Same 8 Hr TWA: 0.002 mg/m3 AL: 0.001mg/m3 8 Hr TWA: 0.5 ppm AL: 0.025 ppm STEL: 2.5 ppm
Same Same ACGIH sets a ceiling
limit at 0.3 ppm
Initial Monitoring For employees who are, or may reasonably be expected to be exposed to airborne concentrations at or above the TWA or EL
TWA: Representative samples for full-shift exposures for each shift and each employee in each job classification in each work area.
STEL: Representative samples for 30 minute exposures associated with operations that are most likely to produce exposures above EL for each shift and for each job classification in each work area
If documented objective data confirms exposures will not be above PEL initial monitoring is not required. Objective data shall represent the highest exposures likely to occur under reasonably foreseeable conditions.
Air samples that reflect the monitored employee's regular, daily 8-hour TWA exposure to cadmium.
TWA: Representative samples for full-shift exposures for each shift and each employee in each job classification in each work area. In
representative sampling, the employer shall sample the employee(s) expected to have the highest cadmium exposures.
If documented objective data confirms exposures will not be above PEL initial monitoring is not required. Objective data shall represent the highest exposures likely to occur under reasonably foreseeable conditions.
If initial monitoring is preformed and the results are below the AL, a confirmatory sample is required at least seven days later.
1910.1027(d)(3)(ii)
Air samples that are representative of each employee's average exposure to airborne benzene.
TWA: Representative 8- hour TWA employee exposures representing the full shift exposure for each job classification in each work area.
STEL: Samples during operations where there is reason to believe exposures are high. The use objective data, such as measurements from brief period measuring devices, can be used to determine where STEL monitoring is needed.
Initial monitoring must be conducted within 30 days of the introduction of benzene into the workplace.
Full shift personal samples shall be representative of the monitored employee's regular, daily exposure to lead. Representative sample should be of the employee(s) who are exposed to the greatest concentrations of lead.
Monitoring for the initial determination may be limited to a representative sample of the exposed employees who the employer reasonably believes are exposed to the greatest airborne concentrations of lead in the workplace.
When initial samples are positive (above the AL), at least one sample for each shift for each job classification is required.
Where a determination is made that no employee is exposed to airborne concentrations of lead at or above the action level, the employer shall make a written record of such
Air samples that are representative of each employee's exposure.
TWA: Air samples for at least one employee in each job classification in a work area during every work shift, and the employee sampled is expected to have the highest MC exposure.
STEL: The employer has taken one or more samples that indicate the highest likely 15-minute exposures during such operations for at least one employee in each job classification in the work area during every work shift.
If documented objective data confirms exposures will not be above PELs initial monitoring is not required. Objective data shall represent the highest exposures likely to occur under reasonably foreseeable conditions
Initial monitoring is not required if employees are exposed on fewer than 30 days per year and there is sufficient data, through the use of DRI, to determine exposures and what control measures are necessary.
For employees who are, or may reasonably be expected to be exposed to airborne concentrations at or above the TWA/STEL.
There must be sufficient exposures within each job classification for each workshift to correctly characterize and not underestimate the exposure of any employee within each exposure group.
If documented objective data confirms exposures will not be above PEL initial monitoring is not required. Objective data shall represent the highest exposures likely to occur under reasonably foreseeable conditions)
Asbestos (29 CFR 1910.1001) Cadmium (29 CFR 1910.1027) Benzene (29 CFR 1910.1028) Lead (29 CFR 1910.1025) Methylene Chloride (29 CFR 1910.1052) Formaldehyde (29 CFR 1910.1048) Monitoring Frequency If ≥ AL (or reasonably
expected to be) at least every 6 months If ≥ AL at least every 6 months If ≥ AL but ≤ PEL-TWA at least annually If > PEL-TWA at least every 6 months
Monitoring for the STEL shall be repeated as necessary to evaluate exposures of employees subject to short term exposures.
If ≥ AL but ≤ PEL-TWA at least every 6 months
If ≥ PEL-TWA at least quarterly
If < AL but ≥ PEL-STEL: monitor STEL quarterly
If ≥ AL and < PEL-TWA and ≤ PEL-STEL: monitor TWA every 6 months
If ≥ AL and ≤ PEL-TWA and > PEL-STEL: monitor TWA every 6 months and STEL quarterly
If > PEL-TWA and ≤ PEL-STEL: monitor TWA quarterly
If >AL at least every 6 months
If >PEL-STEL monitor at least annually under worst conditions Termination of Monitoring after Positive Result Sampling statistically indicates exposures < PEL-TWA/Excursion Limit
2 consecutive samples (at least 7 days apart) below the AL
2 consecutive samples (at least 7 days apart) below the AL/PEL-STEL
2 consecutive samples (at least 7 days apart) below the AL
2 consecutive samples (at least 7 days apart) below the AL/PEL-STEL
2 consecutive samples (at least 7 days apart) below the AL/PEL-STEL
Employee Notification (any monitoring)
15 working days after receipt of any results: notify each affected employee individually in writing or post in accessible location
15 working days after receipt of any results: notify each affected employee individually in writing and post in accessible location
15 working days after receipt of any results: notify each employee individually in writing or
post in accessible location
5 working days after receipt of any results: notify each employee in writing of the results that represent that employee's exposure.
15 working days after the receipt of any results: notify each affected employee individually in writing, or post in accessible location
15 days after receipt of any results: notify each affected employee by distributing copies of the results to the employees
or by posting the results in accessible location.
AF Notification Requirements
15 calendar days 15 calendar days 15 calendar days 5 working days 15 calendar days 15 calendar days
Additional Notification Requirements if results >PEL
Corrective action being taken to reduce exposure below the TWA/EL
Include in the written notice a statement that the PEL has been exceeded and corrective action being taken to reduce exposure below the PEL.
Corrective action being taken to reduce exposure below the PEL or refer to a document available to employees stating the corrective actions to be taken.
Include in the written notice a statement that the PEL has been exceeded and corrective action being taken to reduce exposure below the PEL.
Include in the written notice the corrective action being taken to reduce exposures below the PEL/STEL and the schedule for completion of this action.
Include in the written notice the corrective action being taken to reduce exposure below the PEL.
Written Program Where the PEL is exceeded, the employer shall establish and implement a written compliance program to reduce employee exposure to or below the PEL by means of engineering and work practice controls. To the extent that engineering and work practice controls cannot reduce exposures to or below the PEL, the employer shall include in the written compliance program the use of appropriate respiratory protection to achieve compliance with the PEL.
Specific PPE
Requirements if >PEL
At a minimum, RPP, coveralls, gloves, head covering, faceshields
At a minimum, RPP, coveralls, gloves, head covering, faceshields
None At a minimum, RPP, coveralls, gloves, head covering, faceshields
All Chemicals:
- Job rotation cannot be used to reduce employee exposures.
- Regulated area must be established when exposure levels are > PEL. Appropriate warning signs must be posted.
- The employer shall institute engineering controls and work practices to reduce and maintain employee exposure to or below the TWA/EL/STEL except to the extent that such controls are not feasible. Wherever the feasible engineering controls and work practices that can be instituted are not sufficient to reduce employee exposure to or below the PEL, the employer shall use them to reduce employee exposure to the lowest levels achievable by these controls and shall supplement them by the use of respiratory protection.
Cadmium:
- The requirement to implement engineering and work practice controls to achieve the PEL does not apply where the employer demonstrates the following: the employee is only intermittently exposed; and the employee is not exposed above the PEL on 30 or more days per year.
- Written compliance programs shall include at least the following: A description of each operation in which cadmium is emitted; description of the specific means that will be employed to achieve compliance; report of the technology considered in meeting the PEL; air monitoring data that document the sources of cadmium emissions; detailed schedule for implementation of the program, including documentation such as copies of purchase orders for equipment, construction contracts, etc.; work practice program; written plan for emergency situations; other relevant information. - Written compliance programs shall be reviewed and updated at least annually, or more often if necessary, to reflect significant changes in the employer's compliance status.
Benzene:
- Does not apply to the storage, transportation, distribution, dispensing, sale or use of gasoline, motor fuels, or other fuels containing benzene subsequent to its final discharge from bulk wholesale storage facilities, except that operations where gasoline or motor fuels are dispensed for more than 4 hours per day in an indoor location; storage, transportation, distribution or sale of benzene or liquid mixtures containing more than 0.1 percent benzene in intact containers while sealed in such a manner as to contain benzene vapors or liquid; containers and pipelines carrying mixtures with less than 0.1 percent benzene; work operations where the only exposure to benzene is from liquid mixtures containing 0.5 percent or less of benzene by volume
- The employer shall establish a regulated area wherever the airborne concentration of benzene exceeds or can reasonably be expected to exceed the permissible exposure limits, either the 8-hour time weighted average exposure of 1 ppm or the short-term exposure limit of 5 ppm for 15 minutes.
- Where the employer can document that benzene is used in a workplace less than a total of 30 days per year, the employer shall use engineering controls, work practice controls or respiratory protection or any combination of these controls to reduce employee exposure to benzene to or below the PELs, except that employers shall use engineering and work practice controls, if feasible, to reduce exposure to or below 10 ppm as an 8-hour TWA.
- When it can be documented that one shift consistently has higher exposures, it is only necessary to determine exposures on that particular shift (for the specific operation)
- The written program shall include a schedule for development and implementation of the engineering and work practice controls. These plans shall be reviewed and revised as appropriate based on the most recent exposure monitoring data, to reflect the current status of the program.
- Per AFOSHSTD 48-8, Atch 3, JP-4 contains <1% benzene and JP-8 <0.1% benzene. “Each fuel sample should include an analysis for the benzene component.” Lead:
- Where any employee is exposed above the PEL for > than 30 days per year, engineering and work practice controls will be implemented (including admin. controls) to reduce and maintain employee exposure to lead, except to the extent that the employer can demonstrate that such controls are not feasible.
- Where any employee is exposed to lead > PEL, but for 30 days or less per year, the employer shall implement engineering controls to reduce exposures to 0.2 mg/m3, but thereafter may implement any combination of engineering, work practice (including admin. controls), and respiratory controls to reduce and maintain employee exposure to lead to or below 0.05 mg/m3.
- Written plans for these compliance programs shall include at least the following: description of each operation in which lead is emitted; description of the specific means that will be employed to achieve compliance; report of the technology considered in meeting the permissible exposure limit; air monitoring data which documents the source of lead emissions;
detailed schedule for implementation of the program, including documentation such as copies of purchase orders for equipment, construction contracts, etc.; work practice program; administrative control schedule; other relevant information.
Methylene Chloride:
- Personal breathing zone air samples taken during one work shift may be used to represent employee exposures on other work shifts where the employer can document that the tasks performed and conditions in the workplace are similar across shifts.
- If it is reasonably foreseeable that employees' skin may contact solutions containing 0.1 percent or greater MC (for example, through splashes, spills or improper work practices), the employer shall provide conveniently located washing facilities capable of removing the MC, and shall ensure that affected employees use these facilities as needed.
- If it is reasonably foreseeable that an employee's eyes may contact solutions containing 0.1 percent or greater MC (for example through splashes, spills or improper work practices), the employer shall provide appropriate eyewash facilities within the immediate work area for emergency use, and shall ensure that affected employees use those facilities when necessary.
Formaldehyde:
- All contact of the eyes and skin with liquids containing 1 percent or more formaldehyde shall be prevented by the use of chemical protective clothing made of material impervious to formaldehyde and the use of other personal protective equipment, such as goggles and face shields, as appropriate to the operation.
- Representative samples for each job classification in each work area shall be taken for each shift unless the employer can document with objective data that exposure levels for a given job classification are equivalent for different work shifts.
- Where a face shield is worn, chemical safety goggles are also required if there is a danger of formaldehyde reaching the area of the eye.
- Full body protection shall be worn for entry into areas where concentrations exceed 100 ppm and for emergency reentry into areas of unknown concentration.
- If employees' skin may become splashed with solutions containing 1 percent or greater formaldehyde, for example, because of equipment failure or improper work practices, the employer shall provide conveniently located quick drench showers and assure that affected employees use these facilities immediately.
Attachment 4 Carcinogens Known Carcinogens
Aflatoxins
4-Aminobiphenyl
Analgesic Mixtures Containing Phenacetin Arsenic Compounds, Inorganic
Asbestos Azathioprine Benzene
Benzidine (See Benzidine and Dyes Metabolized to Benzidine) Beryllium and Beryllium Compounds
1,3-Butadiene
1,4-Butanediol Dimethylsulfonate (Myleran®) Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds
Chlorambucil
1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (MeCCNU) bis(Chloromethyl) Ether and Technical-Grade Chloromethyl Methyl Ether Chromium Hexavalent Compounds
Coal Tar Pitches Coal Tars
Coke Oven Emissions Cyclophosphamide
Cyclosporin A (Ciclosporin) Diethylstilbestrol
Dyes Metabolized to Benzidine Erionite
Ethylene Oxide Melphalan
Methoxsalen with Ultraviolet A Therapy (PUVA) Mineral Oils (Untreated and Mildly Treated) Mustard Gas
2-Naphthylamine Nickel Compounds Radon
Silica, Crystalline (Respirable Size) Solar Radiation
Soots
Strong Inorganic Acid Mists Containing Sulfuric Acid Tamoxifen
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD); “Dioxin” Thiotepa 231
Thorium Dioxide Vinyl Chloride Wood Dust
Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen
Acetaldehyde
2-Acetylaminofluorene Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Adriamycin® (Doxorubicin Hydrochloride) 2-Aminoanthraquinone
o-Aminoazotoluene
1-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone
2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) Amitrole
o-Anisidine Hydrochloride
Azacitidine (5-Azacytidine®, 5-AzaC) Benz[a]anthracene Benzo[b]fluoranthene Benzo[j]fluoranthene Benzo[k]fluoranthene Benzo[a]pyrene Benzotrichloride Bromodichloromethane
2,2-bis-(Bromoethyl)-1,3-propanediol (Technical Grade) Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA)
Carbon Tetrachloride
Ceramic Fibers (Respirable Size) Chloramphenicol
Chlorendic Acid
Chlorinated Paraffins (C12, 60% Chlorine) 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea bis(Chloroethyl) nitrosourea Chloroform 3-Chloro-2-methylpropene 4-Chloro-o-phenylenediamine Chloroprene
p-Chloro-o-toluidine and p-Chloro-o-toluidine Hydrochloride Chlorozotocin
C.I. Basic Red 9 Monohydrochloride Cisplatin p-Cresidine Cupferron Dacarbazine Danthron (1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) 2,4-Diaminoanisole Sulfate 2,4-Diaminotoluene Dibenz[a,h]acridine Dibenz[a,j]acridine
Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen (continued)
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1,2-Dibromoethane (Ethylene Dibromide) 2,3-Dibromo-1-propanol
tris(2,3-Dibromopropyl) Phosphate 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine and 3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine Dihydrochloride Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)
1,2-Dichloroethane (Ethylene Dichloride) Dichloromethane (Methylene Chloride) 1,3-Dichloropropene (Technical Grade) Diepoxybutane
Diesel Exhaust Particulates Diethyl Sulfate
Diglycidyl Resorcinol Ether 3,3’-Dimethoxybenzidine 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 3,3’-Dimethylbenzidine Dimethylcarbamoyl Chloride 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine Dimethyl Sulfate Dimethylvinyl Chloride 1,6-Dinitropyrene 1,8-Dinitropyrene 1,4-Dioxane Disperse Blue 1
Dyes Metabolized to 3,3’-Dimethoxybenzidine Dyes Metabolized to 3,3’-Dimethylbenzidine Epichlorohydrin Ethylene Thiourea di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate Ethyl Methanesulfonate Formaldehyde (Gas) Furan
Glasswool (Respirable Size) Glycidol
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomoers Hexachloroethane
Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen (continued)
Hexamethylphosphoramide Hydrazine and Hydrazine Sulfate Hydrazobenzene
Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene Iron Dextran Complex Isoprene
Kepone® (Chlordecone) Lead Acetate
Lead Phosphate
Lindane and Other Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers 2-Methylaziridine (Propylenimine)
5-Methylchrysene
4,4’-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)
4-4’-Methylenebis(N,N-dimethyl)benzenamine
4,4’-Methylenedianiline and 4,4’-Methylenedianiline Dihydrochloride Methyleugenol
Methyl Methanesulfonate
N-Methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine Metronidazole
Michler’s Ketone [4,4’-(Dimethylamino)benzophenone] Mirex
Nickel (Metallic) Nitrilotriacetic Acid
o-Nitroanisole 6-Nitrochrysene
Nitrofen (2,4-Dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether) Nitrogen Mustard Hydrochloride
2-Nitropropane 1-Nitropyrene 4-Nitropyrene N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine N-Nitrosodiethanolamine N-Nitrosodiethylamine N-Nitrosodimethylamine N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone N-Nitroso-N-methylurea N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine N-Nitrosomorpholine N-Nitrosonornicotine N-Nitrosopiperidine N-Nitrosopyrrolidine N-Nitrososarcosine
Reasonably Anticipated to be a Human Carcinogen (continued) Norethisterone Ochratoxin A 4,4’-Oxydianiline Oxymetholone Phenacetin Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride Phenolphthalein Phenoxybenzamine Hydrochloride Phenytoin Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBBs) Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Procarbazine Hydrochloride Progesterone 1,3-Propane Sultone β-Propiolactone Propylene Oxide Propylthiouracil Reserpine Safrole Selenium Sulfide Streptozotocin Styrene-7,8-oxide Sulfallate Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) Tetrafluoroethylene Tetranitromethane Thioacetamide Thiourea Toluene Diisocyanate
o-Toluidine and o-Toluidine Hydrochloride Toxaphene Trichloroethylene 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 1,2,3-Trichloropropane Urethane Vinyl Bromide 4-Vinyl-1-cyclohexene Diepoxide Vinyl Fluoride
Attachment 5
OSHA-Listed Known Carcinogens with no OEL
4-Nitrobiphenyl 29 CFR 1910.1003
Alpha-Naphthylamine 29 CFR 1910.1004
Methyl chloromethyl ether 29 CFR 1910.1006
3,3’-Dichlorobenzidine 29 CFR 1910.1007 Bis-chloromethyl ether 29 CFR 1910.1008 Beta-Naphthylamine 29 CFR 1910.1009 Benzidine 29 CFR 1910.1010 Aminodiphenyl 29 CFR 1910.1011 Ethyleneimine 29 CFR 1910.1012 Beta-Propiolactone 29 CFR 1910.1013 2-Acetylaminofluorene 29 CFR 1910.1014 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene 29 CFR 1910.1015 N-Nitrosodimethylamine 29 CFR 1910.1016
Attachment 6
Specifically Regulated Chemicals
SHOP Expanded Standard Chemical
Task Task
Fuels Bulk Storage Benzene Fuel Operations The presence of benzene in JP-8 is at a level specifically exempted by the OSHA standard. Remove this shop from the list once a document stating the above is present in the casefile in some form.
Fuel Distribution Benzene Fuel Operations The presence of benzene in JP-8 is at a level specifically exempted by the OSHA standard. Remove this shop from the list once a document stating the above is present in the casefile in some form.
Fuels Laboratory Benzene Fuel Operations The presence of benzene in JP-8 is at a level specifically exempted by the OSHA standard. Remove this shop from the list once a document stating the above is present in the casefile in some form.
Dental Clinic Methylene Chloride Adhesive Methylene chloride was present in Zap-It -- an adhesive used by the dental clinic that was removed from their inventory in 2003. Remove from your records.
Dental Clinic Formaldehyde Sample Preservation Shop utilizes pre-packaged preservation sollution containing formaldehyde. Minimal amounts are used and the most recent AF Form 2755 states that it isn't a significant hazard. I would recommend