International law and international relations

conditions under which international law is formed and how it affects the behavior of actors. 45 In this sense, the work has adopted the scientific objective of explanation, what was originally a source of the schism with international relations in the 1950s when it experienced the behavioral revolution. Shaffer and Ginsburg document that such research is occurring across a wide variety of subject areas, such as trade, the environment, and international criminal law to name a few. 46 Notably, the literature that they cite comes both from international law and international relations authors. 47 The above signs are anecdotal evidence that some progress has been made in bringing international law and international relations together. Yet we do not know the extent or depth of this collaboration. Our analysis below is designed to assess just how much of such scholarship, on an absolute and relative basis, exists in the past two decades. The above is also suggestive that much of the interdisciplinary work has come from legal scholars adopting the theories, objectives, and methodological tools of international relations scholars, and not the other way around or even that it has been a two-way street. Whether this is broadly representative of what has and is occurring can be addressed in our analysis as we consider both scholarship appearing in international law and international relations publication outlets.

This Master’s degree can help you embark on a successful career in the field of International Law, International Relations and Diplomacy. With this degree, you will deepen your expertise and build a foundation to think beyond your job’s functional limits and position yourself to become a critical agent of change. There are several enriching career opportunities in political spheres and foreign affairs department and graduates can pursue rewarding careers as public figures, diplomats, legal advisors and consultants, research consultants and can secure prominent positions in embassies and governmental institutions and agencies. Graduates can also pursue a PhD programme to enhance their portfolio and competence. When you earn a Master’s degree from Paris-Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, you join a network of successful graduates who have increased their aptitude and advanced their careers by developing their leadership potential.

Neo-liberal institutionalism has brought international legal and international relations scholarship closer together. The ontological framework of neo-liberal institutional[r]

By classifying state behavior in the international environment according to an assessment of the quantified levels of the three variables (i.e., precision, delegation, [r]

organizations.Although each of these categories stands out against the rest, all are quasi-state creations 12 . They function as non-sovereign, incomplete and derivative entities of international law. The states have created or accepted their subjectivity as well as they have acknowledged their scopes 13 . The Holy See joins the Vatican State, autonomous territories may be equipped with foreign powers, which brings them closer

Observers of international financial regulation do not spend their time wondering what France “believes” or what the United States “wants” from a capital adequacy arrangement. In IFR, legitimation does not happen mysteriously on the international level, where the difference between “legal” and “not legal” is often reflected by descending into the subcon- scious of a state and the reasons for its compliance with or disregard of a particular principle of international relations IFR is never legal once agreed to in Basel, Switzerland, or by a resolution of the International Organiza- tion of Securities Commissioners. As Daniel Lefort, the General Counsel of the Bank for International Settlements has observed, “IFR formulates broad supervisory standards and guidelines and recommends statements of best practices in the expectation that individual authorities will take steps to implement them through detailed arrangements— statutory or otherwise— which are best suited to their own national systems.” 52 In other words, it

A good example of this is the CJEU’s case law in which it deals with principles of territoriality and jurisdiction. Unlike a State, the EU does not strictly possess ‘territory’. 90 In multiple judgments, the CJEU has been asked to define the territorial scope of European Union law, and in so doing has had to apply principles of territory to the context of a regional organization. For example, the decision in Woodpulp involved the European Commission applying European competition law in respect to conduct, the establishment of a price cartel, which took place outside the territory of the EU. 91 The Court found that the European Commission had not violated international law because its jurisdiction ‘was covered by the territoriality principle, as universally recognized by public international law.’ 92 In its earlier Dyestuffs case, 93 the CJEU also avoided the issue of limits to its jurisdiction based on customary international law. The question arose more recently in in Air Transport Association of America, in which the Court was called upon to assess, inter alia, whether EU legislation establishing an emission allowance-trading scheme, as applied to airlines, 94 violated certain principles of customary international law, in particular due to the alleged ‘extra-territorial’ scope of the legislation. In that judgment, the Court referred to Woodpulp 95 and Commune de Mesquer 96 to support the argument that European

The term “International public opinion” is now also used by various actors outside the militant field. The media but also governments and international organizations that invoke international public opinion tend to make it a uni- form and sometimes lively entity: public opinion can thus “be moved”; “in- dignant” and even undergo “psychological shocks”. Individuals are of crucial importance to world affairs, this idea is based on certain assumptions such as, acquisitions of better analytical skills, global political system has entered a pe- riod of prolonged turbulence which makes it particularly sensitive to micro politics influences and the upheaval of skills is considerable since citizens to- day shape the overall results in a much more important way than in the past.

In selecting electives, Political Science and International Relations majors should remember that the LSAT and the practice of law require the ability to read with comprehension, apply logical analyses, and to express oneself with clarity and precision. Whether or not a given major will benefit from a particular elective is a question best answered by the student in close consultation with an advisor. Courses in History, Philosophy, Economics, Sociology, Psychology, Math, and English will probably all give relevant skills to majors interested in pre-law. Breadth of preparation is important. Whether a particular course in logic, writing or another area is the best choice can only be answered on an individual basis.

Public International Law in the International Monetary System SMU Law Review Volume 38 | Issue 3 Article 2 1984 Public International Law in the International Monetary System Joseph Gold Follow this an[.]

In selecting electives, Political Science and International Relations majors should remember that the LSAT, as well as law schools requires the ability to read with comprehension concepts and logic and to express oneself with clarity and precision. Whether or not a given major will benefit from a particular elective is a question best answered by the student in close consultation with an advisor. Courses in History, Philosophy, Economics, Sociology, Psychology, Math, and English will probably all give relevant skills to majors interested in pre-law. Breadth of preparation is important. Whether a particular course in logic, writing or another area is the best choice can only be answered on an individual basis.

• Statement of purpose discussing research interests All components of the application must be complete by the March 15 application deadline. Students should consult the graduate catalog and the Politics and International Relations Department website for a more comprehensive discussion of admission requirements. Students in the combined BA/MA degree program must apply for their undergraduate degree as soon as possible after having satisfied the degree requirements.

connecting thread of the global legal order is a particularly salient topic. By providing a working understanding of the content and contexts of the international rule of law, and by taking the regime of international investment law as a case study, I argue that assessing ‘rise’ or ‘decline’ motions in this sphere warrants a nuanced approach that should recognize parallel positive and negative developments. Whilst prominent procedural and substantive aspects of international investment law strongly align with the international rule of law requirements, numerous challenges threaten the future existence of the regime and appeal of international rule of law more broadly. At the same time, opportunities exist to adapt the substantive decision-making processes in investor-state disputes so to pursue parallel goals of enhancing rule of law at both international and national levels. Through recognizing the specificities of interaction between the international and national spheres, arbitrators can reinvigorate the legitimacy of the international rule of law through international investment law – benefitting thus the future of both.

Many m igration theories identify ‘the law’ as a significant constraint on the international movement of persons. While this constraint often operates through national migration legislation, this study examines the influence of international law in shaping contemporary patterns in the international movement of persons at the macro level. The analysis begins with an examination of the long-established power of a State to regulate cross-border movement of persons as an inherent attribute of State sovereignty, together with the accepted limitations on a State’s power to control entry and exit. Yet, international law reaches well beyond the movement of people across borders. The development of international human rights law has been a key constraint on state action in the United Nations era by also regulating the treatment of migrants within a State’s borders. The study considers how international law has responded to current migration issues, including: protection of migrant women and children; suppression of smuggling and trafficking of people; labour migration; and environmental migration. As in other areas of international society, there has been a proliferation of institutions through which international migration law is made and enforced. The most prominent among them are the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the International Organization for Migration (IOM), but the establishment of other entities with overlapping mandates has given rise to calls for a new international migration regime based on streamlined institutional arrangements. The study concludes that international law is an imperfect framework for regulating the international movement of persons because it has developed in a piecemeal fashion over a long time to deal with issues of concern at particular points in human history. Yet, despite its shortfalls, international law and its associated institutions unquestionably play a most important role in constraining and channeling state authority over the international movement of persons.

The facts of the Vermejo Cases are illustrative of the first situation; however, the Vermejo cases were decided by the U.S. Supreme Court and many water sharing disputes are not ruled upon by a judicial body. For example, State A is a downstream arid state with a long history of irrigation and an economy based on irrigated agriculture with irrigation practices that have not changed for centuries and State B is an upstream developing state with funding from an international organization to construct a multipurpose structure for hydropower, irrigation and domestic water supply. The funding organization requires modern efficiencies for all aspects of the project. State A lodges objections with the funding organization to any development upstream that would alter river flows.

The issue of the status of mercenaries was once again discussed during the debates of the Diplomatic Conference on the Reaffirmation and Development of International [r]

It is only in the 19th Century that we started getting a relatively large number of international decisions on what is a very narrow part of international law, re[r]

Thus, on the domestic front, we have filed countervailing duty and dumping cases against Canada before the Department of Commerce and the Interna- tional Trade Commission; and, [r]

Although the dismissal of reputation in The Limits of International Law is problematic, the authors are correct to observe that no good theory of reputation currently exis[r]

not actually be so far away from home. It may, in fact, already be there. Going back to the contents page of the international law textbook, one begins to imagine the possibilities for home we might find there: in wartime claims to homeland; in refugees’ flight from home; in indigenous peoples’ struggle for home and identity; and in the loss of home to environmental degradation and development projects. These are just some of the ways we might begin to think about home in international law. Moreover, that home and international law share certain characteristics encourages looking into the connections between them: both comprise a set of practices and discourses that aim to create a particular order in the world; both have a private and sentimental side; and both have at their heart a particular type of universality. 50 One just needs to begin to see things through the lens of home to be able to imagine these possibilities. To assist with this, in the next part of this chapter I turn to the wider literature and examine how home is conceptualised in fields outside of international law. In particular, I highlight the key themes that inform the definition of home I work with in this thesis.