Final Exam Study Guide
1. What caused the Persian Gulf War and what was the result? Iraq invaded Kuwait; Coalition forces drove Iraqi army out of Kuwait
2. Who is Saddam Hussein?
Dictator in Iraq that ordered his troops to invade Kuwait 3. What happened 9-11-01?
Terrorist attack on U.S. by Al-Qaeda under leadership of Osama Bin Laden
4. What is the war on terror? What happened to Osama Bin Laden?
President Bush’s program to stop terrorism. Captured and executed by U.S. forces in 2011
5. What caused the War in Iraq? What happened to Saddam Hussein?
Saddam Hussein was making WMDs. U.S. wanted to keep him from doing this.
Captured and executed by U.S. forces 6. How did India gain its independence?
Mohandas Gandhi used civil disobedience (nonviolence). Peaceful protests and demonstrations (satyagraha)
7. Who is Mohandas Gandhi?
Leader of nonviolent movement in India. 8. What is Apartheid? Who is Nelson Mandela?
Led the South African movement to end Apartheid. Leader of African National Congress. Later became president of South Africa
9. What is Women’s Suffrage Movement?
Women in U.S. began to demand equality in the late 1800s. In 1920, they won the right to vote (19th Amendment).
10. In what ways do women face
discrimination in the USA?
Often pay for women is lower than men doing the same job 11. What types of Space Technology does the
USA have?
Space shuttle, satellites, International Space Station 12. What are satellites used for?
Communication (television, radio, cell phones, internet), weather information
13. What is the Internet?
Transports computer users to a web of tons of thousands of computer networks. Can send information swiftly all over the world
14. What is urbanization? What problems does it cause?
Moving from rural areas to city areas; water and air pollution, destroying animal and plant habitats, global warming,
destruction of ozone layer
The emission of carbon dioxide and other gases from factories and vehicles trap solar energy in the form of heat in the same way a greenhouse does. This can cause global warming.
16. How was the US different than the USSR during the Cold War?
U.S. – democratic government; capitalism USSR – communist government; socialism
17. What was the Berlin Blockade and Airlift?
In 1948, Soviets blocked roads going into West Berlin; allied forces airlifted supplies into West Berlin; in 1949, the Soviets lifted the blockade
19. What was the first satellite in space? What did the US do in response to this?
Sputnik I; U.S. president JFK promised we would have a man on the moon before the end of the 1960s.
20. What were two causes of the fall of the Soviet Union? Weak economy in USSR; Satellite states began to revolt; détente; perestroika; democratization
21. What is the Holocaust? Explain how it happened and its effects.
The planned destruction of the Jews and others deemed inferior by Nazis in WWII
22. What are the Nuremberg Laws? Give examples of 2 of these?
Laws that robbed Jews of their citizenship and banned marriage between Jews and other Germans.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki; industrial cities and major military headquarters
24. What happened on December 7, 1941? Why did it occur? Bombing of Pearl Harbor by Japan; occurred because of U.S. oil embargo on Japan
25. What is D- Day? How does this change the War in Europe?
Allied invasion of Normandy, France, to drive Germans out of France
26. What are the theatres of fighting in WWII? European and Pacific
27. What countries are in the Axis and Allied Powers during WWII?
Axis: Germany, Italy, Japan
28. What are the MAIN causes of WWI? Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
29. Whose assassination sparked WWI?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
30. What were the 3 front of war in WWI? Eastern, Western, Italian
31. What gets the US involved in WWI? Zimmerman Telegram; sinking of Lusitania, Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare, bombing of Pearl Harbor
32. What caused the Great Depression in the US? Around the World?
U.S. – buying stocks on margin; overproduction and low
demand for goods; high tariffs; unemployment; stock market crash
33. How does Germany respond to the Great Depression?
Government printed more money, which led to inflation; listened to Adolf Hitler and made him leader
34. How does the US respond to the Great Depression? What is the New Deal?
FDR’s New Deal – programs and agencies to help people buy food, pay for housing, and find work
35. What is totalitarianism?
Political leaders try to totally control the way citizens live and think using print, radio, film, and the arts to enforce their views. 36. Who is Adolph Hitler? Give 3 facts about
Totalitarian leader of Germany after WWI; promised to make Germany great again; took control of Nazi Party; portrayed Germans as the “Master Race” and killed anyone not in the Master Race; passed Enabling Act which allowed him not to follow German constitution
37. Who is Joseph Stalin? Give 3 facts about him?
Totalitarian leader of USSR; communist; purged anyone he thought might oppose him; turned Soviet Union into an industrial power
38. Who is Benito Mussolini? Give 3 facts about him?
promised to make Italy into a great nation; wanted to build an empire like the Roman Empire in Italy
39. What group took over in Japan during Totalitarianism?
military
40. What did the Treaty of Versailles do?
Punished Germany for WWI; made Germany pay reparations. Took land from Germany; decreased Germany’s military
41. What was trench warfare? What new types of weapons were used during WWI?
Troops dug themselves into the ground in trenches protected by barbed wire; soldiers climbed out of trenches and crossed over open ground while enemy soldiers fired
Fascism – the government glorifies the state above the individual; all-powerful dictator backed by the military
Communism – government ends all class system and all private property
43. What was the cause and result of the Korean War?
Cause: N. Korea invades S. Korea in order to spread communism Result: still divided at 38th Parallel
44. What was the cause and result of the Vietnam War?
Cause: N. Vietnam invades S. Vietnam to spread communism Result: All of Vietnam became communist
45. What is the Domino Theory? What is containment?
Containment: keeping communism from spreading to other countries
