Appendix A
PCL-5 + TRASC
Below is a list of problems and complaints that people sometimes have in response to
interpersonal violence. Please read each one carefully, and then circle to indicate how much you have been bothered by that problem in the past week.
0 = Not at all 1 = A little bit 2 = Moderately 3 = Quite a bit 4 = Extremely
In the past week, how much were you bothered by:
1. Repeated, disturbing, and unwanted memories of the stressful experience?
2. Repeated, disturbing dreams of the stressful experience?
3. Suddenly feeling or acting as if the stressful experience were actually happening again (as if you were actually back there reliving it)?
4. Feeling very upset when something reminded you of the stressful experience?
5. Having strong physical reactions when something reminded you of the stressful experience (for example, heart pounding, trouble breathing, sweating)?
6. Avoiding internal reminders of the stressful experience (for example, thoughts, feelings, or physical sensations)?
7. Avoiding external reminders of the stressful experience (for example, people, places, conversations, objects, activities, or situations)?
9. Having strong negative beliefs about yourself, other people, or the world (for example, having thoughts such as: I am bad, there is something seriously wrong with me, no one can be trusted, the world is completely dangerous)?
10. Blaming yourself or someone else strongly for the stressful experience or what happened after it?
11. Having strong negative feelings such as fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame?
12. Loss of interest in activities that you used to enjoy?
13. Feeling distant or cut off from other people?
14. Having trouble experiencing positive feelings (for example, being unable to have loving feelings for those close to you, or feeling emotionally numb)?
15. Feeling irritable or angry or acting aggressively?
16. Taking too many risks or doing things that cause you harm? 17. Being “superalert” or watchful or on guard?
18. Feeling jumpy or easily startled? 19. Having difficulty concentrating? 20. Trouble falling or staying asleep?
21. Flashbacks of a Traumatic Event - Feeling as if a traumatic event from the past is happening in the present. Feeling like you are RELIVING the event, rather than only remembering it.
22. Altered Sense of Time - Having little sense of the passage of time, or feeling like time has slowed down, speeded up, or seems like it is stopped or standing still.
23. Marked Loss of Emotional Feeling - Feeling completely numb, hollow, and lifeless inside, as if you are already dead.
24. Feeling like What You are Experiencing is Not Real - A change in the way you perceive or experience the world or other people, so that things seem dreamlike, strange or unreal. 25. Out of Body Experience - Feeling detached or separated from your body, for example,
feeling like you are looking down on yourself from above, or like you are an outside observer of your own body.
26. Feeling like a Part of Your Body is Not Your Own - For example, like your hands or feet are strange, unfamiliar, disconnected, not there, or that they do not belong to you.
27. Identity Confusion - Having an extremely unstable sense of self; feeling like you don't know who you are.
28. Divided or Multiple Senses of Self - Feeling like your sense of self is divided into different parts, that who you are seems to change across time, or feeling like you are made up of two or more different people.
29. Losing time for periods of at least 10 minutes, so that you have very little (if any) awareness or memory for what happened during the missing periods of time.
30. Hearing voices inside your head that seem different from your own voice, and different from your own thoughts.
Appendix B
EAT-26
Please indicate response for each of the following statements 3 Always
2 Usually 1 Often 0 Rarely 0 Never
1. Am terrified of being overweight. 2. Avoid eating when I am hungry. 3. Find myself preoccupied with food.
4. Have gone on eating binges where I feel that I may not be able to stop. 5. Cut my food into small pieces.
6. Aware of the calorie content of foods that I eat.
7. Particularly avoid food with a high carbohydrate content (i.e. bread, rice, potatoes, etc.) 8. Feel that others would prefer if I ate more.
9. Vomit after I have eaten.
10.Feel extremely guilty after eating.
11. Am preoccupied with a desire to be thinner. 12. Think about burning calorie when I exercise. 13.Other people think I am too thin.
14. Am preoccupied with the thought of having fat on my body. 15. Take longer than other to eat my meals.
16. Avoid foods with sugar in them. 17. Eat diet foods.
18. Feel that food controls my life. 19. Display self-control around food.
20. Feel that others pressure me to eat. 21. Give too much time and thought to food. 22. Feel uncomfortable after eating sweets. 23. Engage in dieting behavior.
24. Like my stomach to be empty.
25. Have the impulse to vomit after meals. 26. Enjoy trying new rich foods.
Appendix C
PHQ-4
Over the last two weeks, how often have you been bothered by the following problems? 0 – Not at all
1 – Several days
2 – More than half the days 3 – Nearly everyday
1. Feeling nervous, anxious or on edge 2. Not being able to stop or control worrying 3. Little interest or pleasure in doing things 4. Feeling down, depressed or hopeless
Appendix D
LEC-5
Listed below are a number of difficult or stressful things that sometimes happen to people. For each event check YES to indicate that it happened to you personally or NO if it doesn’t apply to you. Be sure to consider your entire life (growing up as well as adulthood) as you go through the list of events.
1. Natural disaster (for example, flood, hurricane, tornado, earthquake) 2. Fire or explosion
3. Transportation accident (for example, car accident, boat accident, train wreck, plane crash)
4. Serious accident at work, home, or during recreational activity
5. Exposure to toxic substances (for example, dangerous chemicals, radiation) 6. Physical assault (for example, being attacked, hot, slapped, kicked, beaten up)
7. Assault with a weapon (for example, being shot, stabbed, threatened with a knife, gun, bomb)
8. Sexual assault (rape, attempted rape, made to perform any type of sexual act through force or threat or harm)
9. Other unwanted or uncomfortable sexual experience
10.Combat or exposure to a war-zone (in the military or as a civilian)
11.Captivity (for example, being kidnapped, abducted, held hostage, prisoner of war) 12.Life-threatening illness or injury
13.Severe human suffering
14.Sudden violent death (for example, homicide, suicide) 15.Sudden accidental death
16.Serious injury, harm, or death you caused to someone else 17.Any other very stressful event or experience
Appendix E
ACE
While you were growing up, during your first 18 years of life:
(Yes or no)
1. Did a parent or other adult in the household often or very often... Swear at you, insult you, put you down, or humiliate you? OR Act in a way that made you afraid that you might be physically hurt?
2. Did a parent or other adult in the household often or very often... Push, grab, slap, or throw something at you? OR Ever hit you so hard that you had marks or were injured?
3. Did an adult or person at least 5 years older than you ever... Touch or fondle you or have you touch their body in a sexual way? OR Attempt or actually have oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse with you?
4. Did you often or very often feel that ... No one in your family loved you or thought you were important or special? OR Your family didn’t look out for each other, feel close to each other, or support each other?
5. Did you often or very often feel that ... You didn’t have enough to eat, had to wear dirty clothes, and had no one to protect you? OR Your parents were too drunk or high to take care of you or take you to the doctor if you needed it?
6. Were your parents ever separated or divorced?
7. Was your mother or stepmother: Often or very often pushed, grabbed, slapped, or had something thrown at her? OR Sometimes, often, or very often kicked, bitten, hit with a fist, or hit with something hard? OR Ever repeatedly hit at least a few minutes or threatened with a gun or knife?
8. Did you live with anyone who was a problem drinker or alcoholic or who used street drugs? 9. Was a household member depressed or mentally ill, or did a household member attempt suicide?
10. Did a household member go to prison? Yes No
Now add up your “Yes” answers:
_______
Appendix F
PCR Items In the past month, how much were you bothered by: Answer Key:
Not at all in the past month Once in the past month
Two or three times in the past month About once per week in the past month About once daily or almost daily Multiple times daily or almost daily Daily or almost daily for most of the day Skip this question
1. Repeated, disturbing, and unwanted memories of a stressful experience. (PTSD) 2. Feeling very upset when something reminded you of a stressful experience. (PTSD) 3. Avoiding internal reminders of the stressful experience (for example, thoughts, feelings,
or physical reactions). (PTSD)
4. Avoiding external reminders of the stressful experience (for example, people, places, conversations, objects, activities, or situations). (PTSD)
5. Flashbacks of a Traumatic Event - Feeling as if a traumatic event from the past is happening in the present. Feeling like you are RELIVING the event, rather than only remembering it.(DISS)
6. Marked Loss of Emotional Feeling - Feeling completely numb, hollow, and lifeless inside, as if you are already dead. (DISS)
7. Feeling like What You are Experiencing is Not Real - A change in the way you perceive or experience the world or other people, so that things seem dreamlike, strange or unreal. (DISS)
8. Out of Body Experience - Feeling detached or separated from your body, for example, feeling like you are looking down on yourself from above, or like you are an outside observer of your own body. (DISS)
9. Feeling like a Part of Your Body is Not Your Own - For example, like your hands or feet are strange, unfamiliar, disconnected, not there, or that they do not belong to you. (DISS) 10.Hearing voices inside your head that seem different from your own voice, and different
from your own thoughts. (DISS)
11.Anxiety – feeling nervous, anxious or on edge. (ANX)
13.Depression – feeling down, depressed or hopeless. (MOOD) 14.Lack of interest or pleasure. (MOOD)
15.Binge eating – eating more food in a short amount of time than most people would in similar situations and feeling that you may not be able to stop. (ED)
16.Restrictive eating – Limiting the amount of food you eat due to a fear of gaining weight. (ED)
17.Purging – Making yourself sick (vomiting) to control your body weight and/or shape. (ED)
18.Compensatory behaviour (Pills) – Use of laxatives, diet pills or diuretics (water pills) to control body weight and/or shape. (ED)
19.Compensatory behaviour (Exercise) – Use of excessive exercise to lose or control body weight and/or shape. (ED)
Appendix G
Perceived Causal Relations Items Pilot Study Data
Symptom Title Symptom Definition
Percent Correctly Matched
Avoiding internal reminders of a stressful experience
For example, thoughts, feelings or physical reactions
100 Flashbacks of a traumatic
event
Feeling as if a traumatic event from the past is happening in the present
100 Marked loss of emotional
feeling
Feeling completely numb, hollow, and lifeless inside, as if you are already dead
100
Feeling like what you are experiencing is not real
A change in the way you perceive or experience the world or other people, so that things seem dreamlike, strange or unreal
100
Out of body experience Feeling detached or separated from your body, for example, feeling like you are looking down on yourself from above, or like you are an outside observer of your own body
86.7
Feeling like part of your body is not your own
For example, like your hands, feel are strange, unfamiliar, disconnected, not there, or that they do not belong to you
86.7
Hearing voices inside your head
That seem different from your own voice and different from your own thoughts
100
Anxiety Feeling nervous, anxious or on edge 100
Worrying Not being able to stop or control
worrying
100
Depression Feeling down, depressed or hopeless 80
Lack of interest or pleasure Little interest or pleasure in doing things
80 Binge eating or lack of
control over eating
Eating more food in a short amount of time than most people would in similar situations and feeling that you may not be able to stop
100
Restricting your eating for fear of weight gain
Limiting the amount of food you eat due to a fear of gaining weight
100 Intentional vomiting to
prevent weight gain
Making yourself sick to control your weight and/or shape
100 Over-exercising to prevent
weight gain
Use of excessive exercise to lose or control body weight and/or shape
Appendix H
Appendix I