Surface Waters of Songsong Group of Islands Using an Optically Derived Remote Sensing Model
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Department of Marine Parks Malaysia, Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia for the invitation to—and funding of this project (Mini Ekspedisi Pelayaran Saintifik 2012 Bagi Zon Barat); and members of the Marine Science Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, USM for their kind time, effort and immeasurable dedication to the work.
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55 Multivitamins, minerals and food supplements are used as health products all over the world — for children
with Rickets in Nigeria (Thacher et al. 1999), for human
immunodeficiency virus patients in Tanzania (Fawzi
et al. 2004), for health conscious adults in United States
of America (Radimer et al. 2004), and for athletes in
Norway (Sundgot-Borgen et al. 2003) and in the United
Kingdom (Nieper 2005); for health promotion and illness
prevention in Malaysia (Aziz & Tev 2009), and for patients
with cancer and cardiovascular disease in China (Blot et al.
1993) and Japan (Ishihara et al. 2003). Health products
cater to these populations’ individual needs to achieve a qualitative life.
This study aims to evaluate self care (Orem 1991)
using health products in achieving the six domains of the
Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) — physical, psychological, level of independence, social, environmental
and spiritual/religion.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2004), the six domains of the HRQOL are somehow
affected by five extrinsic factors — age and location of residency, gender, health status and ethnicity/genetics — contributing to the usage of commercially prepared
multivitamins, minerals and food supplements.
On account of these issues, this study also aims to analyse the HRQOL’s six domains affected by the five
extrinsic factors.
The purpose of this meta-analysis study is to promote
the Self Care Theory (Orem 1991), beneficial for health
that analyses and evaluates quality of life (QOL) (WHO 2003/2010). According to Orem (1991), self-care is to
initiate time frames of lives in one’s own behalve based on
specific needs.
A Venn diagram is best used to illustrate the variables
and their logical relations to achieve a significant HRQOL (Figure 1). To explain further, gender, health status, age, location of residency and ethnicity/genetic factors are the
reasons behind the use food supplements, multivitamins and minerals as a demonstration of self care that can