Climate risk screening &
assessment tools
Anne Hammill (IISD) Tom Tanner (IDS)
Climate Change Adaptation -- Linking Policies and Practice (22-23 November 2010, Copenhagen)
Outline
Climate Change Adaptation -- Linking Policies and Practice (22-23 November 2010, Copenhagen)
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Context: Why?
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Terminology
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Tools typology
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Example of tools
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Findings of tool review, user analysis
`Problem framing
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Tool users
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How climate information is handled
`Reported benefits
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Limitations
`Observations
Context
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Why are tools being developed?
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Recognition of climate risks to poverty reduction
`‘Walk the talk’
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Demand from field, top-down policy commitments, due
diligence
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Proliferation of climate change adaptation ‘tools’
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End up working at cross-purposes, confusion
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Why a review? Offer some structure
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Categories, decision tree, quality standards
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Capture early lessons: User experiences
Tools for what?
• What is climate change?
• What is climate change adaptation?
• How is it linked or relevant to development?
• What is the development, poverty profile? • How will this change over next 10-50 years? • What climate hazards currently affect the area?
• Have there been any observed changes in last 100 yrs? • What changes in climate are projected with ↑ in global temp?
• What risks are associated w these changes?
• What measures can be taken to minimize neg impacts?
• What measures can be taken to maximize opportunities?
• Which measures are most effective, feasible, appropriate ?
•Is the measure reducing vulnerability?
Terminology
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‘Risk’:
No single definition. Confusion starts here. H x V.
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‘Climate risk management’:
systematic approach and
practice of using climate information in development
decision-making to minimize potential harm or losses
associated with climate variability and change (adapted
from UNISDR and IRI)
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‘Screening’ and ‘assessment’
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‘Tools’:
documents, computer programs, websites that
help undertake part of a screening / assessment process
Suggested tools typology
Type 1: Data and Information Provision
Offer, generate, or simply present data and information on:
•Primary climate variables (historic, observed, projected)
•Secondary climate impacts (e.g. flood maps, crop yields)
•Current and future vulnerability (e.g. poverty maps)
Type 2: Process Guidance
Guide users through the identification, gathering, and analysis of data & information for climate risk
management decision-making
Type 3: Knowledge sharing
Platforms and networks that offer ‘adaptation
practitioners’ a virtual space for sharing information and experiences related to climate risk management / adaptation
Process guidance tools: Screening and
assessment
Tool type CRM Element Description
Screening Pre-screening A systematic examination of a development
activity to select or eliminate it from further consideration, or to make a diagnosis
Risk screening
Assessment Risk assessment A methodology to determine the nature and
extent of risks and opportunities – i.e. examine hazards, vulnerabilities
Risk analysis A process that considers management options to minimise negative impacts and take advantage of opportunities in light of identified current and future risks
Options evaluation
Evaluating both the adequacy of current risk management strategies and potential new ones
More assessment?
What is the
problem?
What are our
options?
What shall we do?
Adaptation
Agency Tool(s) S A Notes
ADB • Draft Risk Screening Tool 9 • 20-30 mins DANIDA • Climate Change Screening Note
• Climate Change Screening Studies
9 • One of first • Action plans DFID • ORCHID / CRISP
• Integrated env’t, climate & disasters screening
• Strategic Programme Review (SPR)
9 9 • No longer used • Pending
• Tool Æ Process
DGIS • Climate Quick Scans 9 • Done
EC • Guidelines on the Integration of Env’t & CC in Development Cooperation
9 GTZ • Environmental & Climate Assessment Tool
• Climate Proofing for Development
9 9 9
• Mandatory in-house
• For partners OECD • Guidance on Integrating CCA into Devt • Entry points UNDP • Adaptation Policy Framework
UNEP • Sourcebook on integration CCA
USAID • Climate Change Adaptation Guidance Manual 9 9 • Policy incentives World Bank • ADAPT • Mainstreaming Adaptation to CC in Agriculture and NRM Projects
9 9
• Rolled into portal
Agency Tool S A
CARE • CVCA
• Toolkit for integration adaptation into projects • Toolkit for
Community-Based Adaptation (CBA) 9 9 9 9 • Document • Online, interactive • Online, interactive
Christian Aid • Adaptation Toolkit 9 • Document IISD, IUCN, IC,
SEI
• CRiSTAL 9 9 • Computer-based Red Cross • Climate Guide 9 • Document
Tearfund • CEDRA 9 • Document
UKCIP • Adaptation Wizard 9 9 • Web-based
WWF • Climate Witness 9
Problem framing
Climate Change Adaptation -- Linking Policies and Practice (22-23 November 2010, Copenhagen)
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Relevance to organisational priorities
`Link to project / program cycle
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Embed in existing risk management
procedures (e.g. EIA)
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Direction of impact:
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Climate
Æ
development
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Development
Æ
adaptive capacity
`Point of departure:
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Adapting development projects
`Developing adaptation projects
Voluntary No formal training, aware of tool through own professional
networks, Internet, reference documents. Use tool on ad-hoc, as-needed basis.
Trained and ready
Received training, ready and willing to apply tool as
needed. May do it without prompting or support. May seek out funding opportunities.
Applying as part of project
Usually trained, required to use tool as part of project – i.e. tool elaboration and application are discrete project
activities with associated budget lines. Applying as part
of job
description
Usually trained, staff or consultants, hired to apply tool in designing and managing development strategies. Hired to use the tool(s).
Mandatory
Trained, tools applied as part of mandatory agency policy.
Climate Change Adaptation -- Linking Policies and Practice (22-23 November 2010, Copenhagen)
How climate information is handled
Climate Change Adaptation -- Linking Policies and Practice (22-23 November 2010, Copenhagen)
1.
Outsource the climate
analysis
` Consultants 2.Use pre-fabricated or
packaged climate
information
` Ready-made summaries ` Tables, matrices 3.Try to do analysis
yourself
` Seek, extract, interpret ` Heavier reliance on
community observations and experiences
Reported Benefits of tool use
1.
Design climate resilient development strategies
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GTZ Vietnam (Climate Proofing for Development)
`IUCN Zambia (CRiSTAL)
2.
Awareness-raising
3.
Capacity-building
4.
Demonstrated action on climate change
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
Reported limitations
Climate Change Adaptation -- Linking Policies and Practice (22-23 November 2010, Copenhagen)
Climate information…but not as much as we’d think
More informed climate information consumers
How to address multiple stressors
Moving from assessment to implementation to M&E
Observations
Climate Change Adaptation -- Linking Policies and Practice (22-23 November
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Training and facilitation essential
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Embedding in organisational priorities and procedures
`Need to be realistic about user knowledge and incentives
`Gap between information provision and process tools
/users
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Gap between assessment and action
`Ownership, participation
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Harmonization of screening or assessment tools
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Terminology
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Common constituent parts – skeleton steps
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