or tough road road. Hence, lighter wheels are developed especially for all applications. In these cases, the lighter wheel with less weight will douse up with less vibration and absorbed by shock absorbers. These irregularities surfaces of the road are trading to the cabin through the damper & suspension, thus ride quality and road clatter will be more & more terrible. For much longer thumps which are theafter wheels seek, with increase important unsprung mass makes sure & greater essential to be devoured for the deals which ride progressive and sufficient lamentable.

Pneumatic or flexibility property of tire helps for restoring some suspensions and spring to front unsprung mass anyway the shock absorbing & damping possible. Tire flexibility is also limited by mileage and overheating. Shields, similarly soggy expecting the damper spring development must be less firm rather than for a perfect world for the wheel bouncing. The wheels are still vibrating more after each thump ceasing. On land and on some cleared lanes, they started development that makes little thumps which is also known as layering's or wash boarding or "corduroy". Since then after some small version of the thumps on road made from logs. These all reasons bolstered wheel swaying in following axles with broadening the thumps.

Fig. 1.1: Unsprung mass and suspension system

III. DESIGN OF UNSPRUNG MASS AND VEHICLE SUSPENSION

Unsprings mass is important component of the arrangement of shock dampers, vehicle's suspension, shock absorbers and the materials used in the advancement increasing suspension of suspension parts. The column of center suspension from which wheels of back sides are co-related like as rigid unit, which generally have very essential unsprung mass rather than free suspension systems and shock absorbers, in which wheels gets suspended and are allowed to work autonomously. During overpowering portions, the differential housing for instance can be made the sprung mass by the interface to them explicitly to the body is lightweight materials with long period of working existence, for example, Al aluminum, plastic, SME54875 carbon fiber, and such void parts can give more-over weight increasing to the weakness or vital cost and delicacy.[5]

Bicycle create a joined engine at gearbox with last drive structures that turns a component as back suspension so and hence it is the most the way unsprung mass. This course an action is associated for the use of no wheels, with affecting their reputation poor for road holding drive.

IV. BREKING SYSTEM IN TWO-WHEELER

Braking is an essential for drive and precaution in the vehicles such as bike, regardless of it is just drum or plate Abrasives brakes, the stopping mechanisms work on a vital job by decreasing velocity of the vehicle. The amazing stopping mechanism is basically utilized in three-wheeler like autos and super bikes. These brakes are taking a shot with calculation of vitality axiom type, which also create an erosion in the vitality. To upgrade this ceasing machinist execution, around few bike creators have also utilized the standard braking or stopping mechanism. The Brembo with Bybre are very well-known brands in the field of disc brake in car plate brake innovation which offers the circle brake to the increments biggest bike producers.

A. Types of Brakes: 1) Mechanical Brake [10]

Mechanical utilizes mechanical connects to parts to draw in the brakes of vehicle. Following two sorts of mechanical brake.

I. Drum Brake

Drum Brake has an abrasive part drum which runs with the wheel, and attached with stationary cushions which is when drawn in the contacts with the pivoting drum to wheel rim and which causes braking activity and stop vehicle moving. They are of two types. Internal Expanding or External Expanding. Both are used in current vehicles.

Interior Expanding have brake shoes inside contain inside the brake drums and extended outwards brake and to reach the pivoting drum to axial, while outer brakes contract to reach axle turning drum.

Components of Drum Brake

Fig. 1.1 Disc Brake[8]

II. Disc Brake [10]

Plate brakes have comparative more capacity in various way, in this a drum have a turning slim circle, in which plate is snatched by any two cushions which causes the braking activity of vehicle. A circle brake is a brake that uses calipers to crush the sets of cushions for against a plate and a rotor to make rubbing which causes the braking activity of vehicle. This activity hinders the pivot pole, for example, a wheel hub is either to decrease its rpm rotational speed or hold it stationary not to move part. The vitality of movement over change into waste warmth rubbing part which must be scattered. By using a pressurized liquid activated plate brakes which are the most effective utilized brake for vehicle with engine vehicles, yet the circle brake is appropriate with use to practically any pivoting shaft.

Fig. 1. 2 Design of Disc Brake

The circle part is normally made of solid metal, yet may at times be made of composites, for example, strengthened carbon-carbon or earthenware framework composites. This is associated with the wheel or the pivot. To hinder the wheel, grinding material as brake cushions, mounted on the brake calliper, is constrained precisely, using pressurized water, pneumatically or electromagnetically against the two sides of the circle. Grating makes the circle and appended wheel moderate or stop.

2) Hydraulic Brake [10]

A liquid driven brake of braking component utilizing brake liquid, ordinarily which contains glycol ethers, Di-ethylene glycol, precogs to exchange weight with controlling system for the braking instrument.

The most well-known liquid driven brakes for vehicles, cruisers, bikes, and three wheelers.

1. Brake pedal like lever

2. Actuating rod or push rod type 3. Tandem Master cylinder assembly 4. Reinforced hydraulic pipes

Fig. 1.4 Design of Disc Rotor

Fig. 1.5 Newly Designed Plate

Fig. 1.5 Left Side of Working Model

Fig. 1.6 Right Side of Working Model

VI. CONCLUSION

 The straightforward estimation of vehicle suspension damping power and street input speed.

 Ride and taking care of can be improved by diminishing the unsprung mass and utilizing the versatile abilities of dynamic suspensions.

 The think about recommends and legitimizes the use of circle spine rotors in regions of overwhelming braking where a bigger braking power is required.

 Sliding rate and ordinary power on the coefficient of grating between brake cushion and plate.

VII. REFERENCES

[1] Beckerman, F. Asadian, C. Ma 2017. A New Estimation Concept for automotive suspensions. Journal of International Federation of Automatic Control. IFAC Paper Online 50-1.

[2] Jun Yao, Jinqiu Zhang, Mingmei Zhao, Xin Li 2018. Analysis of the stability non-linear absorbing-suspension system varying sprung mass under road excitation. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 425:124-136

[3] F. Chen NAE 2007. Disc Brake Squeal: An Overview. SAE Technical Paper Series Reprinted from: Brake Technology SP-2070

[4] Xiaonai Jiang, Alexander F. Vakaakis 2003. Dual mode vibration isolation of a non-linear localization mode. International Journal of Non-Liana Mechanics, 37: 837-850

[5] Khaled R.M. Mahmoud, M. Mourad, A. Bin Mahfouz 2017.Dynamic behaviors of wedge disc brake. Applied Acoustics.

[6] Molly Hischke, M.S., Raoul F. Reiser 2018. Effect of rear wheel suspension on Tilt-in-space wheelchair shock and vibration attenuation. Accepted Manuscript.

[7] Oliver Maier, BenediktGyorfi, Jurgen Wrede, Timo Arnold, Alessandro Moia 2017. In-depth analysis of bicycle hydraulic disc brakes. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 95: 310-323.

[8] D. Hrovat, Ford Motor Company, Michigan, U.S.A. 1988. Influence of unsprung weight on vehicle ride quality. Journal of sound and vibration, 124(3): 497-516.

[9] Aniket V. Mulik, Dr. A. J. Gujar 2016.Literature Review on Simulation and Analysis of Timing Chain of an Automotive Engine. Journal of Engineering Research and Application, 6: 17-21