• No results found

9 RECOMMENDATIONS

9.2 Recommendations for further study

9.2.3 Additional SCC related studies

Other studies that can add value to the knowledge area of SCC implementation in South Africa are:

106 | Self-compacting concrete versus normal compacting concrete: A techno-economic analysis.

 The comparison of additional case studies, of various geometries, to compare the cost breakdowns of the element types in different applications. This can highlight certain trends associated with specific element characteristics such as element size and geometry

 The quantification of the success rate of SCC implementation in South Africa of projects of different sizes can be used to identify the present problems that are associated with the technology in the South African industry

 The model created in this research can be applied to various projects of different geometries to investigate correlations between the geometric characteristics of a project and the relationship between cost and time savings. Such a study can evaluate the expected overhead expenditures that will economically justify the use of SCC for various project geometries.

107 | Self-compacting concrete versus normal compacting concrete: A techno-economic analysis.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Aslani, F. & Nejadi, S. 2012. Mechanical Properties of Conventional and Self-Compacting Concrete:

An Analytical Study. Construction and Building Materials, 36:330-347.

Asmus, S., Christensen, B., Shi, C., Yu, Z., Khayat, K. and Yan, P. 2009. 87. Status of Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC) in Asia Pacific. Paper presented at 2nd Int. Symposium on Design, Performance and Use of Self Consolidating Concrete.

Bennek, W. 2007. SCC Applied in the Precast Industry (ICCX). :24-24,26,27.

Brouwers, H. & Radix, H. 2005. Self-Compacting Concrete: Theoretical and Experimental Study.

Cement and Concrete Research, 35(11). :2116-2136.

BS EN 12350-11. 2010. Testing fresh concrete part 11: Self-compacting concrete — sieve segregation test. British Standards: Standards Policy and Strategy Committee

Chalioris, C.E. & Pourzitidis, C.N. 2012. Rehabilitation of Shear-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Beams using Self-Compacting Concrete Jacketing. ISRN Civil Engineering, 2012

CSSA. 2013. Concrete Beton - Fulton Awards 2013. June[Online], Available: Alexander Forbes, Podium At MenlynNovember 2014:20.

Damtoft, J., Lukasik, J., Herfort, D., Sorrentino, D. & Gartner, E. 2008. Sustainable Development and Climate Change Initiatives. Cement and Concrete Research, 38(2). :115-127.

Department of Public Works. 2015. Welcome to EPWP. [Online]. Available:

http://www.epwp.gov.za/index.html [February 2015]

Department of Public Works. 2012. EPWP Large Project Guidelines. 1.

Domone, P. 1998. The Slump Flow Test for High-Workability Concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 28(2). :177-182.

Domone, P. & Illston, J. 2010. Construction materials: Their nature and behaviour. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA: CRC Press

Domone, P. 2007. A Review of the Hardened Mechanical Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete.

Cement and Concrete Composites, 29(1). :1-12.

Domone, P. 2006. Self-Compacting Concrete: An Analysis of 11 Years of Case Studies. Cement and Concrete Composites, 28(2). :197-208.

EFNARC, S. 2002. Guidelines for Self-Compacting Concrete. London, UK: Association House, :32-34.

EN, B. 2006. 206-1 (2000) Concrete–Part 1: Specification, Performance, Production and Conformity.

British Standards Institution, :1-20.

Expanded public works programme. 2005. Guidelines for the Implementation of Labour-Intensive Infrastructure Projects Under the Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP) 2nd Edition.

108 | Self-compacting concrete versus normal compacting concrete: A techno-economic analysis.

Ferraris, C.F. & Gaidis, J.M. 1992. Connection between the Rheology of Concrete and Rheology of Cement Paste. ACI Materials Journal, 89(4).

Frydendal, L.F., Pedersen, B., Mørtsell, E., Lønningen, S. &Hellum, J. 2003. Implementation of SCC in norwegian highway structures, in Wallevik, O. and Nielsson,I.(eds.). International RILEM symposium on self-compacting concrete. RILEM Publications SARL.Pages 958 in

Geel, A., Beushausen, H. & Alexander, M. 2007. The Current Status of Self Compacting Concrete in South Africa. Concrete Beton Journal, 116(October). September 2014:11.

Godil, S.S., Shamim, M.S., Enam, S.A. & Qidwai, U. 2011. Fuzzy Logic: A "Simple" Solution for Complexities in Neurosciences? Surgical neurology international, 2:24-7806.77177.

Hendrickson, C. & Au, T. 1989. Project management for construction: Fundamental concepts for owners, engineers, architects, and builders. Chris Hendrickson

Hurd, M. 2002. Self-Compacting Concrete. can You Fill Your Forms without Vibrating. Concrete Construction, January: 44-50.

Jenkins, Nick. 2015. A project management primer: Basic principles - scope triangle. [Online].

Available: http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/project-management-scope-triangle.php Jooste, P. 2009. Self-Compacting Concrete. Concrete Beton, 1(1). :18-19,20,21,22,23.

Jurgens, C. & Wium, J. 2007. Investigation into the Feasibility of Hybrid Concrete Construction (HCC) in South Africa.

Khayat, K. 1999. Workability, Testing, and Performance of Self-Consolidating Concrete. ACI Materials Journal, 96(3).

Klug, Y., Holschemacher, K., Wallevik, O. and Nielsson, I. 2003. Comparison of the Hardened Properties of Self-Compacting and Normal Vibrated Concrete. Paper presented at 3rd RILEM Symposium on Self Compacting Concrete, Reykjavik.

Knoll, T.M. 2012. Chemnitz University of Technology Communication Networks. Paper presented at Techno-Economic Modelling of Mobile Access Network Alternatives. Berlin. 30/11/2012.

Mehta, P.K. 1999. Advancements in Concrete Technology. CONCRETE INTERNATIONAL-DETROIT-, 21:69-76.

Mehta, P.K. & Monteiro, P.J. 2006. Concrete: Microstructure, properties, and materials. McGraw-Hill New York

Miao, C., Tian, Q. &Liu, J. 2009. Early-age shrinkage and cracking of self-compacting concrete:

Measurement techniques and mitigation strategies, 2nd int. symposium on design, performance and use of self consolidating concrete. Online publication: RILEM Publications sarl. Pages 74-74 – 84 Mubarak, S.A. 2010. Construction project scheduling and control. John Wiley & Sons

Newman, J. & Choo, B.S. 2003. Advanced concrete technology 3: Processes. 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington MA 01803, Great Britain: Butterworth-Heinemann

109 | Self-compacting concrete versus normal compacting concrete: A techno-economic analysis.

Nielsson, I. and Wallevik, O.H. 2003. Rheological Evaluation of some Empirical Test Methods-Preliminary Results. Paper presented at 3rd International Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete.

Okamura, H., Ouchi, M., Wallevik, O. and Nielsson, I. 2003. Applications of Self-Compacting Concrete in Japan. Paper presented at The 3rd International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete.

Wallevik OH, Nielsson I, editors, RILEM Publications SARL, Bagneux, France.

Okamura, H. & Ouchi, M. 2003. Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology: Self-Compacting Concrete. 1(1). :5-15. Japan Concrete Institute. Sogo Hanzomon Bldg. 12F, No. 7, Kojimachi 1-Chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.

Ouchi, M. 2000. Self-Compacting Concrete-Development, Applications and Investigations. NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH-PUBLICATIONS-, 23:29-34.

Palisade Corporation. 2014. How monte carlo simulation works. [Online]. Available:

http://www.palisade.com/risk/monte_carlo_simulation.asp [November 2014]

Parliamentary Monitoring Group. 2015. Phase 3 of expanded public works programme (EPWP):

Briefing by deputy minister and department. [Online]. Available: https://pmg.org.za/committee-meeting/17031/ [February 2015]

Ramanathan, P., Baskar, I., Muthupriya, P. & Venkatasubramani, R. 2013. Performance of Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Different Mineral Admixtures. KSCE (Korean Society of Civil Engineers) Journal of Civil Engineering, 17(2). :465-472.

Ready Mixed Concrete Association of Ontario. 2009. Best Practices Guidelines for Self-Consolidating Concrete. 1.

Reh, John F. 2015. Pareto's principle - the 80-20 rule. [Online]. Available:

http://management.about.com/cs/generalmanagement/a/Pareto081202.htm [August 2015]

Rols, S., Ambroise, J. & Péra, J. 1999. Effects of Different Viscosity Agents on the Properties of Self-Leveling Concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 29(2). :261-266.

Šafarič, R. & Rojko, A. 2006. Intelligent control techniques in mechatronics - fuzzy logic, Intelligent control techniques in mechatronics. E-Book: University of Maribor.

SAFCEC. South african forum of civil engineering contractors. [November 2014]

Salmien, L. 2008. Scenario-Based Techno-Economic Analysis of Digital Homes. TKK Helsinki University of Techonology, Department of Communications and Networking,

SANS 10100-2. 2014. SANS 10100-2 Ed. 3 (2014) the Structural use of Concrete - Part 2: Materials and Execution of Work. 305/2015:1.

SANS 2001-CC1. 2007. Construction works part CC1: Concrete works (structural). The Council of The South African Bureau of Standards

SANS 50197-1. 2000. SANS 50197-1 - cement - part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements. THE COUNCIL OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN BUREAU OF STANDARDS

110 | Self-compacting concrete versus normal compacting concrete: A techno-economic analysis.

Sari, M., Prat, E. & Labastire, J. 1999. High Strength Self-Compacting Concrete Original Solutions Associating Organic and Inorganic Admixtures. Cement and Concrete Research, 29(6). :813-818.

Compacting Concrete European Project Group. 2005. The European Guidelines for Self-Compacting Concrete Specification, Production and use. Online:

http://www.efnarc.org/pdf/SCCGuidelinesMay2005.Pdf. SCC European Project Group. 1.

Shah, S. 2009. 1. Self-Consolidating Concrete: Now and Future. Paper presented at 2nd Int.

Symposium on Design, Performance and Use of Self Consolidating Concrete.

Shi, C., Yu, Z., Khayat, K. & Yan, P. 2009. Design, performance and use of self-consolidating concrete SCC'2009. France: RILEM Publications s.a.r.l.

Skarendahl, A. 2003. The Present-the Future. Paper presented at International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete.

Strategy Analytics Research Knowledge. 2014. Techno-economic analysis. [Online]. Available:

http://www.sark7.com/docs/technoeconomic.pdf [03/2014]

Tattersall, G.H. 2003. Workability and quality control of concrete. 2-6 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, UK: Chapman & Hall

The Concrete Society of Southern Africa. 2013. Self Compacting... the Way of the Future. Concrete Beton Journal, 133(March). [Online], Available: opening address: September 2014:12.

The Presidency. 2012/2013. NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2030 - our Future - make it Work.

Executive summary.

Van den Berg, Anja. 2014. Engineering industry 2014: Education, trends and forecasts. [Online].

Available: http://www.networkrecruitment.co.za/our-blog/engineering-industry-education-trends-and-forecasts-for-2014/ [10/01]

Van Keulen, D. 2000. C, Onderzoek Naar Eigenschappen Van Zelfverdichtend Beton. Rapport TUE/BCO/00.07, TU Delft, April

Verbrugge, S., Casier, K., Van Ooteghem, J. and Lannoo, B. 2008. Practical Steps in Techno-Economic Evaluation of Network Deployment Planning Part 1: Methodology Overview. Paper presented at Telecommunications Network Strategy and Planning Symposium, 2008. Networks 2008. The 13th International.

Wallevik, O.H. 2003. Rheology–a Scientific Approach to Develop Self-Compacting Concrete. Paper presented at Proceedings of the 3rd international RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete.

North America.

Wallevik, ÓH. & Níelsson, I. 2003. PRO 33: 3rd international RILEM symposium on self-compacting concrete. RILEM publications

Walraven, J. 2003. Structural Aspects of Self Compacting Concrete. Paper presented at Proceedings of the 3 rd international RILEM Symposium on SCC. North America.

111 | Self-compacting concrete versus normal compacting concrete: A techno-economic analysis.

Walwyn, D. 2013. The use of Techno-Economic Analysis to Support Research Programmes. Paper presented at The Use of Techno-Economic Analysis to Support Research Programmes. University of Cape Town. 2013.

Wittwer, J. W. 2015. Monte carlo simulation basics. [Online]. Available:

http://www.vertex42.com/ExcelArticles/mc/MonteCarloSimulation.html [January 2015]

Yang, Frances. 2014. Self-consolidating concrete. [Online]. Available:

http://www.slideshare.net/bpdplanning/scc-report [June 2014]

Zhang, S. 2009. 88. Self-Compacting Concrete, Worldwide Experience. Paper presented at 2nd Int.

Symposium on Design, Performance and Use of Self Consolidating Concrete.

112 | Self-compacting concrete versus normal compacting concrete: A techno-economic analysis.

APPENDIX A – INTERVIEW SUMMARY

This appendix provides details about the interviews. The participants and the investigated knowledge areas are introduced and a summary of all the comments made are listed for each knowledge area.