[PDF] Top 20 Calpain 1 and 2 Are Required for RNA Replication of Echovirus 1
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Calpain 1 and 2 Are Required for RNA Replication of Echovirus 1
... for calpain 1 and 2, called calpeptin, and showed that it caused significant blocking of EV1 infection in cells ...vesicles 2 h ...viral RNA polymerase 3D ...of calpain ... See full document
10
The influenza A virus PB2 polymerase subunit is required for the replication of viral RNA.
... indeed required for replicative synthesis, it would be predicted that the accu- mulation of vRNA should also need the presence of PB2 protein in the reconstituted system in ...viral replication system was ... See full document
5
Peanut Clump Virus RNA-1-Encoded P15 Regulates Viral RNA Accumulation but Is Not Abundant at Viral RNA Replication Sites
... itive-strand RNA viruses must first serve as ...viral RNA from the infecting ...of RNA helicases and RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (2, 8, 9, 22) are the only viral proteins ... See full document
8
Interplay of RNA Elements in the Dengue Virus 5′ and 3′ Ends Required for Viral RNA Replication
... UTR RNA is recognized only in the presence of the 5 ⬘ end sequence (16, ...SLA RNA element and the presence of 5 ⬘ -3 ⬘ CS and UAR complementarity, but not the primary sequence, are absolutely essential ... See full document
16
Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 Are Required for Production of Infectious Pseudorabies Virus
... and RNA viruses. PRV infection causes a robust in- crease in COX-2 mRNA and protein ...viral replication is quite sensitive to the total level of cyclooxygenase activity in the ...viral ... See full document
11
DDX3 DEAD-Box RNA Helicase Is Required for Hepatitis C Virus RNA Replication
... HCV RNA was monitored by real-time LightCycler PCR ...K1609E RNA (2 g) was transfected into the DDX3 knockdown Oc cells (DDX3i#3) or the Oc cells transduced with a control lentivirus vector ... See full document
5
TNPO3 Is Required for HIV-1 Replication after Nuclear Import but prior to Integration and Binds the HIV-1 Core
... HIV-1 2-LTR circles 24 h postinfection ...of 2-LTR circles in TNPO3 ...of 2-LTR circles due to its defect on nuclear import ...is required for HIV-1 infection after PIC nuclear ... See full document
6
Peroxiredoxin 1 Is Required for Efficient Transcription and Replication of Measles Virus
... genome replication of MeV-Ed in mouse neuroblastoma cells (30, 31) and enhances the viral manipulation and patho- genicity of MeV-Ed in a transgenic mouse model of measles encephalitis ...viral RNA ... See full document
7
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 TAR element revertant viruses define RNA structures required for efficient viral gene expression and replication.
... TAR RNA reversions had a response to tat differ- ent from that of each original TAR ...from 2 21 to 1 80 were inserted into a wild-type HIV-1 fragment extending from 2 177 to 2 ... See full document
8
Genes Required for Replication of the 15.5-Kilobase RNA Genome of a Plant Closterovirus
... putative RNA helicase domain encoded by ORF 1a was introduced by filling (47) a unique AvrII restriction site located at nucleotide 6,420 ...and RNA helicase domains in the ORF 1a product; POL, putative ... See full document
7
A new cis-acting element for RNA replication within the 5' noncoding region of poliovirus type 1 RNA.
... poliovirus RNA contains signals important for virus-specific RNA replication and ...(nt 1 to 88) and the remaining structure (downstream of nt 120) are for viral RNA synthesis and viral ... See full document
8
Non structural protein 1 is required for West Nile virus replication complex formation and viral RNA synthesis
... and 1% low melting agarose was overlaid and incubated an additional 3 days for plaque forming assay or DMEM containing final 4% FBS and 1% methyl- cellulose was overlaid and incubated for one day for the ... See full document
14
ADP Ribosylation Factor 1 Plays an Essential Role in the Replication of a Plant RNA Virus
... is required for the assembly of the viral replicase com- ...The replication of ( ⫹ )RNA viruses proceeds through many steps, including translation of viral replication proteins, forma- tion of ... See full document
14
Echovirus 1 replication, not only virus binding to its receptor, VLA-2, is required for the induction of cellular immediate-early genes.
... during echovirus 1 infection in a human osteogenic sarcoma (HOS) cell ...first replication cycle of the virus. Echovirus 1 uses VLA-2 integrin as its cellular receptor, and ... See full document
5
HIV 1 encoded antisense RNA suppresses viral replication for a prolonged period
... by RNA extraction. The results of antisense strand-specific RT-PCR at R8 region revealed that the majority of HIV-1 asRNAs was enriched in the nuclear fractions in both cell lines, whereas the sense strand ... See full document
17
An Extended Stem-Loop 1 Is Necessary for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Replication and Affects Genomic RNA Encapsidation
... at 2 days posttransfection. HIV-2 capsid protein levels in the medium ...FIG. 1. 5 ⬘ leader region of HIV-2 ROD genomic RNA and mutations in the encapsidation ...stem-loop 1, the ... See full document
8
Dependence of Coronavirus RNA Replication on an NH2-Terminal Partial Nonstructural Protein 1 in cis
... DI RNA replication, whereas mutations that change the codons but keep the WT amino acids enable ...supported replication of the BCoV WT DI RNA ...strain 2 (accession numberAF201929); ... See full document
15
The Long Noncoding RNA HEAL Regulates HIV 1 Replication through Epigenetic Regulation of the HIV 1 Promoter
... was incubated with the chromatin fraction of uninfected or HIV-1-infected MT4 T cells, and the RNA was then pulled down with streptavidin-conjugated beads (Fig. S2A). DNA coprecipitated with HEAL or lacZ ... See full document
18
Complete all required information on pages 1, 2, 3.
... as required by applicable law or applicable operating rules, provided that FIS shall refund to Merchant the correct transaction amount of an erroneous or fraudulent transaction where such erroneous or fraudulent ... See full document
8
Identification of a Divalent Metal Cation Binding Site in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) ICP8 Required for HSV Replication
... virus 1 (HSV-1) ICP8 is a single-stranded DNA-binding protein that is necessary for viral DNA replication and exhibits recombinase activity in ...the replication of an ICP8 mutant virus in a ... See full document
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