[PDF] Top 20 Climate of the Greenland ice sheet using a high-resolution climate model – Part 2: Near-surface climate and energy balance

... The near-surface temperature over the ice sheet is af- fected by surface elevation, latitude, longitude, large-scale and small-scale advection, occurrence of summer melt and mesoscale ... See full document

... the surface and the sur- face ...daily model output with the K-transect obser- vations reveals a too early decrease and a too late increase in modelled α, ranging from only a few days up to weeks ...glacier ... See full document

... The model used here is the regional climate model MAR coupled to the 1-D Surface Vegetation Atmosphere Trans- fer scheme SISVAT (Soil Ice Snow Vegetation Atmosphere ...atmospheric ... See full document

... with ice sheet models (ISMs), which solve the Stokes equations in complete or ap- proximate ...based energy balance schemes in regional climate models (RCMs) such as MAR (Modèle ... See full document

... Atmospheric Climate MOdel version 2 (RACMO2 hereafter; Van Meijgaard et ...the HIgh Reso- lution Limited Area Model (HIRLAM) (Undén et ...Forecasts model (ECMWF cycle 23r4, ... See full document

... recent surface mass loss may not be unprecedented in the 100-yr Greenland climate ...the surface mass balance (SMB) through the entire previ- ous century has been made by Fettweis et ... See full document

... same climate reanalysis data have been used to force four different models in order to estimate Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance and its ...the ice sheet ... See full document

... the ice sheet surface ...must balance adequate represen- tation of the processes in MAR with ease of implementation for widespread use by ice sheet ...provide ice ... See full document

... Eurasian ice sheet through the Early Weichselian (90 kyr ...simulations using AGCM climate with and without the influence of ice- dammed lakes, applying the reconstructed climate ... See full document

... regional climate models (RCMs) – HadRM3P, HIRHAM5, MAR and RACMO2 – have been run for the area of Greenland to produce results for the recent past, forced by common sets of boundary conditions which were ... See full document

... southern ice sheet margin, where the 50 km topography is generally too high compared to the 25 km surface height, the MAR simulation with the 25st simulation was unable to reproduce the ... See full document

... km 2 ), including only a narrow band of oceanic pixels around the ...km 2 ) and extends 300 km further from the ice sheet margins in the northward and southward directions, 550 km eastwards ... See full document

... (figure 2), with a pronounced peak in numbers in spring to early ...sea ice [12] and varying travel paths ...from Greenland [12], as well as climate fluctuations over the northwest ...Sea ... See full document

... Coupled climate–ice sheet simulations have been growing in popularity in recent ...as ice sheets evolve over multi- millennial timescales, which is beyond the practical integra- tion limit of ... See full document

... of high-resolution ( ∼ 20 km) at- mospheric climate models limit maximum simulation peri- ods to ...an ice sheet model and a cli- mate model is not feasible at present for ... See full document

... Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is the largest reservoir of fresh water on the planet and has the potential to raise global sea level by about ...sea surface tem- perature, ocean salinity, and thermohaline ... See full document

... of surface melt enhanced by more frequent warm air masses advection along the western coast of Greenland by the anticyclones centred over the ice sheet (gauged by negative NAO indexes as shown ... See full document

... and surface temperature of all AWSs as a func- tion of the observed ...(r 2 ) and average bias (b), also denoted in Table ...r 2 ' 0.27). Both model cycles generally underestimate high ... See full document

... GrIS near-surface climate and surface mass balance, data from the Royal Netherlands Meteorolog- ical Institute (KNMI) regional atmospheric climate model version ...polar ... See full document

... of ice sheets include Fyke et ...GrIS surface mass balance will increase in a warmer climate due to increased ablation area, and Roe and O’Neal (2009), who found that large fluctuations in ... See full document