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Appendix C: Data for Individual Countries

This appendix cites its information using the Chicago Style Manual, with one minor exception. Indicated before each cited source are the credibility results from Dax Norman’s Trust Evaluation Worksheet. The results include both a verbal assessment, anywhere from “Not Credible” to “Very High Credibility,” and also the quantitative finding. A record of the researcher’s scoring is available for each individual source but will only be provided by request. The researcher used a general score for information from Jane’s Information Group, which is “High Credibility, 44.3.” Government websites and uploaded documents were not scored.

There are four columns of information in this appendix: first, the name of the country, second, the name of the identified intelligence agencies, third, intelligence spending, and fourth, intelligence personnel. There are essentially two rows of

information, the first row has a country’s name, total spending, and total personnel (this row is in faded grey). An Italicized number indicates that the total was estimated using the methodology outlined in Chapter 3. Under each country, a second row contains an individual intelligence agency, with its identified spending and personnel. The

information in this row has citations according to the location of the source. If the information was not identified then the cell is left empty. If a country has more than one intelligence agency, or program, it is likewise listed under the country’s name.

Country Agency Spending Personnel

1 Afghanistan $11,602,207.58 550

National Directorate of Security (NDS)

2 Albania $12,470,858.06 5,000

State Intelligence Service

(ShISh) 5,000 87 Military Intelligence Agency 3 Algeria $153,595,297.45 12,000 Department of Information and Security (DRS) 4 Andorra $3,121,562.36 195 5 Angola $80,212,128.11 7,000 Directorate of Intelligence and Security

6 Antigua and Barbuda $1,208,222.60 1,650

7 Argentina $114,126,558.00 5,500

87

High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Library > The Balkans > Albania > Security and Foreign Forces, “Total Strength 5,000 (estimated)” [accessed September 21, 2008].

State Intelligence Office

(SIDE) $81,518,970

88

2,50089

National Military Strategic

Intelligence (DNIEM) $32,607,588

90

3,00091

8 Armenia $11,474,266.81 550

National Security Ministry (NSM)

Intelligence Department (MI)

9 Australia $184,610,349.79 145

Australian Secret

Intelligence Service (ASIS) $104,003,429.79

92

Defence Signals Directorate (DSD) Office of National Assessments (ONA) $21,000,000 93 14594 Defence Intelligence Organisation (DIO) 88

Low Credibility, 26.85, Natasha Niebieskikwiat, "El Gobierno pasa a controlar las tareas de inteligencia militar," Clarin, April 23, 2006,http://www.clarin.com/diario/2006/04/23/elpais/p-00315.htm[accessed April 30, 2009].

89

Ibid.

90Ibid. 91Ibid.

92Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australian Secret Intelligence: Portfolio Budget

Statements 2007-2008 (Canberra: Australian Government, 2008), 198,

http://www.dfat.gov.au/dept/budget/2007_2008_pbs/2007-2008_FA+T_PBS_06_ASIS.pdf.

93High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Oceania > Australia >

Security and Foreign Forces, "The ONA budget for 2005-06 was USD21 million (AUD28 million), representing a 290 per cent increase over four years from the 2001-02 level."

94

Office of National Assessments, About Us,http://www.ona.gov.au/aboutus.htm[accessed April 24, 2009].

Defence Imagery & Geospatial Organisation

(DIGO)

$59,606,92095

10 Austria $42,403,426.00 55096

Army Intelligence Service

(HNA) $42,403,426

97

Abwehramt (AbwA)

11 Azerbaijan $44,613,811.73 5,000

Ministry for National

Security (MNS) 5,000

98

12 Bahamas $7,179,112.44 97

Drug Enforcement Unit

(DEU) 97

99

13 Bahrain $20,428,196.69 2,000

Bahrain National Security

Agency (BNSA) 2,000

100

95High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Oceania > Australia >

Security and Foreign Forces, "DIGO has grown rapidly over the last few years, witnessing an increase in its staff numbers by over one third and a near tripling of its budget since inception to AUD90.5 million” [accessed November 11, 2008].

96Siegfried Beer, "Bound" to Cooperate: Austria’s Little-known Intelligence Community Since 1945,"

Journal of Intelligence History 4, no. 1 (2003),

http://www.acipss.org/intelligence/beitraege/bound_to_cooperate/current_organizations.htm.

97Ibid.

98High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Russia and the CIS >

Azerbaijan > Security and Foreign Forces, “Total Strength 5,000 (estimated).”

99High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Central America & the

Caribbean > Bahamas > Security and Foreign Forces , "There is a 97-strong Drug Enforcement Unit (DEU), with a 19-member strike force that participates in OPBAT missions; a 10-member marine unit which crews and services three fast interceptor boats; a 22-member general investigation unit; drug canine units; and a 14-member technical and surveillance unit with a nine-member unit in Freeport and three commanders” [November 12, 2008].

Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing

Unit (AMLTFU) 14 Bangladesh $78,821,132.99 10,000 Directorate-General of National Security Intelligence (NSI) Directorate General of

Forces Intelligence (DGFI) 10,000

101

15 Barbados $3,541,939.17 90

Regional Security System

Liaison Unit 90

102

16 Belarus $57,994,684.58 1,600

State Security Committee (KGB)

Main Intelligence Directorate - MI (GRU)

17 Belgium $51,860,690.13 1,600103

100

High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Gulf States > Bahrain > Security and Foreign Forces, "In 1998, Bahrain set up a new force, the National Guard (NG), to help protect the country from external military threats and also threats to internal security. It was proposed that the NG would be an elite, lightly armed force. It is organised on the basis of three battalions and has an estimated strength of about 2,000” [accessed November 13, 2008].

101Low Credibility, 24.52, Maloy Krishna Dhar, "The Fulcrum of Eastern Evil: DGFI Directs Terrorism

and Jihad Against India," Frontier India Strategic and Defence, November 1, 2008,

http://frontierindia.net/the-fulcrum-of-eastern-evil-dgfi-directs-terrorism-and-jihad-against-india.

102

High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Central America & the Caribbean > Barbados > Security and Foreign Forces, "There is also a special Financial Investigations Unit, which targets money laundering, financial fraud, and similar offences. There is a 90-strong task force for special operations, which is trained by and liaises directly with the Regional Security System” [accessed October 4, 2008].

103

Herman Matthijs, "Intelligence Services in Belgium", Intelligence and National Security 23, no. 4 (2008): 552-576.

Veiligheid Van de Staat (VS) $51,860,690.13 104 Algemene Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst (AIVD) 18 Belize $1,328,467.68 1,650 19 Benin $6,676,007.02 2,700 20 Bhutan $1,315,962.19 1,650 21 Bolivia $16,750,621.06 477 22 Bosnia and Herzegovina $17,766,451.53 703

Intelligence and Security

Agency (OSA) 703

105

23 Botswana $25,677,600.00 9,800

Directorate of Intelligence

and Security (DIS) $25,677,600.00

106

24 Brazil $63,600,000.00107 1,600108

104Ibid. 105

High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > The Balkans > Bosnia-Herzegovina > Security and Foreign Forces, "A total of 200 agents of the former Intelligence and Security Service of Republika Srpska, which employs some 400 people, and 307 members of the former Federation Security and Intelligence Agency, were sacked on 31 December 2004. In line with the new systematisation, the new OSA will employ 703 people” [accessed September 29, 2008].

106Low Credibility, 24.01, Isaiah Morewagae, “Botswana: Police Chief Unaware of DIS Torture Report,"

AllAfrica Global Media, February 9, 2009,http://allafrica.com/stories/200902080020.html.

107Marco Cepik, "Democratic Control of Intelligence in Brazil,” in Reforming Intelligence: Obstacles to

Democratic Control and Effectiveness, ed. Thomas C. Bruneau and Steven C. Boraz (Austin: University of

Texas Press, 2007), 165,

Brazilian Intelligence

Agency (ABIN) $36,000,000

109

Ministry of Defense

25 Brunei $13,999,413.56 250

Department of Security and

Intelligence 250 110 Directorate of Intelligence (MI) 26 Bulgaria $50,011,373.02 2,050 National Intelligence Service (NIS) Military Information Service (MIS) 27 Burkina Faso $7,794,767.27 469 28 Burma $26,148,014.80 9,800

Office of the Chief of Military Affairs Security

(OCMAS)

29 Burundi $6,900,000.00 2,549

ral+Change+and+Democratic+Control+of+Intelligence+in+Brazil%22&ei=R6qySc_sEpGOMsennPkL&cl ient=firefox-a#PPA169,M1.

108Ibid, 169.

109Marco Cepik and Antunes, Priscila, "Brazil's New Intelligence System: An Institutional

Assessment," International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 16, no. 3 (2003): 370.

110

High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Southeast Asia > Brunei > Security and Foreign Forces. , “Department of Security and Intelligence – 250” [accessed December 12, 2008].

National Intelligence

Service (SNR) $6,900,000

111

30 Cambodia $10,756,644.16 300

Cambodian Intelligence and Research Department (MI)

31 Cameroon $22,358,851.74 10,000

National Security Service (Sureté Nationale)

32 Canada $469,481,900.00 4,128

Canadian Security

Intelligence Service (CSIS) $303,081,900

112 2449113 Communications Security Establishment (CSE) $127,000,000 114 1350115 Transaction and Reports

Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC)

$39,400,000116 329117

33 Cape Verde $1,657,458.23 195

34 Central African

Republic $1,921,035.45 195

111United Nations Department of Peacekeeping, La gouvernance, http://www.bi.undp.org/fr/service_renseigne.htm.

112Canadian Security Intelligence Service, Public Report 2006-2007 (Gatineau: Public Works and

Government Services, 2007), 18,http://www.csis-scrs.gc.ca/pblctns/nnlrprt/2006/rprt2006-eng.pdf.

113Ibid, 15. 114

Roy Rempel, "Canada's Parliamentary Oversight of Security and Intelligence," International Journal of

Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 17, no. 4 (2004): 639.

115Communications Security Establishment Canada, CSEC: An Overview,http://www.cse-cst.gc.ca/home- accueil/about-apropos/overview-survol-eng.html[accessed November 29, 2008].

116

Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada, FINTRAC Annual Report 2008 (Ottawa: 2008), 22,http://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/publications/ar/2008/ar-eng.pdf.

35 Chad $8,070,849.98 469

National Intelligence and Security Service (NISS)

36 Chile $4,000,000.00 2,000 National Intelligence Agency (ANI) $4,000,000 118 2,000119 Directorate of National Defense Intelligence (DIDN) 37 China $4,234,179,531.47 88,050

Ministry of State Security (MSS)

General Staff Department - Second Division (Second

Division) General Political Department - Liaison

Department (Liaison Department) United Front Works

Department 38 Colombia $11,428,800.00 800 Administrative Department of Security (DAS) $11,428,800 120 800121

118High Credibility, 44.3, José Higuera, "Chile set to create a National Intelligence Agency," Jane's

Defense Weekly, March 19, 2003, www.janes.com[accessed March 15, 2009].

119Medium Credibility, 36.88, "Chile," Federation of American Scientists, http://www.fas.org/irp/world/chile/dina.htm[accessed January 3, 2009].

120The original figure, $100 million, represents the total annual budget for DAS, which provides "strategic

intelligence and counterintelligence; investigates crimes that threaten state security such as terrorism, kidnapping, and drug and human trafficking; and all issues concerning immigration." It has a total of 7,000 employees, with 800 working specifically on intelligence. DAS spends approximately $14,286 per

employee (Using $100 million as the total budget and 7,000 as total employees). However, the source also indicates that only 800 work specifically on intelligence. If DAS spent the same per employee ($14,286),

Military Intelligence (DIPOL) 39 Comoros $511,763.07 250 40 Republic of Congo (Brazzaville) $10,364,164.21 300 41 D.R. Congo (Kinshasa) $11,148,162.15 300 National Intelligence Agency (ANR) Military Directorate on Anti-state Activities (DMIAP) 42 Costa Rica $2,164,904.00 195 Security Intelligence Directorate (DIS) $2,164,904 122 43 Côte d'Ivoire $22,613,771.32 2,050

National Security Council

44 Croatia $66,694,656.84 2,500123

the total spent for intelligence would be $11428800. See Steven Boraz, "Colombia," in PSI Handbook of

Global Security and Intelligence: National Approaches, vol. 1, ed. Stuart Farson, Peter Gill, Mark

Phythian, and Shlomo Shpiro (London and Connecticut: Praeger Security International, 2008), 137.

121Steven Boraz, "Colombia," in PSI Handbook of Global Security and Intelligence: National Approaches,

vol. 1, ed. Stuart Farson, Peter Gill, Mark Phythian, and Shlomo Shpiro (London and Connecticut: Praeger Security International, 2008), 137. Also see Steven Boraz, “Establishing Democratic Control of

Intelligence in Colombia," International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 19, no. 1 (2005): 90.

122Paul Chaves, "Los Espías no Bastan: Definiendo las Politicas Públicas en Materia de Servicios de

Inteligenciaen Costa Rica," in Research and Education in Defense and Security Studies (Washington DC: Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies, 2001),http://www.fas.org/irp/world/costa_rica/chaves.html.

123

High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Library > The Balkans > Croatia > Security and Foreign Forces [accessed October 13, 2008].

Security and Intelligence Agency (SOA) Military Security and

Intelligence Agency (VSOA) Croatian Intelligence Service (HIS) 45 Cuba $50,308,618.87 15,000 Directorate General of Intelligence (DGI) 15,000 124

America Department (DA)

46 Cyprus $23,994,184.87 9,800

47 Czech Republic $49,584,953.00 1,600125

Office for Foreign Relations

and Information (ÚZSI/BIS) $49,584,953

126

500127

Military Intelligence (VZ) 800128

124Edward González and Kevin McCarthy, “Cuba After Castro: Legacies, Challenges, and Impediments,”

RAND (Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2004), 44,

http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/2005/RAND_TR131.pdf.

125High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Library > Central Europe and the Baltic

States > Czech Republic > Security and Foreign Forces, "The UZSI is the smallest of the four Czech intelligence services numbering approximately 500 personnel” [accessed October 18, 2008].

126

Security Information Service [BIS], Annual Report of the Security Information Service (BIS) for 2005,

http://www.bis.cz/_english/vz2005/vz2005-9.html[accessed May 5, 2009].

127High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Library > Central Europe and the Baltic

States > Czech Republic > Security and Foreign Forces, "The UZSI is the smallest of the four Czech intelligence services numbering approximately 500 personnel” [accessed October 18, 2008].

128

Kieran Williams and Denis Deletant, Security Intelligence Services in new Democracies: the Czech

48 Denmark $98,022,410.00 700

Defence Intelligence

Service (FE) $98,022,410

129

Danish Security Intelligence

Service (PET) 700 130 49 Djibouti $944,645.37 3,000 Service de la Documentation et de la Sécurité (SDS) 3000131 50 Dominica $350,153.68 250 51 Dominican Republic $43,862,520.45 2,775 52 Ecuador $50,572,196.09 2,050 53 Egypt $155,995,389.31 12,000 Egyptian General Intelligence Service (EGIS)

Military Intelligence (MI)

54 El Salvador $21,273,760.11 3,500

129

Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste [ Danish Defence Intelligence Service], FE's Budget,http://fe- ddis.dk/Om%20FE/Budget/Pages/default.aspx[accessed April 30, 2009].

130Danish Security and Intelligence Service, Organisation and Personnel, http://www.pet.dk/English/Organisation.aspx [accessed April 30, 2009].

131

Autor Localizado, Africa South of the Sahara 2003, 32nded. (Routledge, 2002), 348,

http://books.google.com/books?id=1KBP7QbalX0C&pg=PP1&dq=Africa+South+of+the+Sahara+2003&c lient=firefox-a.

National Directorate of Intelligence (DNI) Ministry of Defense and

Public Security (MI)

55 Equatorial Guinea $17,820,321.32 1,352

56 Eritrea $1,419,853.94 1,650

National Security Office (NSO) 57 Estonia $10,867,484.00 300 Estonian Intelligence Bureau (EIB) $10,867,484 132 300133 58 Ethiopia $24,681,986.75 9,800

National Intelligence and Security Service (NISS)

59 Fiji $3,453,438.79 195

Fiji Intelligence Service (FIS)

60 Finland $263,557,983.06 2,415

General Staff Intelligence Division

132This comes from the Estonian Ministry of Defence Budget for 2007 where it is listed under "Information

Board". See: Estonian Ministry of Defence, "Estonian Ministry of Defence Budget 2007," Ministry of

Defence,http://www.mod.gov.ee/?op=body&id=439[accessed March 2, 2009].

133

Robert Henderson, Brassey's International Intelligence Yearbook: 2003 Edition (Washington DC: Brassey's Inc, 2007), 257.

61 France $636,492,097.00 9,166

General Division of

External Security (DGSE) $538,915,500

134 4,406135 Directorate of Military Intelligence (DRM) $12,192,036 136 1,700137 Directorate of Territorial Surveillance (DST) $73,000,000 138 1,500139 Direction de la Protection et de la Securite de la Defense (DPSD) $12,384,561140 1,560141 62 Gabon $13,966,706.90 2,625 63 Gambia $777,264.22 250

134High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Library > Western Europe > France >

Security and Foreign Forces, "As of 2007, the DGSE employed 4,406 personnel, of which two-thirds were civilian and a third military. Military personnel are predominantly attached to the 44th Infantry Regiment. The DGSE has a budget of EUR445 million (excluding the wages of military personnel), translating to 0.9 per cent of the Ministry of Defence's budget. The DGSE operates out of two primary stations, Mortier and Tourelles, located in Paris. Although attached to the Ministry of Defence, the DGSE is highly dependent on the prime minister's office at Matignon” [accessed December 19, 2008].

135Ibid.

136European Parliament, Report on the Existence of a Global System for the Interception of Private and

Commercial Communications, Report A5-0264/2001PAR1, July 11, 2001, 173,

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+REPORT+A5-2001- 0264+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN[accessed April 30, 2009].

137Ibid.

138Hans Born and Marina Caparini, ed., Democratic Control of Intelligence Services: Containing Rogue

Elephants (Ashgate Publishing, 2007), 131,

http://books.google.com/books?id=FUtNtTJVe6EC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Democratic+Control+of+Int elligence+Services:+Containing+Rogue&ei=NmgJSszUHaG2zQTqzeiQDw&client=firefox-a#PPA131,M1

[accessed May 5, 2009].

139

European Parliament, Report on the Existence of a Global System for the Interception of Private and

Commercial Communications, Report A5-0264/2001PAR1, July 11, 2001, 173,

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//NONSGML+REPORT+A5-2001- 0264+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN [accessed April 30, 2009].

140

Low Credibility, 32.25, "Exclusive: How DPSD Operates," Intelligence Newsletter, July 12, 2000,

www.nexis.com.

National Intelligence Agency (NIA)

64 Georgia $12,380,433.76 200

Foreign Intelligence and

Security Service (FISS) 200

142

65 Germany $515,661,895.00 7,250

Federal Intelligence Service

(BND) $515,661,895

143

6,000144

Military Security Service

(MAD) 1,250 145 Intelligence Service (G-2) 66 Ghana $15,510,653.77 477 Defence Intelligence Agency 67 Greece $343,948,073.89 2,929 National Intelligence Service (EYP) 2,929 146 142

"Gela Bezuashvili; Tblissi," Intelligence Online, February 14, 2008,www.nexis.com.

143Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, The 2006 Budget: Chancellor and Federal

Chancellery,http://www.bundesregierung.de/nn_6562/Content/EN/Artikel/2006/03/2006-03-29-the-2006- budget-chancellor-and-federal-chancellery.html.

144

Bundesnachrichtendienst, Herzlich Willkommen beim Arbeitgeber,

http://www.bnd.de/cln_090/nn_1365968/DE/JobsUndKarriere/JobsUndKarriere__node.html?__nnn=true

[accessed May 2,2009].

145Robert Henderson, Brassey's International Intelligence Yearbook: 2003 Edition (Washington, DC:

Brassey's Inc, 2003), 71.

146

John M. Nomikos, "Greek Intelligence Service (NIS-EYP): Past, Present and Future," National Security

Independent Intelligence Branch (MI)

68 Grenada $614,692.87 250

Grenada Drug Information Network 69 Guatemala $37,474,139.67 5,500 Military Intelligence Directorate (MI) Secretariat of Strategic Analysis (SAE) 70 Guinea $4,369,225.34 5,500 71 Guinea-Bissau $443,463.87 250 72 Guyana $1,087,015.55 1,650 73 Haiti $6,687,550.54 2,700 74 Honduras $13,588,656.36 2,625 75 Hungary $150,339,060.60 5,750 Military Intelligence Service (KFH) Military Counter- Intelligence Service (KBH)

Foreign Intelligence Service (IH)

76 Iceland $16,881,447.71 477

77 India $178,120,639.00 18,000

Research and Analysis

Wing (RAW) $31,000,000

147

8,000148

Intelligence Bureau (IB) 10,000149

National Technical Facilities Organisation (NTFO) $147,120,639150 Defence Intelligence Agency (DIA) 78 Indonesia $492,297,799.83 5,689 National Intelligence Agency (BIN) Strategic Intelligence Agency (BAIS) 79 Iran $400,000,000 17,000

Ministry of Intelligence and

Security (MOIS) $400,000,000

151

15,000152

147Robert Henderson, Brassey's International Intelligence Yearbook: 2003 Edition (Washington DC:

Brassey's Inc., 2003), 78.

148Ibid.

149Low Credibility, 30.9, Maloy Krishna Dhar, interview by Susheela Menon, "Keep Up the Pressure, Says

Former IB operator," India Together, January 12, 2009,http://www.indiatogether.org/2009/jan/ivw- dhar.htm[accessed March 25, 2009].

150

Low Credibility, 33.37, Sanjay Singh, "New Intelligence Agency Set Up," The Pioneer (New Delhi), April 7, 2003,http://www.fas.org/irp/world/india/ntfo.html.

Intelligence Directorate (MI) 2,000 153 80 Iraq $87,448,958.19 10,000 General Security Directorate 4,000 154 Military Intelligence Service 6,000 155 81 Ireland $262,930,784.70 2,415 Military Intelligence (G-2) 82 Israel $194,086,145.77 8,200

Institute for Espionage and

Special Tasks (Mossad) 1,200

156

151Estate of Yael Botvin et al. v. The Islamic Republic of Iran, United States District Court for the District

of Columbia, Civil Action No.: 05-220 (RMU), January 28, 2005, 8,

http://nefafoundation.org/miscellaneous/FeaturedDocs/Botvin_v_Iran_Complaint.pdf.

152Anthony Cordesman and Khalid Al-Rodhan, Gulf Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Wars

(Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies), 404,

http://books.google.com/books?id=QaosFaOqzrEC&pg=PA235&lpg=PA235&dq=General+Intelligence+P residency+(GIP)&source=bl&ots=7mcs-

ArTL0&sig=1hZp3Ol0xjxqnqTwQDd_RwxPfYU&hl=en&ei=NvXsScyAKp7Itge-

uojOBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10#PPA233,M1[accessed April 20, 2009]. Also see High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Gulf States > Iran > Security and Foreign Forces, “The agency is believed to have approximately 15,000 officers and support staff. MOIS differs from SAVAK in that its personnel are all civilians” [accessed April 20, 2009].

153High Credibility, 44.3, Janes.com > Sentinel Country Risk Assessments Library > Gulf States > Iran >

Security and Foreign Forces, The Intelligence Directorate of the IRGC is relatively small, boasting no more than 2,000 officers. Its officers are heavily vetted for ideological conformity, and unlike the VEVAK, their loyalty to the Islamic regime is beyond doubt." [accessed November 15, 1008]. See also Mahan Abedin, "The Iranian Intelligence Services and the War On Terror," Terrorism Monitor 2, no. 10 (2005),

http://www.jamestown.org/programs/gta/single/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=393&tx_ttnews[backPid]=179&no_ca che=1[accessed on April 10, 2009].

154Ibrahim Al-Marashi, "Iraq's Security and Intelligence Network: A Guide and Analysis," Middle East

Review of International Affairs 6, no. 3 (2002),http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2002/issue3/jv6n3a1.html.

155

Anthony H. Cordesman and Arleigh A. Burke, "Iraqi Intelligence and Security Forces and Capabilities for Popular Warfare," Center for Strategic and International Studies, January 16, 2003, 7,

Military Intelligence Branch

(Aman) 7,000

157

Research and Political Planning Center

83 Italy $2,225,874,049.52 3,500

Intelligence and Democratic

Security Service (SISDE) 1,500

158

Service for Information and Military Security (SISDE)

Security and Intelligence

Division (RIS) 2,000

159

84 Jamaica $13,849,347.70 2,625

Defence Force Intelligence Unit (HQ JDF Int Unit)

85 Japan $4,736,464,406.93 4,100160

Cabinet Intelligence and

Research Office (CIRO) 170

161

Cabinet Satellite

Intelligence Center (CSICE) 300

162

156Paul Todd and Jonathan Bloch, Global Intelligence: The World's Secret Services Today (London: Zed

Books, 2003), 152-153.

157Ibid.

158Robert Henderson, Brassey's International Intelligence Yearbook: 2003 Edition (Washington DC:

Brassey's Inc, 2003), 103.

159

Ibid, 103-104.

160Ken Kotani, "Current State of Intelligence and Intelligence Issues in Japan," The National Institute for

Defense Studies News 100 (2006): 2,

http://www.nids.go.jp/english/dissemination/briefing/2006/pdf/100.pdf.

161

Hajime Kitaoka, "Japan," in PSI Handbook of Global Security and Intelligence: National Approaches, vol. 1, ed. Stuart Farson, Peter Gill, Mark Phythian, and Shlomo Shpiro (London and Connecticut: Praeger Security International, 2008), 266.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs Intelligence and Analysis

Service (IAS)

80163

Defense Intelligence

Headquarters 2,300

164

Public Security Intelligence

Agency (PSIA) 1,500 165 86 Jordan $19,268,072.12 1,352 General Intelligence Department (GID) 87 Kazakhstan $127,199,096.80 5,750 National Security Committee - Syrbar (KNB) Defence Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence (GRU)

88 Kenya $21,229,784.00 5,000

National Security

Intelligence Service (NSIS) $21,229,784

166

5,000167

Military Intelligence (MI)

162Ken Kotani, "Current State of Intelligence and Intelligence Issues in Japan," The National Institute for

Defense Studies News, no. 100 (2006), 2,

http://www.nids.go.jp/english/dissemination/briefing/2006/pdf/100.pdf.

163

Ibid, 271.

164Ibid, 268. 165Ibid, 270.

166Low Credibility, 24.11, Fred Mukinda, "Battle Lines Drawn Over Election Violence Report," Daily

Nation, October 22, 2008,http://www.nation.co.ke/News/-/1056/483076/-/view/printVersion/-/thp3kkz/- /index.html.

89 Kiribati $131,788.61 250

90 North Korea $14,191,805.69 477

State Security Department, Communications Interception Bureau Reconnaissance Bureau (MPAF) 91 South Korea $1,000,000,000.00 9,000 National Intelligence Service (NIS) $1,000,000,000 168 9,000169 Defense Intelligence Command (DIC) 92 Kosovo $3,659,298.37 1,045 93 Kuwait $152,075,399.60 6,000

Kuwait State Security

(KSS) 6,000

170

94 Kyrgyzstan $3,432,795.00 195

168

Jon Moran, "South Korea," in PSI Handbook of Global Security and Intelligence: National Approaches vol. 1, ed. Stuart Farson, Peter Gill, Mark Phythian, and Shlomo Shpiro (London and Connecticut: Praeger Security International, 2008), 287.

169Ibid. 170

The Kuwait State Security is also referenced by other sources as the National Guard. The source here describes the duties of the guard as, “providing assistance to the military and security forces, in addition to the execution of any assignment entrusted to it by the Higher Defense Council, such as safeguarding establishments and utilities of a sensitive nature and importance.” This description indicates, at the qualitative level, to the researcher that it is an intelligence agency. See Anthony Cordesman and Khalid al-

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