[PDF] Top 20 Potential Pulsed Electrodeposition of CuInSe2 Thin Films

... The photoelectrochemical performance of the electrochemically grown CISe layers has been explored using a liquid-junction in a photoelectrochemical system under white illumination for films obtained with the PP ... See full document

... 2 thin films are very important semiconductor material for solar cell applications because of chemical stability, direct band gap and high optical absorption ...2 films prepared using different ... See full document

... alloy thin films were deposited by electrodeposition method on the copper substrate at different temperature ...Ni-Co-W thin films were ...coated films were studied by Vickers ... See full document

... probable potential for deposition was determined as ...the thin film was determined base on the measurement by using UV-Vis ...the thin film is around 1.21 eV. As a result, the deposited CIS ... See full document

... a potential difference across the conductor in direction perpendicular to the direction of each of the current and magnetic field, this potential is called the Hall voltage(V H ) ,this voltage also ... See full document

... were thin polycrystal- line films with [Cu]/[InþGa] ratios smaller that ...of potential fluctuations dramatically reduces the infor- mation which can be gained from ... See full document

... When sodium citrate did not added in the electrolyte, the reduction peak of silver was clearly detected at E ¼ 600 mV, and the reduction of nickel observed at the more negative potential (E ¼ 820 mV). The ... See full document

... AlSe thin films were electrosynthesized by electrochemical co-deposition ...of thin films were studied through the Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) while the structural features through ... See full document

... Cu thin films pH is varied in the range from 3 to ...these films showed surfaces with a spongy looking texture as shown in ...cathode potential increases and hence more copper gets ... See full document

... alloy thin films were deposited by electrodeposition method on the copper substrate at 30˚C ...Ni-Fe-S thin films were ...coated films were studied by Vickers hardness ...Ni-Fe-S ... See full document

... Since electrolyte 1 did not give satisfying results, another route was tried. A new electrolyte was made containing no sulfur (electrolyte 2); the sulfur was only introduced during the annealing process. Because of the ... See full document

... Sn thin films have recently gained immense attention as a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries owing to their low cost and high specific capacity ...Sn thin film anodes suffer from ... See full document

... The electrochemical deposition and polarization experiments were carried out in Open circuit conventional three electrode cell galvanostatically. Mild steel plates (1cm x 1cm) were used as counter as well as working ... See full document

... band potential and increase in carrier concentration of CIS thin films (Giulio at et ...band potential is determined by extrapolation to C = 0 which are in Table ...band potential ... See full document

... CIGS thin films became large and a (1 1 2)-preferred orientation was enhanced by the LAD ...photo-assisted electrodeposition has been used to help in forming smooth and dense CIS films ...to ... See full document

... step pulsed DC magnetron sputtering process at room ...that films have preferred growth in the (112) ...the films were shown to exhibit p-type conductivity and were pin-hole ...free. Films ... See full document

... Statistical surface growth models are generally expressed by Langevin-type equations including the noise [13] that plays an important role in phase transition. When the noise is independent of time and a function of film ... See full document

... Figure 8 shows the variation of extinction coefficient (k) as a function of photon energy. The behavior of (k) is nearly similar to the corresponding absorption coefficient (α) because of the extinction coefficient ... See full document

... continuous thin films, fabricated by fs-PLD, it is necessary to include some sort of back- ground gas to widen the plasma plume and therefore evenly deposit over a substrate ... See full document

... ⬃ 22 K. In the ex situ process, the highest T c is obtained by magnesiating pure boron films, rather than films made from MgB 2 target. This suggests that a careful study of reaction and diffusion kinetics ... See full document