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The Secondary Structure of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transcript Modulates Viral Splicing and Infectivity
... FIG. 1. A) Schematic representation of the main HIV-1 RNA ...the viral genes is indicated on the map on top. The viral genomic ( ⬃ 9-kb unspliced) mRNA shows the location of 5 ⬘ ss and 3 ⬘ ss ... See full document
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Role of Invariant Thr80 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Structure, Function, and Viral Infectivity
... the virus as a whole, the SpIn of each variant was ...T80N virus was not infectious. However, the T80S virus and the T80V virus were within twofold of the infectiousness of the WT virus ... See full document
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UPF1 Is Crucial for the Infectivity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Progeny Virions
... into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles and exhibits potent antiviral activity when overexpressed in virus-producing cells ...into viral ... See full document
9
CDK13, a New Potential Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Inhibitory Factor Regulating Viral mRNA Splicing
... the infectivity of the virus. To that end, we collected viral supernatant from cells transfected with pNL4-3 and pNL4-3 (K50, 51A), and infected Magi cells with different concentrations of the ... See full document
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Mutations in the kissing-loop hairpin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reduce viral infectivity as well as genomic RNA packaging and dimerization.
... in splicing (Fig. 5) and displayed an ability for minus-strand viral DNA synthesis that was at least as good as normal ...in splicing (consistent with ...of viral genomic RNA within COS-7 ... See full document
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Maintenance of the Gag/Gag-Pol Ratio Is Important for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Dimerization and Viral Infectivity
... of viral protein within virion-producing cells and virion ...Intracellular viral protein ...in 1⫻ TBS containing ...with 1⫻ TBST buffer, the membrane was incubated with anti-human ... See full document
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Dissociation of the CD4 downregulation and viral infectivity enhancement functions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef.
... of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 augments rather than inhibits viral replication in both cell culture and in vivo ...of infectivity and the downregulation of CD4 ... See full document
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Role for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Membrane Cholesterol in Viral Internalization
... the viral membrane, itself the result of the selective budding of this virus through lipid ...their structure and protein content. Further- more, the conserved infectivity of the ... See full document
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The central globular domain of the nucleocapsid protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is critical for virion structure and infectivity.
... of virus maturation (36a) that closely resembles the effect of the P31L ...immature viral particles resembling a protease-defective mutant virus (30, 37) were also observed with gag (27) and ... See full document
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Nef Enhances Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infectivity and Replication Independently of Viral Coreceptor Tropism
... the viral envelope glycoprotein to CD4 and subsequent interactions with G protein-coupled coreceptors, usually CCR5 (R5) or CXCR4 (X4) (reviewed in reference ...support virus-cell fusion or change the ... See full document
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Alternative splicing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mRNA modulates viral protein expression, replication, and infectivity.
... Since the mRNAs using the competing SA4a, SA4b, SA4c, and SA5 splice sites are multicistronic, potentially coding several proteins from each mRNA 15, 48, 49, we examined the effect of al[r] ... See full document
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RNA Structure Modulates Splicing Efficiency at the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Major Splice Donor
... The splicing event was con- firmed by cDNA sequencing, indicating that the HIV-1 5 ⬘ SD is joined to a cryptic 3 ⬘ SA at position 570 in the luciferase mRNA ...that splicing occurs on the luciferase ... See full document
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Target Cell Cyclophilin A Modulates Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infectivity
... The experiments presented here render the original hypoth- esis unlikely and show that target cell CypA interaction with HIV-1 CA is important for viral infectivity. We were, in fact, unable to ... See full document
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Effect of Altering the tRNAConcentration in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 upon Its Annealing to Viral RNA, GagPol Incorporation, and Viral Infectivity
... analysis. Viral particles were purified as described above, and viral proteins were extracted with radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer (10 mM Tris, pH ...NaCl; 1% sodium deoxycholate; 0.1% sodium ... See full document
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The importance of the A-rich loop in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription and infectivity.
... manner dependent on a posttranscriptionally modified nucle- oside 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine at position 34 of the tRNA (11, 26). The function of this interaction in viral DNA synthesis and virus ... See full document
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag Polyprotein Modulates Its Own Translation
... effect on translation from the HIV-1 5 ⬘ UTR. Figure 2A shows two mutant Gag proteins, in addition to wild-type Gag, de- signed such that their RNA-binding activity would be dis- rupted. The nucleocapsid ... See full document
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Acetylated Tat Regulates Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Splicing through Its Interaction with the Splicing Regulator p32
... RNA splicing, an area that has not been extensively ...regulate splicing by inhibiting the activity of splicing factor 2 (ASF/SF-2) and to inhibit excessive splic- ing of the HIV-1 RNA ...of ... See full document
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Truncation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein cytoplasmic domain blocks virus infectivity.
... Deletions of 42 or more amino acids for BH10 mutants or of 67 or more amino acids for HXB2 mutants from the C terminus of gp4l completely block the ability of mutant virus to infect targ[r] ... See full document
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Wild-Type Levels of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infectivity in the Absence of Cellular Emerin Protein
... A recent study (13) suggests this might occur via differential engagement of specific host cell factors (reviewed in reference 20). The barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF), a small, non- specific DNA-binding protein, ... See full document
7
Positive and Negative Modulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Rev Function by cis and trans Regulators of Viral RNA Splicing
... Effect of SR proteins on Rev subcellular localization and shuttling. One means by which the SR proteins could alter Rev function is through changes in Rev localization or abundance. To test these possibilities, the ... See full document
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