MARKET PACKAGE PRIORITIZATION
5.5 ANALYSIS OF PRIORITY MARKET PACKAGES
The following sections are based on the extensive work of the National ITS Architecture Team in developing the Implementation Strategy for ITS solutions. Each section is a functional area with the market packages that were previously identified as the highest priority.
5.5.1 Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS)
The implementors of ATMS will be primarily public agencies that own and operate streets and roads. ATMS will be deployed more extensively in congested urban areas than in either inter-urban areas or rural areas because there is more traffic in urban areas and therefore more need for traffic management and more opportunity to use alternate routes or modes. Influences on near term ATMS deployment are summarized
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Page 5-11 in Table 5.7. The architecture supports several different packages for instrumentation of the roadways and control of traffic.
Some network surveillance and centralized street and freeway signal control has already been initiated in many large cities and congested suburbs. It is expected that this will expand rapidly. Such facilities will be longer in coming on inter-urban roads, and may never be needed in rural areas unless they have high volumes of through traffic, special events, or resort traffic.
Surveillance is a necessary prerequisite to incident detection and management, traffic information dissemination, network performance evaluation, and traffic system maintenance. Once surveillance is established in neighboring jurisdictions, information can be shared, and signal control, freeway control, and incident management can be coordinated.
TABLE 5.7
INFLUENCES ON NEAR TERM ATMS DEPLOYMENT Market Package Deployment Influenced By Timing
Considerations
Incentives to Deployment Network
Surveillance • NTCIP standard for traffic
control and sensing devices • Near Term Collection of reliable traffic data
Probe Surveillance • Wide area communications
equipment in-vehicle. • Currently available but
Control • NTCIP standard for traffic
control and sensing devices • Near term Improved utilization of surface streets Freeway Control • Public support for potential
reduction in individual convenience to gain overall improvement in efficiency.
• Requires
• Vehicle Roadside Communication Technology
• Development of payment system
Reduced toll and fee collection costs Greater convenience Emissions and
Environmental Hazards Sensing
• Emissions sensing equipment
• NTCIP standards • Regulations will accelerate deployment
Cleaner environment
Standard Railroad
Grade Crossing • Public support for potential
improvement in safety. • Parallels surface street control enhancements
Increased Safety at Highway Rail Intersection
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Page 5-12 5.5.2 Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS)
Users of these services will be public transit agencies. Services such as transit security, electronic fare collection, and improved information, will have a direct effect on transit use. Other services may improve service or reduce costs, thus allowing operators to provide more service or charge lower fares than would otherwise be possible. There are no significant technical barriers to implementation, but some services may not provide sufficient benefits over current, less communication-intensive services, to justify the additional cost. Influences on near term APTS deployment are summarized in Table 5.8.
TABLE 5.8
INFLUENCES ON NEAR TERM APTS DEPLOYMENT Market Package Deployment Influenced By Timing
Considerations
Incentives to Deployment Transit Vehicle
Tracking • Capacity on Wide Area Private
communication channels • Wait for current equipment to become obsolete
More efficient tracking of buses and recording of schedule adherence
Better scheduling and utilization of resources Demand Response
Transit • Vehicle tracking, scheduling, and dispatch capability
• Passenger Security
• Will come with
Management • Payment Instrument Standard Increased convenience
for passengers Reduced fare handling and patronage reporting costs
Transit Maintenance • On board diagnostics Improved scheduling
and monitoring increase reliability and reduce equipment costs
Multi-Modal
Coordination • Inter-agency agreements
• Inter-agency exchange of Information can reduce travel time for passengers Connecting vehicles can be held at transfer points to accommodate passengers transferring from delayed vehicles
5.5.3 Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS)
Broadcast-based ATIS is now available in many areas via conventional radio, cable TV and limited-range, highway advisory radio. Fixed and portable variable message signs
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Page 5-13 on roads and streets provide information related to safety, delays, and recommended routing. Services, such as these, which assist road management are likely to be deployed in the near term.
Services purchased by travelers are also available. In-vehicle route guidance devices are especially useful to travelers in unfamiliar areas. Although they are relatively expensive, many people may find them cost-effective on rental cars. In-vehicle ATIS deployment will be driven primarily by public demand for travel information. Influences on near term ATIS deployment are summarized in Table 5.9.
TABLE 5.9
INFLUENCES ON NEAR TERM ATIS DEPLOYMENTS Market Package Deployment Influenced By Timing
Considerations
Incentives to Deployment Broadcast Traveler
Information • Traffic information • Already provided Demonstrated demand for such information Interactive Traveler
Information • Quality traffic information
• Position determination, map database standards
• Vehicle location system
• Currently
Reservations • Industry willing to pay for service
• Clients with need and in-vehicle equipment
5.5.4 Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO)
There are two types of CVO services: one provides electronic support for various regulatory requirements, and the other increases the efficiency of commercial vehicle operations. Public agencies will likely implement the first type of service and private firms the latter type of service. Most freight firms already have systems for dispatching and tracking vehicles and shipments and for maintaining the fleet. Systems that exploit modern electronics and communications technologies for these purposes are being aggressively marketed, and a high level of implementation is expected. Tests of services to facilitate regulatory functions are underway, and those that prove to be cost-effective are likely to be widely adopted. Influences on near term CVO deployment are summarized in Table 5.10.
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Page 5-14
TABLE 5.10
INFLUENCES ON NEAR TERM CVO DEPLOYMENT Market Package Deployment Influenced By Timing
Considerations
Incentives to Deployment Freight
Administration Intermodal coordination
• Common cargo tag
Clearance • Enrollment standard
• Vehicle Roadside Communication standard
• Tag information standard
• CVISN
Border Clearance • International Credentials Agreements are needed
• Customs agreements
• Currently
Weigh -in-Motion • Technology • Current devices are expensive
Cost savings for truckers and regulators
Better enforcement in remote areas
Roadside CVO
safety • Vehicle Roadside Communication standard
• Sensors for monitoring safety
• Vehicle
Safety • Advanced Sensors • Current research topic
Continual monitoring of safety of vehicle
5.5.5 Emergency Management (EMS)
The Emergency Management Services package includes two services provided by public agencies, Emergency Response and Emergency Routing, and one service purchased by vehicle operators, Mayday Support. Emergency response systems are already being tested in Southern California. If they prove effective, they are likely to be highly utilized in congested areas. Emergency routing may have less application because of limited route options and traffic control in many suburban areas. Mayday
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Page 5-15 services will be particularly useful for vehicles that travel on little-used roads where telephones are not located nearby and where there are few other travelers to offer help and notify the road operator that there is a problem. Influences on near term EMS deployment are summarized in Table 5.11.
TABLE 5.11
INFLUENCES ON NEAR TERM
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SERVICES DEPLOYMENT Market Package Deployment Influenced By Timing
Considerations Incentives to Deployment Emergency
Response • Inter-agency agreements and standards
• Better algorithms to support response decisions Emergency Routing • Algorithms
• Route planning agencies with reliable traffic data
Mayday Support • Current regulations prevent
Automatic mayday to 911 • Current private organizations
Faster attention to medical emergencies and hazards to vehicles and people
5.5.6 ITS Planning
Data from road surveillance and subsystem operations can provide valuable information for planning not only ITS deployment but also all types of transportation improvements and policies. Relatively little attention has been given to how such data might be used to model the effects of changes in the transportation system or in transportation demand. Because the extent and nature of the information varies significantly from that previously available, there are opportunities for using models and analytical methods that could not be supported by previously available information. Influences on near term ITS Planning efforts are summarized in Table 5.12.
TABLE 5.12
INFLUENCES ON NEAR TERM ITS PLANNING DEPLOYMENT Market Package Deployment Influenced By Timing
Considerations
Incentives to Deployment ITS Planning • Development of models to
utilize more extensive the costs and effects of transportation improvements
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