[PDF] Top 20 A Review of Explanation and Explanation in Case Based Reasoning

... Rule Based Reasoning ...and case-based explanation, once with prediction and rule-based explanation and once with predictions only with no ...and case-based ... See full document

... From the start, AI research (Turing 1950, Minsky 1961) has often attempted to replicate problem- solving techniques in computers in a similar manner to how humans perform problem-solving. Neural Networks are mathematical ... See full document

... As we acknowledged in N ugent, C unningham and Doyle (2005) providing explanations can m ain tain confidence b u t if th e underlying system is inaccurate confidence will be lost regardless of these efforts. A fundam ... See full document

... a Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) system that sup- ports its reasoning with explanations of this ...an explanation made up of a previous case that is selected to be the optimum ... See full document

... the explanation of symmetry-breaking exclusively by previously existing local asymmetry is not appro- ...gradient-based explanation is that molecular events are not ... See full document

... better. Explanation-aware computing (ExaCt) is the vision of software systems being smart in interactions with their users ...[3]. Explanation-aware Software Design (EASD) aims at making software systems ... See full document

... of Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is the potential to use retrieved cases to explain ...contain explanation patterns ...the case similarity is the basis for explanation has received ... See full document

... As a domain-independent MR system is complicated and difficult to build, the math word problem (MWP) (Mukherjee & Garain, 2008) is chosen as the first task to study MR for the following reasons: (1) Since the answer ... See full document

... Since Big Data mainly aims to explore the correlation between surface features but not their underlying causality relationship, the Big Mechanism 2 program has been proposed by DARPA to find out “why” behind the “Big ... See full document

... a reasoning mechanism that supports ...incorporating explanation patterns in ...knowledge-intensive explanation in CBR. However, of more interest here is case-based explanation ... See full document

... a case from biology—in line with my later examples—Marcel Weber (2005, ...scientific case it would have made problematic normative suggestions about theory ...assigned. Based on the practice of ... See full document

... sufficient explanation of N remains even if a regress of normative explanation is explicitly ruled ...the case, I ought to ...an explanation of a normative fact leaves the explanation ... See full document

... grounding. Renormalization Theory really has the first virtue but lacks the second. Those who are greatly struck by its lack of the second virtue are prone to say it is not really an explanatory theory at all. In so ... See full document

... Attention mechanisms have seen wide adop- tion in neural NLP models. In addition to improving predictive performance, these are often touted as affording transparency: mod- els equipped with attention provide a distribu- ... See full document

... idence against attention as explanation in these cases. We next (§3.3) examine the expected vari- ance in attention-produced weights by initializ- ing multiple training sequences with different ran- dom seeds, ... See full document

... livelihoods. Explanation is a practise that cuts across scientific disciplines and extends far beyond the ...scientific explanation as a topic of study in its own ...scientific explanation we may ... See full document

... partial explanation are probabilistic, how much is the outcome due to them and how much to simple chance? Should a definition incorporate both aspects? Can they even be separated? What is the role of contrasts? ... See full document

... then based on a set o f parallel lines whose slopes are the same o f the one computed for the specific problem, based on the prior class probabilities and the assigned misclassification ... See full document

... There is an ongoing debate about the analytic/synthetic distinction, some arguing that it is not a black and white dis- tinction but more a question of degree (Quine, 1953). While Quine’s arguments are concerned with ... See full document

... your explanation is pitched towards a knowledgeable listener (just like you), and the person lacks the level of knowledge you have assumed, your explanation will ... See full document