Application Of The Conceptual Framework Based On Betty Newman’s System Model For The Present Study

Basic structure and energy resources

The basic structure or central core is made up of basic survival factors. This

denotes the philosophical basis in wholeness, wellness, motivation, energy and stress

free life with good quality of sleep.[68]

The key components of the Basic Structure Client System are composed of

The basic structure interacts with the internal and external environment and

achieves the optimal wellness, stability then the revitalization occurs.

In this study this represents, the stress free life with good quality of sleep among

adolescents as there is dynamic interaction with the internal and external environment.

To achieve the optimal stress free life with good quality of sleep , the open

system is surrounded by concentric rings. This core is positively and negatively

reciprocated with environment. The system may adjust to the environment or to itself.

As the core strives to balance with the environment there are various factors

which interplay between these two phenomena that are called Stressors.

When the stressors positively affect the core structure, the adolescents perceive

an optimum stress free life with good quality of sleep.

Stressors

Stressors in this study refers to the stimuli that produce tension and potential

for causing the system to have more stress and poor quality of sleep. It is the adolescent

system's perception that determines the impact as optimum and poor.

The adolescents interacts constantly with one or more stressors at given time.

The stressors create an impact on their physical and psychological health, which is

determined by type, nature and intensity of the stressor and amount of energy received

by the basic structure.

The stressors are classified as

i) Intra stressors like age, gender, genetic impact and presence of darkness around eyes.

ii) Intrapersonal stressors that occur outside but which is proximal to the client system like class of study, number of spouses, type of family,

education of parents, occupation of parents, monthly income of the

family, number of working days per week, number of working hours at

school, number of study hours at school and at home, extracurricular

activities at school and home etc.,

iii) Extra personal stressor are distal to the client system i.e., outside the boundaries like religion, place of residence and lifestyle factors like

study habit, sleep habit, play habit etc.,

Lines of Resistance

The Lines of Resistance protect the Basic Structure and is activated when the

normal line of defence is invaded by environmental stressor. Line of Resistance is the

reaction to the stressors. The Lines of Resistance is considered to be the adaptive ability

and when it is effective basic structure response is also effective. If the supportive

system is not effective, energy depletes which may lead to severe stress and poor quality

of sleep.

Normal Line of Defense

It is the baseline to represent the stability and wellness in the structure. It denotes

the supportive system of the adolescents. It implies the support system received from

Family and Education system.

Any stressor may invade the adaptive ability. When the supportive system is

apparent in symptoms of instability or illness which may lead to severe stress and poor

quality of sleep and vice versa.

Flexible Line of Defense

It is the outer boundary and initial response and acts as a cushion to protect the

normal line of defense. Flexible Line of Defense is dynamic and altered over a period

by stressors.

Environment

Environment denotes the internal and external factors that influence the level of

stress and quality of sleep among adolescents.

i) Internal environment denotes adolescents personal System

ii) External environment implies adolescents family and social system.

iii) Created environment represents the interlink of family, community and education institutions.

These environments exchange the energy and mobilization occur which leads

to integration and stability.

Health

It is the optimal system stability and denoted as optimal stress free life with

good quality of sleep which is in dynamic interaction with environmental stressors. The

optimal stress free life with good quality of sleep moves towards inadequacy (entropy)

when more energy is needed than available and adequacy (negentropy) when more

Reaction

It is the outcome of dynamic interaction between the Basic Structure and

Environmental Stressors.

Intervention

Denotes primary, secondary and tertiary prevention to retain, attain and

maintain system balance, intervention mode may be used simultaneously. The focus in

this study is on primary and secondary level prevention where the investigator

strengthen the internal line of resistance i.e., adaptive ability to protect or enhance the

optimal stress free life with good quality of sleep and regain the stability to counter the

response by means of mindfulness meditation and tai chi chuan, which will be

implemented by the investigator over a period of 8 weeks time.

Mindfulness meditation

Mindfulness meditation is a type of mental training. At the most fundamental level, it works because of neuroplasticity, which literally means that neurons are

malleable. In essence the brain has the ability to change its structure and function

depending on what neural circuitry is used. Mindfulness training has been shown to

strengthen regions of the brain associated with attention and executive function,

interoception and mental flexibility. Mindfulness training has also been shown to

attenuate activity in the amygdala (limbic area of brain associated with fear).

Inattentiveness (or mindlessness) in everyday activities is associated with stress

Tai Chi Chuan

Tai Chi Chuan refers to a mind and body practice to improve health and well-

being. Tai Chi, a form of Chinese low impact mind-body exercise, has been practiced

for centuries for health and fitness in the East and is currently gaining popularity in the

West. Significant improvement has been reported in balance, strength, flexibility,

cardiovascular and respiratory function, as well as pain reduction and improved quality

of life. Several recent reviews have suggested that Tai Chi appears to improve mood

and enhance overall psychological well-being.

Nursing

 The mental health nurse helps the adolescents to attain, maintain and retain the stress free life with good quality of sleep.

 The mental health nurse assess the level of stress, quality of sleep among adolescents and identify the possible and potential stressors.

 The mental health nurse assist the adolescents to adjust and adapt to the stressors to achieve adequate stress free life and good quality of life through

mindfulness meditation and tai chi chuan.

 The mental health nurse provides the linkage between the adolescents, family system and created environment thus assisting them to enhance their stress free

life with good quality of sleep.

 Thus, by adapting the Betty Neumann’s System’s model the investigator will be able to create an environment by providing mindfulness meditation and tai

chi chuan to promote stress free life with good quality of sleep among

Z ENHANCEMENT STRESSORS Factors Identified, classified as Intra personal factors Age, gender, chronicity of illness, diet pattern, anthropometric variables, vital signs Interpersonal factors Education, marital status, monthly income family history of hypertension, no. of family members Extra personal factors Religion, occupation, life style factors, diet pattern, quantity and pattern of oil, pickle, refined cereals, milk products, fast food, beverages, dried fish, fried items, smoking, alcohol, skipping of meals* BASIC STRUCTURE ADOLESCENT' S STRESS FREE LIFE WITH GOOD QUALITY OF SLEEP D C O N - N U R S E R E S E A R C H E R NURSING DIAGNOSIS Assess the Adolescent’s Background variable, stress & sleep

NURSING