Name_______________________________________
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10
A Democratic Revolution
1820-1844
A. True-False
Where the statement is true, mark T. Where it is false, mark F.
__ 1. By the mid-1820s’, only 4 states required ownership of freehold property for voting. __ 2. Revolutionary-era Americans viewed political parties as anti-republican.
__ 3. The presidency is awarded to the candidate who receives the most electoral votes.
__ 4. The tariffs of 1816 and 1824 were put into effect to raise revenue for the federal government. __ 5. Supporters of Jackson called themselves Democratic Republicans, but later simply Democrats. __ 6. Jackson wanted to continue the use of the BUS, but destroy the other parts of the American System. __ 7. The Second Bank of the United States stabilized the nation’s money supply, replaced notes with coins,
and closed reckless state banks.
__ 8. Jackson’s main support came from the eastern workers and western farmers.
__ 9. Jackson justified his actions by claiming that his reelection was the decision by the people to destroy the Second Bank.
__ 10. Most Indians were eager to resettle because it protected them against alcohol and other evils. __ 11. The Taney Court had similar views and policies as the Marshal Court.
__ 12. Jackson and Taney inspired other Democrats to evoke constitutional revolutions in their own states. __ 13. Whigs and Anti-Masons were very different in their political ideals.
__ 14. Van Buren advocated the American System and believed in its ability to maintain states’ rights. __ 15. In cases between businesses and unions, the judges generally sided with the workers.
__ 16. The Panic of 1837 was caused by the drain of gold and silver to Britain, falling cotton prices, and the withdrawal of over $2 million worth of specie from New York Banks.
__ 17. Chief Justice Lemuel Shaw ruled that unions were inherently illegal organizations.
shipments to Britain.
__ 19. The Whigs welcomed women to join their campaign festivities, a tactic that they used to gain more votes.
__ 20. After taking the presidency, John Tyler continued to follow the Whig policies of his predecessor.
B. Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the proper letter in the space provided.
__ 21. The new ideas that arose during the first quarter of the 1800s changed the tone of a. religion.
b. social reforms. c. commerce. d. politics.
__ 22. The newspaper that Van Buren use to promote his political platform a. The New York Times.
b. Albany Argus.
c. Wall Street Journal.
d. The Pennsylvanian Press.
__ 23. Who was NOT one of the final 3 candidates for the presidency in 1824? a. Henry Clay
b. John C. Calhoun c. Andrew Jackson d. John Q. Adams
__ 24. As the world’s cheapest producer of cotton, the South did not need a. a protective tariff.
b. more taxes.
c. lowered suffrage standards.
d. loans from the federal government to repay debts.
__ 25. Which of the following was NOT a reason Jackson won the support of people around the nation? a. Message of equal rights
b. Hostility towards Clay’s American System and corporations c. Desire to unify the United States with a federal bank d. Declaration of a tariff fitted for all regions of the country
__ 26. By vetoing the internal improvement bills, Jackson was reminiscent of a. George Washington.
b. John Adams. c. Thomas Jefferson. d. John Locke.
__ 27. Who left Jackson’s administration with the coming of the nullification crisis? a. Francis Preston Blair
b. Martin Van Buren c. Daniel Webster d. John Calhoun
__ 28. Most ordinary Americans were worried that the Second Bank would a. replace all other banks.
b. fail terribly.
c. leave them holding worthless bank notes. d. cause a severe panic or depression.
__ 29. Henry Clay and Daniel Webster hoped that Jackson’s veto of the early extension of the Second Bank would
a. divide the democrats before the next election. b. destroy the bank.
c. cause public resentment towards Jackson. d. create public agreement with Jackson.
__ 30. Henry Clay called Jackson’s presidency a “bloodless revolution” because he felt a. Jackson was going to raise an army.
b. Jackson was lying to the people.
c. Jackson wanted to create a new monarchy.
d. Jackson was completely changing fundamental republican ideals. __ 31. The Indian Removal Act
a. banished Indians from North America.
b. granted land and money to Indians who gave up land. c. forced Indians to move west.
d. was widely accepted by Indians. __ 32. Whigs branched off into two groups because
a. Calhoun wanted to start his own party.
b. the distance between them was much too great.
c. they had too few in common, only agreeing on their hatred of Jackson. d. Jackson forced the split.
__ 33. Anti-masons were important because a. they made efforts to stop the Freemasons. b. they sided with Jackson and his policies. c. they advocated states rights.
d. they supported the Whigs in votes.
__ 34. The Whigs’ strategy for the election of 1836 included which of the following? a. Running their most popular candidate.
b. Running four candidates at the same time to take away as many votes from the Democrats as possible to send the election to the House of Representatives.
c. Not taking part in the election.
d. Advocating slavery as their main platform.
__ 35. The Working Men’s Party lost political influence in office because of their a. inability to find a suitable candidate.
b. lack of popularity with middle-class citizens.
c. policies that advocated unions’ rights while ignoring the rights of the individual. d. divisions over policy and weakness in statewide contests.
__ 36. To revive the economy after the Panic of 1837, state governments a. borrowed specie from European countries.
b. cut back on spending for internal improvements. c. elected new officials to regulate the economy.
__ 37. Commonwealth vs. Hunt and President Van Buren’s executive order improved the long term prospects of which of the following movements?
a. Unions b. Abolitionists c. Prohibitionists d. Feminists
__ 38. Van Buren’s policies toward the Panic of 1837 were of e. immediate aggressive action.
f. a direct reflection of Congress’s wishes. g. limited governmental roles in economic affairs. h. the removal of Jackson’s old policies
__ 39. Which of the following was NOT a tactic used by the Whigs in the election of 1840? a. Welcoming women into the campaign festivities.
b. Assailing Van Buren as “Martin Van Ruin.”
c. Welcoming African Americans into the campaign festivities. d. Hosting parades.
__ 40. The Democrats were able to uphold their majority in most parts of the nation by having the support of a. African Americans.
b. the Irish and the Germans. c. plantation owners. d. the British and the French.
C. Identification
Supply the correct identification for each numbered description.
_______________ 41. State where the struggle to expand suffrage began in the 1810s.
_______________ 42. System that supported the idea of electing a politician as well as their entire party to power.
_______________ 43. Theory that John Q. Adams and Henry Clay rigged the stole the election of 1824 from Jackson.
_______________ 44. Tariff that the south found most offensive and damaging.
_______________ 45. The political party formed during Jackson’s campaign and reign as president. _______________ 46. Main newspaper of the democracy.
_______________ 47. The idea that a state could declare a federal law as unconstitutional and not abide it. _______________ 48. Term used for money in the form of gold or silver coins which were preferred over
untrustworthy bank notes.
_______________ 49. Term used for the bloodless conflict that took placed between Jackson and Republicans
_______________ 50. Banks Jackson used to deposit the gold and silver taken from the Second Bank in hopes to destroy it.
_______________ 51. The unified group of Indians composed of Cherokees, Creeks, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Seminoles.
_______________ 52. The right states won through Mayor of New York v. Miln allowing it to inspect immigrants for diseases
_______________ 53. Policy in which government’s role in economy is limited. _______________ 54. Political party created to oppose Jackson.
_______________ 55. Plan denounced by Van Buren who warned that its revival would undermine the rights of the states and create an oppressive system of “consolidated government.” _______________ 56. Contracts that required employers to only hire union members
_______________ 57. This institution inhibited the flow of money and credit to the United States after it’s mother country’s economy began to falter.
_______________ 58. Court case in which the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial court upheld the rights of workers to form unions, under the ruling of Chief Justice Lemuel Shaw.
_______________ 59. Van Buren’s economic legislation that pulled federal specie out of Jackson’s pet banks and placed it in government vaults.
_______________ 60. The practice of voting along ethnic and religious lines.
D. Matching People, Places, and Events
Match the person, place, or event in the left column with the proper description in the right column by inserting the correct letter on the blank line.
__ 61. Seventh Ward Bank of New York __ 62. Martin Van Buren
__ 63. Henry Clay
__ 64. Tariff of Abominations __ 65. Old Hickory
__ 66. Kitchen Cabinet __ 67. South Carolina __ 68. Nicholas Biddle __ 69. John Marshal __ 70. Henry Clay __ 71. Thurlow Weed __ 72. John C. Calhoun __ 73. Roger B. Taney __ 74. Worcester v. Georgia
__ 75. William Leggett
A. 1828 tariff that cost Southern planters 100 million dollars a year.
B. Court case that ruled that Indians were “distinct political communities.” C. Whig president whose policies reflected
those of the Democrats.
D. Arrogant president of the Second Bank who was feared by state bankers.
E. Chief Justice who went against common-law precedents and ruled in favor of unions. F. Example of political corruption displayed
through the transferring of stocks.
G. Used nullification in response to the Tariff of 1828.
H. Rochester newspaper editor who spearheaded the Anti-Masons.
I. Andrew Jackson, for his tough personality. J. Assumed control of Treasury and attacked
banks.
K. Jackson’s true source of advisors.
L. Closed its doors after the beginning of the financial panic which led to the withdrawal of $2 million worth of specie from other New York banks.
M. Whig candidate in the 1840 election who ran under the slogan “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too.”
N. Judge that ruled that Indians were “domestic dependent nations.”
__ 76. Dry Dock Bank of New York City __ 77. Lemuel Shaw
__ 78. William Henry Harrison __ 79. Daniel Webster
__ 80. John Tyler
O. A leading member of the New York Loco-Foco (Equal Rights) Party who argued that “The only safe-guard against oppression is a system of legislation which leaves to all the free exercise of their talents and industry.” P. Southern Whig who urged the unification of
slave owners and factory workers against common foe.
Q. American System.
R. Conspired with Webster to try to get Jackson out of office at next election.
S. Architect of the political party system. T. Spoke at a meeting of twelve hundred Whig
women and praised them for their support of moral reform.
E. Matching Cause and Effect
Match the historical cause in the left column with the proper effect in the right column by writing the correct letter on the blank line.
Cause
__ 81. States in the far East and New England wanted to deter movement to the West __ 82. Van Buren’s rejection of traditional
republican beliefs __ 83. The War of 1812
__ 84. Adams’s out-of-date political style __ 85. The “New Democracy” and greater
involvement in politics
__ 86. Jackson’s veto of 4 bills concerning internal improvements
__ 87. The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions __ 88. Jackson’s masterful veto message to
early rechartering of the Second Bank __ 89. The destruction of national banking and
protective tariffs
__ 90. Attempts to remove Indians off their land
__ 91. When Taney was appointed Supreme Court Justice
__ 92. Charles River Bridge Co. v. Warren Bridge Co.
__ 93. Northern Whigs’ enthusiasm for a protective tariff
__ 94. The Whig Party yielding 49% of the popular vote in the election of 1836 __ 95. A New York City court’s decision to
uphold a conspiracy verdict against a tailors union
__ 96. The United States issuance of an excess of bonds to finance building projects, and the bonds’ falling prices
Effect
A. Carried him to victory in the election of 1832. B. Created a jump in percentage voting from 29% to
59%.
C. Showed that workers’ struggles depended on political decisions as well as economic factors. D. He undid the previous Marshal Court’s decisions
with his own ideals.
E. Split up the Whig Party into North and South. F. Provoked a crowd of 27,000 to denounce the
decision while tailors circulated handbills proclaiming that the “Freemen of the North are now on a level with the slaves of the South.” G. Resulted in his cabinet’s resignation and his
expulsion from the Whig Party.
H. Resulted in the reduction in economic activities. I. Proved that the message of economic and moral
improvement appealed to both middle-class Americans and farmers/workers with little or no property.
J. Led to the legislature being able to create competition for any company by giving out another charter.
K. Spurred several competing factions of the Republican Party.
L. Resulted in the formation of Political Parties. M. Caused the Whigs to blame Jackson for the Panic
of 1837.
N. Ended in waning popularity during his presidency.
O. Caused states become more independent financially and less dependent on the federal government.
__ 97. President Van Buren’s limitation of a ten hour work day for federal
employees
__ 98. Specie circular and termination of the Second Bank of the United States __ 99. Including women in their campaign
festivities
__ 100. President Tyler’s veto of Whig bills that would have raised tariffs and created a new national bank
P. Increased conflicts with Native Americans, leading to more drastic actions.
Q. Allowed the Whigs to gain enough votes to secure the presidency in 1840.
R. Allowed Nullies to view their actions of nullification as justified.
S. Sparked a four-year-long international financial crisis.
T. Caused states to lower the standards and requirements for suffrage.
Answer Sheet
A. True-False
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. F 11. F 12. T 13. F 14. F 15. F 16. T 17. F 18. T 19. T 20. F
B. Multiple Choice
21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. B
C. Identification
41. Maryland
42. Spoils System/Patronage 43. Corrupt Bargain
44. Tariff of 1828/Tariff of Abominations 45. Democrats
46. Washington Globe
47. Nullification 48. Hard Money 49. Bank War 50. Pet Banks
51. Five Civilized Tribes 52. Police Power 53. Laissez Faire 54. Whigs
55. American System 56. Closed-Shop Agreements 57. Bank of England
58. Commonwealth vs. Hunt
59. Independent Treasury Act of 1840 60. Ethnocultural Politics
D. Matching People, Places, and Events
61. F 62. S 63. Q 64. A 65. I 66. K 67. G 68. D 69. N 70. R 71. H 72. P 73. J 74. B 75. O 76. L 77. E 78. M 79. T 80. C
E. Matching Cause and Effect
81. T 82. L 83. K 84. N 85. B 86. O 87. R 88. A 89. H 90. P 91. D 92. J 93. E 94. I 95. F 96. S 97. C 98. M 99. Q 100. G
