This report has produced four major headline results; this appendix describes the official data sources used for each result.
1. The contribution of the sport and recreation sector (narrowly defined) to GDP in 2008/09 is estimated to have been $3.8 billion, or 2.1 per cent.
The primary data source is Table 5 of Statistics New Zealand’s Excel spreadsheet entitled “na-mar09yr-all-tables(1)”. This table shows Contribution to Gross Domestic Product by Industry (reference SNCA). To produce estimates for industries at a narrower level than shown in this table, Census employment data were used. These data come from Table 17 for the 2006 Census, showing the Census usually resident population count for industries based on the ANZSIC06 V1.0 classification system.
2. The contribution of the sport and recreation sector (broadly defined) to GDP in 2008/09 is estimated to have been $4.5 billion, or 2.4 per cent.
The estimate begins with the first major headline result and then adds three items. The first item is an estimate of the total income earned by people employed in sport and recreation occupations outside the sport and recreation industries. The count of people in the 2006 Census who fit this description was provided on request by Statistics New Zealand (Reference Number: JOB-01185). The income data come from Table 6.11 for the 2006 Census, which analyses the Census returns by occupation (ANZSCO V1.0) and age group (5- year groups), urban/rural area, total personal income and sex.
The second item is central government value-added spending on sport and recreation education in primary and secondary schools. Total central government spending on salaries in primary and secondary education comes from the New Zealand Treasury’s Performance Information for Appropriations 2010/11 (Doc. B.5A). The proportion of total salary spending on primary and secondary education is based on the number of topics related to sport and recreation in The National Curriculum.
The third item is local government value-added spending on net additions to fixed assets for recreation and sport. The data for total spending on this category comes from Statistic New Zealand’s Local Authority Census, supplied on request to SPARC for this project. To convert this total expenditure item into a value-added item, the value-added to expenditure ratio for the construction sector was used, supplied by Geoff Butcher of Butcher Partners Ltd.
3. The contribution of sport and recreation to GDP including volunteer services in 2008/09 is estimated to have been $5.2 billion, or 2.8 per cent.
The estimate begins with the second major headline result and then adds the value of volunteered services. The base data source is the Non-profit Institutions Satellite Account: 2004, published by Statistics New Zealand (2007). This provides an estimate of the market value of an hour of volunteer work in March 2004 and an estimate of the market value of all hours of unpaid work to the non-profit sector in the 2003/04 financial year.
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Based on data from the 2007/08 Active New Zealand survey, SPARC provided the estimate of the total number of volunteer hours contributed to the sport and recreation sector.
4. The total value of sport and recreation to New Zealanders in 2008/09 is estimated to have been at least $12.2 billion if the opportunity cost of time is included.
The estimate begins with the third major headline result and then adds an estimate of the value of the opportunity cost of time spent in sport and recreation activities. The data on number of hours spent per person per week on these activities come from the 2007/08 Active New Zealand survey (for adults) and from the National Survey of Children and Young People’s Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviours in New Zealand: 2008/09 (for children). These data were scaled up to national aggregates using total estimated resident population data, analysed by age, contained in Table 1.06 of Statistics New Zealand’s population tables. The opportunity cost values of these totals were estimated using the value of New Zealand’s statutory minimum wage.
RESEARCH REPORTS:
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Kaye-Blake, W., Saunders, C. and Ferguson, L. 2007 297 Comparative Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
of New Zealand’s and the UK’s Dairy Industry Saunders, Caroline and Barber, Andrew 2007 298 Amenity Values of Spring Fed Streams and Rivers
in Canterbury, New Zealand: A Methodological Exploration
Kerr, Geoffrey N. and Swaffield, Simon R. 2007 299 Air Freight Transport of Fresh Fruit and Vegetables
Saunders, Caroline and Hayes, Peter 2007 300 Rural Population and Farm Labour Change
Mulet-Marquis, Stephanie and Fairweather, John R. 2008
301 New Zealand Farm Structure Change and Intensification
Mulet-Marquis, Stephanie and Fairweather, John R. 2008
302 A Bioeconomic Model of Californian Thistle in New Zealand Sheep Farming
Kaye-Blake, W. and Bhubaneswor, D. 2008 303 The Impact of Wilding Trees on Indigenous
Biodiversity: A Choice Modelling Study Kerr, Geoffrey N. and Sharp, Basil M.H. 2007
304 Cultural Models of GE Agriculture in the United States (Georgia) and New Zealand (Canterbury)
Rinne, Tiffany 2008
305 Farmer Level Marketing: Case Studies in the South Island, of New Zealand
Bowmar, Ross K. 2008
306 The Socio Economic Status of the South Island High country
Greer, Glen 2008
307 Potential Impacts of Biopharming on New Zealand: Results from the Lincoln Trade and Environment Model
Kaye-Blake, William, Saunders, Caroline, de Arãgao Pereira, Mariana 2008
308 The Key Elements of Success and Failure in the NZ Sheep Meat Industry from 1980 - 2007
McDermott, A., Saunders, C., Zellman, E., Hope, T. and Fisher, A. 2008
309 Public Opinion on Freshwater Issues and Management in Canterbury
Cook, Andrew 2008
310 Biodiversity Management: Lake Rotoiti Choice Modelling Study
Kerr, Geoffrey N. and Sharp, Basil N.H. 2008 311 The Key Elements of Success and Failure in the NZ
Kiwifruit Industry
Kilgour, M., Saunders, C., Scrimgeour, F. and Zellman, E. 2008
312 The Key Elements of Success and Failure in the NZ Venison Industry
Shadbolt, N.M., McDermott, A., Williams, C., Payne, T., Walters, D. and Xu, Y. 2008
313 The Key Elements of Success and Failure in the NZ Dairy Industry
Conforte, D., Garnevska, E., Kilgour, M., Locke, S. and Scrimgeour, F. 2008
314 A Review of Research on Economic Impacts of Climate Change
Kaye-Blake, W., Greenhalgh, S., Turner, J., Holbek, E., Sinclair, R., Matunga,, T. and Saunders, C. 2009 315 Managerial Factors in Primary Production: Data from
a sample of New Zealand Farmers with an Emphasis on Experience as a Factor in Success
Nuthall, Peter 2009
316 Modelling Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Forestry with the extended LTEM (Lincoln Trade and Environment Model)
Saunders, C., Kaye-Blake, W. and Turner, J. 2009 317 Economic Strategy Issuesfor the New Zealand Region
in the Global Economy
Saunders, Caroline, Dalziel, Paul and Kaye-Blake, William 2009
318 Multi-agent Simulation Models in Agriculture: A Review of their Construction and Uses
Kaye-Blake, W., Li, F. Y., Martin, A. M., McDermott, A., Rains, S., Sinclair, S. and Kira, A. 2010
319 Sustainability Trends in Key Overseas Markets: Market Drivers and Implications to Increase Value for New Zealand Exports
Saunders, C., Guenther, M. and Driver, T. 2010 320 The Socio-technical Networks of Technology Users’
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