Organising Your Learning: Introduction
4 The following are some ideas, though you may have others which are equally valid,
in class
lots of speaking opportunities you have company
there is a teacher to organise activities, to guide and advise you, and to monitor your English
outside
you can work only on what you need you work when and for as long as you want you work at your own speed
you follow your own interests
you can use language in 'real-life' situations Unit 1
2 1m 2k 31 4f 5d 6c 7n 8g 9h l0j 11i 12b 13a 14 e a Alice no longer resides at this address.
b He no longer has any respect for his parents' beliefs. c We no longer have any objection to their presence, d I no longer have any interest in that matter.
or That matter no longer holds any interest for me, e He no longer has any desire to continue living. f There is no longer any reason for him to take such
an attitude.
g I no longer have any intention of accepting the position.
h There is no longer any hope that the crisis can be resolved peacefully.
i This structure no longer presents any difficulties for me.
I OK 2 absolutely/utterly amazing 3 OK 4 absolutely infuriating 5 absolutely incredible 6 OK 7 absolutely terrified 8 rather pleased 9 absolutely delighted 10 OK
II absolutely hideous 12 utterly ridiculous 5 a absolutely delicious b absolutely hilarious c absolutely essential rather/quite tasty quite funny quite important 6 dead tired fast asleep bored stiff dead right
wide awake dead slow stone cold filthy rich raving mad stone deaf blind drunk
7 a stone cold b dead tired, fast asleep, wide awake c filthy rich, raving mad d dead right e bored stiff
8 a as light as a feather c as old as the hills e as quiet as a mouse g to sleep like a log i as blind as a bat
b to eat like a horse d to smoke like a chimney f as clean as a whistle h as pretty as a picture j to drink like a fish
9 h wrench c grabbed d loath e hurled f shattered g scoured h begged i shoved j soared k burst 1 rushed m hammering n swear o despair p stare q demanded r ruined
10 asothat b (in order) to give them c forworkingon d so that e (in order) to f for showing
g so that students can h (in order) to show
i so that j (in order) to k for students to 1 so that 11 b A good language student will not only participate in
classroom work, but also work independently outside class time, in order to achieve her own learning objectives.
c Apart from supporting its teachers with efficient teaching materials, a good language school will pay them for preparation time, so that they can present an organised programme of work.
d A good language teacher will not only work hard in the classroom, but also spend time on lesson preparation, in order to be able to present an organised programme of work.
Organising Your Learning: Dictionaries 4 a b c d e f S h longingly yawning flame-thrower jumbled lotion chocolate fearless frightful /lorjirjli/ /p:nrrj/ /fleimQreoa/ /d3Ambald/ /foujan/ /tfokalat/ /fisbs/ /fraitful/
6 a irksome b encroach c roughage d phial e curtail f autopsy g chaotic h psalm i knoll j earl
Unit 2
1 1 could tell 2 had known
3 would never have started 4 were 5 you'd never met 6 couldn't go 7 wouldn't go 8 you'd never been born 9 could keep up with 10 would have been 11 hadn't laughed 12 I'd never bought 13 would take 14 had never mentioned
ANSWER KEY
2 b I wish you'd take more care, so you wouldn't always make such a mess,
c I wish you would be quiet/wouldn't make so much noise, so we could get some sleep,
d I wish they would go home, so we could go to bed. e I wish you'd stop talking all the time, so I could get
some work done.
f I wish you would make up your mind, so I could book the tickets.
g I wish he would fix the car, so I wouldn't have to take the bus to work.
h 1 wish you kids would behave yourselves, so I could hear the television.
3 b I wish we hadn't spent such a lot; we could have taken a taxi home if we hadn't.
c I wish you'd told me you were coming; I would have cooked something nice for dinner if you had, d I wish I'd studied harder at school; I could have
gone to university if I had.
e I wish I'd gone to university; I could have got a good job if I had.
f I wish we'd known she could babysit; we wouldn't have had to stay in if we had.
4 a It's high time the government did something about inflation!
b It's high time you started doing some homework! e It's high time you children went to bed!
f It's high time they put a stop to all these strikes! h It's high time you started being a bit more punctual! i It's high time you grew up and acted responsibly! 5 a If he wasn't rich, he wouldn't (couldn't) have
bought that new car.
b If I weren't such a fool, I would have left him long ago.
c If I hadn't lost my address book, I could ring them up.
d If this government knew what it was doing, it wouldn't have raised interest rates.
e Things would be better for business if interest rates hadn't gone up.
f My marriage wouldn't have broken up if I hadn't lost my job.
g Perhaps somebody would give him a job if he had a fixed address.
h If he had a job, he could save some money.
i If he had some money, he could rent a place to live. j He wouldn't be in this mess if he hadn't come to
London. 1 • • • • figurative formidable saturated satisfying 4 • • • • oversubscribed nevertheless underexposed 2 • • • • fortuitous impractical preservative impossible disorderly extravagant insensitive subsidiary 5 • • • secondary secretary literary reasonable 3 • • • • outmanoeuvre schizophrenia unrestricted sentimental notwithstanding hesitation disenchantment polytechnic
7 a get on with b put forward c let me down d takes after e gone off f get away with g tell her off h to go round
8 a fell behind b caught up with c stand for d got over e go without f longing for g work out h frown on
9 a grow on, grow out of
fall out with, fall for, fall about catch on, catch out get it across, get round, get on
10 a get on b fallen out c catch (them) out d grows on e caught on to f grown out of g fell about h fell for i get (it) across j get round 11 Possible answers:
b Developing countries have the capacity to create wealth, but are crippled by debt, Brazil, for example, has one of the largest economies in the world, but its huge export earnings are used to pay the interest on its foreign debt.
c It is apparently difficult to find reasonably-priced accommodation in London at short notice. Take the case of the German students mentioned in the letter about London in Unit 1. Having arrived at Euston Station at 1 lpm, they still hadn't found a place to stay after half-an-hour's working through the Yellow Pages.
d European young people are tending to stay at home and have an easy life instead of living on their own. The German law student in The stay at home kids is a case in point. He has a four-room apartment, yet he doesn't have to cook, and his mother washes his clothes for him.
ANSWER KEY
Organising Your Learning: Vocabulary Bubble puzzle
a A 1 to owe 2 to pay off 3 rate of interest 4 budget deficit 5 overdraft
B 1 overdraft 2 to overthrow 3 to overtake 4 to overturn 5 overcoat
C 1 to overthrow 2 to throw out 3 a throwback D 1 an MP 2 a poll 3 constituency 4 overthrow
5 coup d'etat
E 1 coup d'etat 2 fiasco 3 bizarre 4 fiance F 1 fiance 2 to break up 3 to fall for
4 to fancy someone
G 1 to fall for 2 to fall to pieces 3 to fall ill 4 fall-out
H 1 fall-out 2 power station 3 nuclear waste 4 H-bomb
b Possible answers:
MP: acronyms (e.g. BBC, UNESCO) to fall ill: sickness and health H-bomb: weapons and war overtake: driving vocabulary overcoat: clothes and accessories Organising Your Learning: Grammar
1 a There are far too many qualified lawyers, so it's hard to find work.
b I went to an Italian-speaking school, so that my mother could help me with my work jf I needed it. c I'm glad to hear that some of what I said was of
interest.
d I'd rather you corrected my errors, please, and mightn't it be a good idea to do a dictation every week?
e Certificates prove you're really good at something. f It sometimes seems almost impossible to keep pace
with the others,
g It's the first time I have had to correct my own writing,
h I don't see any reason to go to the computer room with the class again.
i That is easy to understand.
j When I'm back in Switzerland I'm going to have a holiday, and after that I'm going to enter university to study law.
k I'm not used to writing either in English or in Italian.
1 After this, 1 could have gone to university, but I did a secretarial course instead.
m After graduating, I spent 3 months in Paris to perfect my French, which I had studied for the previous 6 years,
n Over the next few weekends I hope to see as much as possible of England.
o I have just finished my studies in Germany. p In case I need advice, can I ask you after lessons? q Whatever we do, I'm sure it will be useful. r I would rather talk than always study grammar, s I arrived back in Spain and began working for a
multinational company, whose head office was in my home town.
t I had never seen such a beautiful place as that. 2 word order: f, h, o, r, t future tenses: j
sequences and time expressions: j, 1, n
logical connectors: 1, a, b prepositions: e, n, s in case: b, p too, enough, so, such: a, t relative clauses and what clauses: c, m, s punctuation: c, q first time: g
adjective + infinitive: i present tenses in future subordinate clauses: j, q modals: I, d
rather: d, r neither/nor: k
present perfect/past simple/past perfect: m Unit 3
1 1 couldn't afford 2 couldn't see
3 had managed to sleep 4 would have been able to/ could have 5 could make/would be able to make 6 could see 7 were able to run 8 managed to make/ were able to make 9 couldn't understand
10 were able to/managed to get 11 couldn't believe 12 could speak 13 could make out
14 could have offered 15 could feel 16 had been able to/had managed to achieve 17 having been able to make 18 could have wept 19 was able to understand 20 hadn't been able to continue 21 to be able to offer 22 could give 23 had been able to/had managed to arrange 24 was able to help 25 could hardly find 26 to have been able to offer
2 a outmoded b outfit c outgoings d outlandish e outline f out-of-the-way g upgrade h upheaval 1 upkeep j uprising k uptight 1 upturn
3 a outgoings b uptight c upheaval d outmoded e outfit f upgrading g upturn h outlandish i uprising j upkeep k out-of-the-way 1 outline
ANSWER KEY
4 1 of 2 through (during would also be possible here) 3 without 4 of 5 on 6 for 7 at 8 on 9 in 10 of 11 under 12 under 13 to 14 for 15 of 16 on 17 of 18 in 19 on 20 from 21 against 22 of 23 with 24 in 25 until
5 Polite dialogue
j Manager: Good evening, can I be of any help? n Customer: Good evening. Sorry to bother you, but
are you the manager?
f Manager: I am, sir. What can I do for you? m Customer: Well, it's about these spare ribs. There
doesn't seem to be very much meat on them, I'm afraid.
v Manager: I'm sorry to hear that, sir. May I see them?
u Customer: Certainly. I don't like to complain, but as you can see . . .
o Manager: Hmm. Well, sir, I must say they seem very similar to the spare ribs we usually serve, b u t . . .
q Customer: You see, I do actually eat here regularly, and they definitely don't seem to be the same quality as usual. Not quite as meaty.
e Manager: Well, sir, I'm sorry you feel that way. Naturally, I'll be glad to return them to our kitchen. Can I offer to bring you the menu again?
d Customer: Yes, please. Thank you very much, and I'm sorry to cause any inconvenience. a Manager: Not at all, sir. One moment, sir, and I'll
bring the menu. Rude dialogue 1 Manager: c Customer: p Manager: g Customer: t Manager: k Customer: b Manager: i Customer; Hello.
You're the manager, I suppose. Yeah, what do you want?
These spare ribs are no good, there's no meat on them.
Rubbish. Let's have a look at them, Don't tell me I'm talking rubbish. Are you looking for trouble or something? Just let me look at the ribs, all right? It's you who's making the trouble. Wei!, they look all right to me. What's wrong with them?
What's wrong with them? Look, I eat here a lot, and I'm telling you they're
rubbish. Just look at them! There's no way I'm paying for that!
r Manager: Look, just keep your voice down, will you? OK, I'll take them back. What do you want instead?
s Customer: Give me a steak, and hurry it up, I haven't got all day.
h Manager: One steak. It'll take as long as it takes. We're very busy.
6 b There doesn't seem to be very much meat on them, I'm afraid.
c Good evening. Sorry to bother you, but are you the manager?
d Naturally, I'll be glad to return them to our kitchen.
e . . . but as you see . . .
f Can I offer to bring you the menu again? 7 b Possible answer:
Of course it's got some problems. To start off with, it's a long way from the centre - even from the tube station, in fact - and you'd be even more isolated because it hasn't got a telephone. So your social life would probably suffer. And that's not to mention the rent, which is a bit high at £100 a week. On the other hand, it is self-contained, which is important, and there's a lot of space, considering it's got two bedrooms and a sitting room, plus kitchen and bathroom. The garden and TV are also a plus, especially if you would be spending quite a lot of time about the place. Organising Your Learning: Speaking (1)
1 Possible answers
a 'Well, it's been nice talking to you. Bye!' b 'By the way, I was sorry to hear you failed your
exam. You must be really disappointed.'
c 'I'm beginning to wish we'd never come here, you know.'
d 'We must stop meeting like this!' or 'Hi, we meet again
e 'Have you seen (the film)? You must try and see it, it's really good!'
a You would say I wished I had known (but in fact, you didn't know).
b No, that's a polite thing some people say when a person does something nice for them without being asked to.
c No, you only use didn't live up to when something isn't as good as expected.
ANSWER KEY
Unit 4
1 a 1 leaving 2 me to be 3 to have 4 to betray 5 undermining 6 to me to be 7 to be doing to b 1 being 2 to accept 3 to offer 4 on acting
5 them to do 6 being 7 for being 8 for patronising
c 1 to continue 2 in saving 3 enabling us 4 to increase 5 to decrease 6 reducing 7 to say 8 making 9 us to take
d 1 to give me 2 him of letting me down 3 to have offered 4 to give
5 saying (or having said) 6 by claiming 7 to remember 8 doing (or having done) 2 a I see him as (being) essential to the success of the
deal.
b She dismissed him as (being) unworthy of serious consideration.
c He comes over as (being) rather arrogant. d I regard him as (being) the best in his field. e He struck me as (being) rather nervous. f I've never thought of him as (being) mean, g Witnesses describe the man as (being) tall and
heavily-built.
3 a refusing b I arrive c burning d smoking e to arrive f watching g I admire h I know i to be j windsurfing
4 a You are to stay here until (you are) called. (instruction)
b The Queen is to visit Canada next month. (arrangement)
c You are not to leave this room for any reason. (instruction)
d There's nothing to be done, (impossibility) e She turned to see her car disappearing into the
distance, (discovery)
f He is to be executed tomorrow, (arrangement) g He was nowhere to be seen, (impossibility) h She arrived to find the city in turmoil, (discovery) 5 a well-founded b well-to-do, well-heeled
c ill-at-ease d ill-advised e well-groomed f well-intentioned g well-spoken h ill-fated i ill-defined j well-appointed
6 a 1 well-appointed 2 well-groomed 3 well-to-do 4 ill-at-ease 5 well-spoken
b 1 well-intentioned 2 ill-fated 3 ill-defined 4 well-founded 5 ill-advised
ANSWER KEY
b That should be OK. I'll have to check, but I think we're free.
c Good. Let me know tomorrow, then, if you can. d Hi, want to come for a drink?
e We're having dinner in a few minutes, but later should be OK. Will that be all right for you? f I was wondering if you'd like to come out with me
tonight.
g I was thinking of going out for dinner together. h I'm sorry, but I don't really think so. Thanks
anyway. Look, I must go now. Bye. 9 a
i We looked around Jones' cosy apartment, with its inexpensive furnishings and cheerful colours. He was a slim, pale man with a proud, self-confident air.
ii We looked around Jones' cramped apartment, with its cheap furnishings and gaudy colours. He was a skinny, pasty-faced man with an arrogant, cocksure air.
b i He is more likely to make bold decisions than the previous president, his staff will find him a forthright and strong-willed person to work with, and his views more straightforward than those of his predecessor. However, he is a very shrewd man, and in order to achieve the high position he now holds, he must have shown greater flexibility in private than was usually expected from his more rigid predecessor. At home, I think we expect a more frugal style of government, and probably firmer law-and-order policies. In foreign policy, expect a greater willingness to intervene militarily in the affairs of smaller states compared with the hesitant former president, who, when he did act, preferred surreptitious diplomatic blackmail to the use of armed force.
ii He is more likely to make rash decisions than the previous president. His staff will find him an abrasive and domineering person to work with, and his views more simplistic than those of his
predecessor. However, he is a very devious man, and in order to achieve the high position he now holds, he must have shown greater lack of principle in private than was usually expected from his more principled predecessor. At home, I think we can expect a more penny'pinching style of government, and probably more repressive law-and-order policies. In foreign policy, expect a greater
willingness to meddle militarily in the affairs of smaller states, compared with the cautious former president, who, when he did act, preferred discreet diplomatic pressure to the use of armed force. Organising Your Learning: Writing
1 a . . . I went up the path to the door. It was open, so I entered the gloomy old house as quietly as I could. There wasn't a sound to be heard. I listened to the silence for a short time - -.
b . . . I had always wanted to go to Paris in the spring, so I was delighted to receive your kind invitation, which arrived this morning. I would very much like to c o m e . . .
2 It looks as if Student a should concentrate mostly on where to end sentences, and Student b on the order of adverbials in sentences.
Unit 5
1 b Ken has got fat since he gave up smoking. c He's been eating a lot since he's been living in
France-
d He hasn't learnt much French since he started studying.
e She's lost weight since she started her diet. f She's been looking better since she started doing
exercises.
g They've been going out more since they moved to France.
h Their relationship has improved since they stopped watching TV all the time.
i The children have learnt French since they moved to France.
j They've made friends since they've been going out more.
2 a It's a long time since I started learning English. b It's twenty years since I've seen him.
c It's ages since I've been riding.
d It's thirty years since the city has seen such