[PDF] Top 20 Comparison of early stage quantity estimation methods

... the early-stage design phase account for 70-80% of the total ...Therefore, early-stage cost estimation is decisive for the future success of a ...cost estimation. Multiple ... See full document

... According to Cheung & Skitmore (2006), clients are generally eager to know the probable building price in early design stage for budgeting purposes. Clients see architects as the project leader; thus, ... See full document

... As HIFU technology becomes more widespread, there is an increasing need to minimise calibration uncertainties, and to standardise characterisation techniques for the wide range of clinical and research devices available. ... See full document

... With the continuous improvement of endoscop- ic diagnosis technology, the endoscopic results are usually used as the diagnostic basis for gastrointestinal tumors. The clear image pre- sented by endoscopy is greatly ... See full document

... controlled use of solar energy will be awesome. In our country, due to the availability of the eternal solar energy that is extremely available in the harvest of most crops, and more decentralized agriculture and rural ... See full document

... with stage I seminoma following orchiectomy (National Comprehensive Cancer Network [NCCN] guide- lines ...for stage I disease with pT1 and pT2 tumors and that do not involve the spermatic cord, that ... See full document

... the methods against outliers, we randomly generate different percentages of outliers (P= 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and ...simulation methods are compared using the criteria of estimation method ... See full document

... As designed, there were significant differences in the average weights of the mice due to either strain or feed status (P < 0.001). The control mice in experiment #1 averaged 17.9 g ± 1.2 g STD, significantly lower ... See full document

... clear comparison between estimates from several conventional petrophysical methods and actual laboratory measured data of 76 core samples showed very large estimation errors; therefore an attempt has ... See full document

... The application of skeletal assessment in forensic age estimation during legal proceedings has become an important f forensic medicine (Schmeling et al., 2008). The African Society of Forensic Medicine stated that ... See full document

... Early Function Points (EFP) and Extended Function Points (XFP) were proposed by Meli [5], to anticipate for the need of software size estimate at the early stage of the development life ...The ... See full document

... the methods with respect to their demographic characteristics, they were nevertheless all drawn from one specific target group, that is, university ...TA methods in this research were only applied to ... See full document

... In general, GPS TEC is calculated with the so-called geometry-free linear combination of two frequencies (L1– L2). Hardware biases are usually determined in a relative aspect because they remain in the ionospheric TEC ... See full document

... several methods for detection of animal trypanosomiasis, including parasitological, immunological and molecular methods, with varying advantages and disadvantages depending on the stage of disease at ... See full document

... cancellation stage, our scheme differs from the one in [4] and ...channel estimation errors as well as the impact of prop- agation ...channel estimation errors nor error ...cancellation stage ... See full document

... grouping methods for re- gionalizing FDC characteristics is unknown, we here assess the relative performance of three approaches: (i) contiguous regions obtained manually from expertise; (ii) regions ob- tained ... See full document

... aging estimation method to replace chronological age (CA). The common methods used for BA estimation include the multiple linear regression (MLR), the principal component analysis (PCA), the ... See full document

...  Investment funds that apply for an Early Stage SBIC License commit to invest at least 50% of their capital into SBA-defined “early stage” companies.  The Early Stage application pro[r] ... See full document

... Interpolation is a method or mathematical function that estimates the values at locations where no measured values are available. Spatial interpolation assumes the attribute data are continuous over space. This allows ... See full document

... that methods remain incomparable directly, find which of them would need less spatial data to achieve results sup- posedly more reliable (obtained in a better data scenario), it is feasible, and so comparing them ... See full document