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true cost

Assessing the true cost of design variations – a designer’s perspective

Assessing the true cost of design variations – a designer’s perspective

... The second cause of design variations identified was insufficient site investigations prior to the design stage of the project. Initial site investigations for local government projects include a topographical survey ...

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The true cost of the economic crisis on psychological well-being: a review

The true cost of the economic crisis on psychological well-being: a review

... help, cost-cutting measures in the health care sector lead to a (substantial) drop in the supply of services for the prevention, early detection, and cure of mental health ...

9

Expenditure patterns and welfare effects of inflation   estimates of a true cost of living index

Expenditure patterns and welfare effects of inflation estimates of a true cost of living index

... Drink Tobacco Clothing Fuel Petrol Durable Household Goods Transport Equipment Residual Expenditure... o Table 2: Comparison of the true index, base year utility level T B, with the Lasp[r] ...

9

A non-parametric bound on substitution bias in the UK retail prices index

A non-parametric bound on substitution bias in the UK retail prices index

... the cost of living increased between year t and 1997? Figures ...the true indices comparing each year with ...the cost-of-living increase from 1981 to 1997, measured by RPI* and the true ...

36

Cogeneration of Electric Energy: the Case of Pulp and Paper Mills

Cogeneration of Electric Energy: the Case of Pulp and Paper Mills

... In this case, it is quite easy to recognize that the true cost to society of cogenerated energy is its direct cost to the pulp and paper firm plus the "externality" that comes fr[r] ...

17

Moral Hazard in Health Insurance: Are Consumer-Directed Plans the Answer?

Moral Hazard in Health Insurance: Are Consumer-Directed Plans the Answer?

... hazard and the disconnect between the true cost of medical care and the cost borne out-of-pocket by employees"1' Because employers, on average, pay 81% of the total [r] ...

24

How Elastic Demand Affects Bidding Strategy in Electricity Market: An Auction Approach

How Elastic Demand Affects Bidding Strategy in Electricity Market: An Auction Approach

... the true private cost and winning probability that are computed from bidding quantity, transmission cost and demand ...the true cost, the higher the optimal bidding ...

11

A true measure of dependence

A true measure of dependence

... conditional mutual information through transfer entropy and is used for directed information and causality detection in dynamic systems and time series analysis (Hlaváčková-Schindler et al., 2007). But it still cannot ...

11

In-hospital costs of an admission for adhesive small bowel obstruction

In-hospital costs of an admission for adhesive small bowel obstruction

... a cost-effectiveness model for adhe- sion barriers ...are cost effective in high risk proce- dures such as colorectal ...of cost-effectiveness of adhesion barriers should also count for other ...

8

An attempt to define the discount rate in the light of the type of investment project

An attempt to define the discount rate in the light of the type of investment project

... Public investments can be defined as projects that change social wellbeing. They are projects that are financed from a public source and aim at satisfying social needs. The inputs and outputs of the project can be both ...

6

Welfare-improving ambiguity in insurance markets with asymmetric information

Welfare-improving ambiguity in insurance markets with asymmetric information

... utility cost of under- or overinsurance strictly dominates the monetary benefit of the lower per-unit ...the cost of separation prohibitively high for the ...

11

CAD Based Method for Detection of Breast Cancer

CAD Based Method for Detection of Breast Cancer

... The proposed work is a true effort towards building a comprehensive low cost solution which not only analyses the visual signs of mammogram for detection of abnormaliti[r] ...

15

Customer service vs. Patient care

Customer service vs. Patient care

... There is no getting past the fact that healthcare is a business and that the economic cost of providing healthcare will always have to be considered in seeking solutions to the healthcare crisis. From a purely ...

5

Economic profit, NPV, and CAPM: Biases and violations of Modigliani and Miller's Proposition I

Economic profit, NPV, and CAPM: Biases and violations of Modigliani and Miller's Proposition I

... For one-period investments under certainty, the Net Present Value (NPV) of an investment represents economic profit. Under uncertainty, a widespread method to value an asset (and thus to compute a NPV) is to discount ...

16

Changes in relative consumer prices and the substitution bias of the Laspeyres price index: Ireland, 1985 2001

Changes in relative consumer prices and the substitution bias of the Laspeyres price index: Ireland, 1985 2001

... In contrast with these results, Irvine and McCarthy (1978, p. 160) find growth of the cost of living to be related positively to income, but the excess growth rate for the highest income group, compared with the ...

28

The role of information provision as a policy instrument to supplement environmental taxes: Empowering consumers to choose optimally

The role of information provision as a policy instrument to supplement environmental taxes: Empowering consumers to choose optimally

... We derive the optimal paths for the two policy instruments and the optimal steady states. We show that, under the assumptions of the model, two optimal steady states exist at the maximum, from which only one is stable. ...

27

Addressing the impact of environmental uncertainty in plankton model calibration with a dedicated software system: the Marine Model Optimization Testbed (MarMOT 1.1 alpha)

Addressing the impact of environmental uncertainty in plankton model calibration with a dedicated software system: the Marine Model Optimization Testbed (MarMOT 1.1 alpha)

... It is clear that a thorough investigation of the impact of un- certainty in all factors that contribute to uncertainty in plank- ton model simulations is a high priority. The associated data management issues, in ...

28

Animation: A True Art

Animation: A True Art

... Throughout the episode there were several occasions in which the lights flashed for about 15- 20 seconds. In an article on wired.com, Brandon Keim mentions that “[s]eizures are triggered by light flashing between 5 and ...

8

Is Modern Paganism True?

Is Modern Paganism True?

... distinguishes the individual members of each kind from one another. But it is not itself intelligible. It is true that we can understand the parts of a thing, but that is only because the parts themselves have a ...

33

Neutrino: A True Particle?

Neutrino: A True Particle?

... They constitute the properties or characteristic, that together with the energy are used for the justification of the new particle, ie, neutrino. The total angular momentum of the proton and neutron together is 0 or 1, ...

5

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