currency demand approach
The Shadow Economy of Czech Republic and Tax Evasion: The Currency Demand Approach
... the Currency Demand ...money demand equation b) the calculation of the value of the shadow economy through the quantity theory of ...total currency held outside the banking system, the number ...
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New Evidence on the Size and Drivers of the Shadow Economy in Spain: A Model Averaging Approach
... This study investigates the evolution of the shadow economy in Spain during the period 1986-2016 using the Currency Demand Approach by means of Bayesian Model Averaging econometric techniques. The ...
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The Size of Underground Economy in Albania
... The main purpose of this paper is to assess the size of the underground sector of the economy in Albania by using the Indirect Approach - Currency Demand Approach. A few studies have tried ...
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Shadow Economy in Pakistan: Its Size and Interaction with Official Economy
... yet currency demand approach has been most widely used in case of ...This approach uses causes for existence of shadow economy and incorporates indicators to capture additional demand ...
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A Novel Approach For Indian Currency Denomination Identification
... Bonan liu [6] has implemented it on foreign currencies except Indian Currency. On foreign currencies operations performed varies for different country currencies. Harish Agarwal, Padam Kumar performed operations ...
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A Non-Parametric Approach for Paper Currency Recognition
... Paper Currency Recognition using Fourier Mellin Transform, Hidden Markov Model and Support Vector Machine," International Journal of Computer Applications, ...
5
Euro Weakness in the Late Nineties
... European currency euro already weaken the end of summer 1998, ie a few months after the final selection of the participating countries European Monetary ...
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Diversified Currency Holdings and Exchange Rate Dynamics
... diversified currency holdings. The behavior of diversified currency holdings significantly influences exchange rate volatility in an open economy, but the role of diversified currency holdings still ...
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Economics of Regulation: Credit Rationing and Excess Liquidity
... It is not unreasonable to postulate that credit rationing is differently interpreted as a transaction holding a liability (Henderson, 1960), reserve credit (Allen, 1956) and a monetary instrument (Siegel, 1981). It can ...
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Design of HSV Mechanism for Detection of Fake Currency
... the currency may be different. The image shown on the currency note may be ...of currency transaction need to differentiate these features for proper money ...
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Modelling the Effects of Immigration on Regional Economic Performance and the Wage Distribution: A CGE Analysis of Three EU Regions
... analysis approach of Li and Rose (1995), who, using the random number generator in GAMS, ran 100 simulations to verify that the means of the key aggregate variables from the experiment were close to those obtained ...
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Liquidity Risk in Albania
... higher demand of the banking sector for short-term funding in domestic and foreign currency was met by the reduction of liquid investments, credit lines received from parent banks, as well as liquidity ...
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Cross-border cattle marketing in Sub-Saharan Africa since 1990: geographical patterns and government induced change
... structure of production, giving rise to different trade policies. The indigenous livestock economy in East Africa was curtailed in access to both grazing areas and market outlets in favour of white settlers' ranches from ...
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Measuring and predicting currency disturbances in Croatia: the “signals” approach
... “signals” approach as a non-parametric method attempts to overcome the difficulties and limitations faced by the traditional method in building a specific early warning system for ...This approach begins ...
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Trade finance and international currency: a moneatary search approach
... Invoicing currency models endogenized currency choice by allowing exporters to set price before exchange rate shock is ...foreign demand and production cost, while LCP makes future price ...invoicing ...
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International portfolio diversification: An ICAPM approach with currency risk
... International portfolio diversification: An ICAPM approach with currency risk Dimitriou, Dimitrios and Simos, Theodore Department of Economics, University of Ioannina, University Campus,[r] ...
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The Shadow Economy and Globalization: A Comparison Between Difference GMM and System GMM Approaches
... GMM approach rather than Difference GMM approach.Due to the superior approach, globalization and economic openness leads to the reduction of the shadow ...
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Economic Sanctions, Speculative Attacks and Currency Crisis
... Hong and Tornell (2005) examined the macroeconomic adjustments of countries in the aftermath of a currency crisis. The results indicated that the level of GDP remains permanently below the initial growth path even ...
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Economic Implications of International Tourism on Turkish Economy
... The macroeconomic effects of international tourism are a weightier consideration: these include foreign export demand for domestic goods and services, generating foreign currency earning[r] ...
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The size of the underground economy in Japan
... analysis approach based on the demand for currency ...in currency demand are the result of underground economies, this approach builds on the one by Gutmann ...the demand ...
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