Karnataka. Urban Governance & Innovation in Bangalore

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Urban Governance &

Innovation in Bangalore

Subhash Chandra

Special Commissioner Special Commissioner Bangalore City Corporation Bangalore City Corporation Bangalore, Karnataka, INDIA Bangalore, Karnataka, INDIA

Karnataka

Eighth largest state in India

Population of 52.73 million (Census 2001)

Share of Urban population to total population is

33.98% against all India average of 27.78%

Third most urbanized state of India after Tamil

Nadu

and

Maharashtra

One of the fastest growing states in India GSDP

growth was 7.3% during the nineties (2nd highest)

and 8.3% during the second half of the nineties

(highest)

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Bangalore: the context

Metropolitan Area 531 sq km; BCC area 226 sq kmMetropolitan Area 531 sq km; BCC area 226 sq km

55ththlargest urban center, fastest growinglargest urban center, fastest growing

Population (2004) estimated at 6.5 millionPopulation (2004) estimated at 6.5 million

Among top 10 high tech cities of the worldAmong top 10 high tech cities of the world

44ththleading innovation hub along with San Francisco, Austin leading innovation hub along with San Francisco, Austin (Texas), Taipei (Taiwan)

(Texas), Taipei (Taiwan)

Most Most favouredfavoureddestinationdestinationfor IT & BT industryfor IT & BT industry

Home for over 100 Home for over 100 MNCsMNCs

130 of Fortune 500 companies located here130 of Fortune 500 companies located here

Software exports of Software exports of RsRs18,000 18,000 CroresCroresannually (US $ 40 b)annually (US $ 40 b)

Important centre for Garment and Granite industryImportant centre for Garment and Granite industry

…

contd

Home to over 1400 IT companiesHome to over 1400 IT companies

Two new IT industries being set up every week with Two new IT industries being set up every week with

foreign equity (Investment approx. US $ 500 m, growth

rate: 45%),

Software exports during 2003Software exports during 2003--04 US $ 4.2 b (growth rate 04 US $ 4.2 b (growth rate

46%)

Hardware exports US $ 400 m (growth rate 21%)Hardware exports US $ 400 m (growth rate 21%)

Investment in BPO companies about US $ 250 mInvestment in BPO companies about US $ 250 m

Fastest growing Fastest growing ‘‘BioclusterBiocluster’’

Largest number of Biotech companies (110)Largest number of Biotech companies (110)

Growth rate over 2003Growth rate over 2003--04 is 30% (investment approx. US $ 04 is 30% (investment approx. US $

120 m); exports US $ 73 m

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…

contd.

The The ‘‘Back OfficeBack Office’’of the Worldof the World

Over 60 BPO companies (2004) up from 988 in 2003 Investment: US $ 144 m

Annual Exports: US $ 279 m (2004)

IT Enabled Services (BPO in Banking, Insurance, Medical

Transcription,etc)

Employment generation also witnessed in associated sectors, both formal & informal

Hospitality, Services and Human Resource sectors generate employment Strong human resource base in Science & Technology, pioneer in

privatization of higher/technical education leading to annually

40,000 engineers 8,000 doctors 12,000 lawyers 1,50,000 graduates 1995 2003 1973 1995 280 km² 4.08 m 2003 437 km² 6.5 m 1973 161 km² 1.65 m

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A MULTISECTORAL ECONOMY

Bangalore City Corporation

BCC: a directly elected body (100 BCC: a directly elected body (100 CorporatorsCorporators, 10 nominated, , 10 nominated, 35 Members of State Legislature & Parliament); Annual

35 Members of State Legislature & Parliament); Annual

budget: US $ 225 m

CorporatorsCorporatorselect Mayor & Deputy Mayor for a one year termelect Mayor & Deputy Mayor for a one year term

Council is main policy making body; meets monthly under the Council is main policy making body; meets monthly under the Mayor

Mayor

8 Standing Committees of 8 Standing Committees of CorporatorsCorporatorsdiscuss & recommend discuss & recommend to Council

to Council

Executive head: Commissioner (senior member of the Indian Executive head: Commissioner (senior member of the Indian Civil Service) who assists the Council

Civil Service) who assists the Council

Functions under the Karnataka Municipal Corporations Functions under the Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act,1976

Act,1976

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Urban Governance Strategy

Objective: Retain and strengthen Bangalore

Objective

: Retain and strengthen Bangalore

’

s

competitive edge and comparative advantage

Strategy:

Strategy

:

Provide conducive policy framework and

administrative structure through respective

Departments

Ensure world class facilities (connectivity,

dedicated IT facilities)

Upgrade urban infrastructure, improve quality of

life

Strategy

A robust business community translates into

greater economic activity in the city

increased job opportunities

Annual budget provides opportunity to discuss

issues with stakeholders, incl. Industry &

commerce associations

Approach is to formulate inclusive plans with

stakeholders

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Stakeholders

BCC BATF State Government Other Stakeholders BDA, BWSSB,BESCOM Civil Society Janagraha Swabhimaan PAC Academia University, Indian Institute of Science

Corporate Sector

Citizens First

Service delivery

Citizen Service Centers

Over 110,000 users accessed 11 servicesOver 110,000 users accessed 11 services

Scope of services enhanced from 4 to 11 in one yearScope of services enhanced from 4 to 11 in one year

AAcitizen friendly initiativecitizen friendly initiative

Started in December 2003Started in December 2003

Provides One Stop Service Provides One Stop Service

Located at Four convenient placesLocated at Four convenient places

Business hours 9 AM to 7 PMBusiness hours 9 AM to 7 PM

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Citizen Service Centres

BMP Head Office Jayanagar II Block

Bashyam Park Public Utility Building

Citizens

’

Report Card

Public Affairs Center conducts citizens

’

survey

every 3 years

Focus: Property tax, Solid waste, Public

toilets, Roads, Street lights, Maternity homes

Findings (2003):

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FocusFocus: Delivering urban services effectively: Delivering urban services effectively

Transparency in governanceTransparency in governance: strict compliance with Karnataka : strict compliance with Karnataka Transparency in Public Procurement Act,1999 and Karnataka

Transparency in Public Procurement Act,1999 and Karnataka

Right to Information Act, 2000

From accounting to accountabilityFrom accounting to accountability

BCC: First urban local body to adopt Fund Based Accounting SysteBCC: First urban local body to adopt Fund Based Accounting System m

(FBAS)

Publishes half yearly & annual accountsPublishes half yearly & annual accounts

Public scrutiny & debate of financial progress: PROOF (Public RePublic scrutiny & debate of financial progress: PROOF (Public Record Of cord Of

Operations & Finance)

Collaboration with IndustryCollaboration with Industry

Confederation of Indian Industry assisted first pilot of GIS basConfederation of Indian Industry assisted first pilot of GIS based tax ed tax

survey to plug property tax leakage

Engagement with civil societyEngagement with civil society

SwabhimanaSwabhimana& other NGOs& other NGOs

Urban Governance Strategy

…

2

’

s approach:

‘

Do things

differently

differently’

’

MoU with State Gov.: cap on recruitment, greater devolution MoU with State Gov.: cap on recruitment, greater devolution

of funds tied to reform covenants

US $ 220 m line of credit with Housing & Urban Development US $ 220 m line of credit with Housing & Urban Development

Corporation (HUDCO) for projects

Assistance from Assistance from parastatalparastatalurban development finance urban development finance

corporation (KUIDFC) for specific projects

Drive change through reform:

Simplification of proceduresSimplification of procedures

Demystification of processesDemystification of processes

Application of IT to facilitateApplication of IT to facilitate

ReRe--engineer business processesengineer business processes

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Adoption of new strategies:

Building capacity: critical for an organizing re

-

-inventing itself

inventing itself

–

thrust on HRD

Outsourcing planning & quality control functions

–

working with consultants

Shift in focus of public works: major thrust on

infrastructure projects

–

roads, flyovers, underpasses,

water supply & drainage, storm water drains redesign

…

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Renewed focus on the urban poor

Preventive health project: Preventive health project: ‘‘Healthy City ProjectHealthy City Project’’with WHO & with WHO &

CAMHADD

Scaling up of infrastructure for economically weaker sectionsScaling up of infrastructure for economically weaker sections

New welfare schemes: development with a human faceNew welfare schemes: development with a human face

New approaches:

Public Private PartnershipPublic Private Partnership

Public conveniences: Pay & Use ToiletsPublic conveniences: Pay & Use Toilets

Adopt a ParkAdopt a Park

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Approach

Consultation process with stakeholders

Revision of Building Bye LawsRevision of Building Bye Laws

Architects, Construction Business, Architects, Construction Business,

Imposition/revision of local taxesImposition/revision of local taxes

Traders Associations, Chamber of CommerceTraders Associations, Chamber of Commerce

Identification of major infrastructure projectsIdentification of major infrastructure projects

IT, BT sectorsIT, BT sectors

Implementation issues: underground cabling for telecom Implementation issues: underground cabling for telecom

connectivity

Telecom companiesTelecom companies

Hosts national & international Trade and Industry

delegations

Employment generation

BCC

’

s Vocational training strategy

Budgetary support for vocational training centers

in all wards

Targeted towards urban poor

IT skills related training for nearly 2500 youth

annually

Garment related training for women (approx. 2500

per annum): forward linkage with export houses

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The progress so far (2004

-

05)

7 major projects completed (Nov 04): US $ 39.5 m

11 new projects (US $ 43.3 m) commenced

22 projects under progress (US $ 66.2 m)

Asphalting of 1000

kms

commenced (US $ 28.8 m)

Redesign of 225

kms

of storm water drains (US $ 77

m)

Sanitary Landfill and Waste

-

to

-

Energy projects

launched on BOT basis

Strategies to facilitate urban planning

Adoption of GIS as a planning tool

Performance Measures for improving quality of

service

Promote transparency in working:

Enhance scope and numbers of Citizen Service Centers Extend application of IT to more fields: trade licences,

advertisement permissions, eTendering

Increase content & range of information on website:

Agenda & resolutions of Council & 8 Standing Committees, property tax information, public works contracts

Outsourced provisioning and maintenance of services

Solid Waste Management

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Strategies

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Learning through partnering: US AID funded

ICMA

’

s

‘

Resource City

’

program with City of Reno, Nevada

(USA)

Working with civil society: revision of property tax

collection demand through NGOs

Proposed Single window

‘

Permit Place

’

for building

construction permissions (>18,000 p.a.)

Performance Measures for improving quality of

service

Providing upgraded infrastructure

Working in concert

BCC coordinates with other agencies as the

major stakeholder:

Improving access to IT hubs

creation of Core Ring

Roqd

Decongestion of city

’

s core: planning for Old City

and Central Business District

Road widening and access to proposed

international airport: 6 lane highway

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Thank You

Citizens First