[PDF] Top 20 State Variables in Granular Materials: an Investigation of Volume and Stress Fluctuations.

... decreasing fluctuations with increasing volume ...free volume, with the first two moments set by φ ...in granular systems, P ( s ) has the advantage of being closely related to the radial ... See full document

... to volume in the Edwards ensemble), and angoricity A ^ (conjugate to the stress tensor in the stress ensemble), in a laboratory granular system using particle-scale character- ...two ... See full document

... of granular materials. In particular, we consider where granular materials and molecular matter part company, which involves open questions of relevant ...in granular systems can be ... See full document

... the stress equations (6) in terms of the Sokolovskii ...of variables has the unfortunate side effect of destroying the conservation form of the equations, losing in this way the ability to compute shocks in ... See full document

... of state (EOS). In this work we present a meso-mechanical model for granular materials based on a simple representation of the grains as solid ... See full document

... We generate an initial guess for each force magnitude f by first applying the gradient squared method from Eq. (1) in Section III to the entire disk. We then distribute this total force among the z contacts in proportion ... See full document

... The results of the watershed segmentation for one slice image using both watershed approaches are shown in Figure 5a and Figure 5b respectively, and each region has associated to it a di[r] ... See full document

... relation between slip stress and slip speed. Within the preliminary work it is simply implemented, while in the two-dimensional finite element calculations it is prescribed as a natural boundary condition, which ... See full document

... Food materials are very complicated biological materials – they have complex chemical composition (proteins, lipids, saccharides, additive components), structure, phase (food or their components are ... See full document

... plants in various industries, 22 that were based primarily on liquids-processing technology and 38 on solids-processing technology. On average, the liquids-processing plants produced at 84% of design capacity while the ... See full document

... condition comes from requiring that the solution be regular there; the other boundary condition comes from (2.11). Thus, the stresses are determined as the solution of a two-point boundary-value problem. (In axial ... See full document

... 15 contacts with larger areas (darker bins) tend to have more horizontal orientations; this holds true for both CNV and BV for the reconstituted sample and for the CNV of the intact samples. This trend is not observed ... See full document

... effective stress 300 kPa and relative density after consolidation ...effective stress varied from 300 kPa to 340 kPa under the isotropically and anisotropically conditions, ...and stress path, thus ... See full document

... macro variables near points x and ...cycle fluctuations are consequence of these ...cycle fluctuations of particular macro variable as oscillations of “ mean risk ” of this economic variable on ... See full document

... (21) Substituting the stress function Eq. (21) into Eq. (18), and also using the boundary conditions Eqs. (19) and (20), the coefficients A can be derived as: A    ~ . The stresses can be determined as ... See full document

... driven granular material, examining the dependence on boundary conditions (constant pressure, CP, and constant volume, CV) and the inter-particle friction coefficient μ ... See full document

... well-defined state variables. For these experiments, we use a quasi 2D granular mate- rial levitated on an air cushion to eliminate basal fric- ...whether state variables equilibrate ... See full document

... containment surface on temperature distributions and stress-state parameters, another finite-element model of the containment was developed (Fig. 2), which possessed 2 finite-element layers at the outer ... See full document

... The largest available source of freshwater is the underground water (Ariyo et al., 2005) which accounts for about 98% of freshwater globally (Bouwer, 2002). Availability of groundwater in basement complex area depends on ... See full document

... homogeneous materials generally used in experimental mechanics, the granular mate- rial as studied in geomechanics poses additional ...The stress-optic law is equally applicable in plane-strain ... See full document