i) arguments passed by value: when an arguments pass by value any change for the value

IN PHP IN PERL

8. i) arguments passed by value: when an arguments pass by value any change for the value

inside the function owned be reflected in the variable outside the function

ii) Arguments passed by reference: - when an argument pass by resource and change for the

inside with be refer to the variable outside the function

Ex: -

<?php

function test($x,&$y){ $x +=2;

echo 'The Value of $x = ',$x,' '; echo 'The Value of $y = ',$y,' '; }

$a = 5; $b = 10;

echo '$a = ',$a,' ';//5 echo '$b = ',$b,' ';//10 test($a,$b);

echo '$a = ',$a,' ';//5 echo '$b = ',$b,' ';//10 ?> Built-in functions: - Math functions: - Ex: - <?php

echo 'Math Pi Value = ',M_PI,' '; echo 'Math Pi Value = ',M_PI_2,' '; echo 'Math Pi Value = ',M_PI_4,' '; echo 'Eulers Constant = ',M_E,' '; echo 'SQRT 2 = ',M_SQRT2,' '; echo 'SQRT 2 = ',M_SQRT1_2,' '; echo 'Log of 2 = ',log(2),' ';

echo 'Log base 10 of 2 = ',log10(2),' '; echo 'Absolute Value = ',abs(-9),' '; echo 'Exponent of 1 = ',exp(2),' '; echo 'pi() = ',pi(),' ';

echo 'ceil value = ',ceil(2.1111),' '; echo 'Floor Value = ',floor(2.9999),' '; echo 'round = ',round(2.51458),' '; echo 'round = ',round(2.51558,2),' ';

echo 'rad2deg(M_PI) = ',rad2deg(M_PI),' '; echo 'rad2deg(M_PI) = ',rad2deg(M_PI_2),' '; echo 'rad2deg(M_PI) = ',rad2deg(M_PI_4),' '; echo 'deg2rad = ',deg2rad(180),' ';

echo 'sin 90 = ',sin(M_PI_2),' '; echo 'tan 45 = ',tan(M_PI_4),' '; echo 'hypot value = ',hypot(3,4),' ';

echo 'rand(min,max) = ',rand(100,1000),' '; echo 'min value = ',min(10,20,30),' '; echo 'max Value = ',max(2.999,2.998),' '; ?>

Date & time functions: -

Date: - date is the pre-defined constant in php. It will generate current date according to the no

of arguments pass

Check date(): - let us known the validate in a year

j----> represents day of the month without leading zeros l---->view letter represents of the day of the way

L---> whether it’s a leap year (or) not

W---> week number of year weeks starts from Monday

w----> numerical represents of day of the way 0 for Monday through 6 for Saturday S---> English original safix for the day of the month two character ex: -st ,nd, rd,th F----> a full representation of the month such as January (or) March

M---> short representation of the month such as jan (or) mar

m---> numerical representation of the month with leading zero’s means 0-12 n---> numerical representation of month without zero’s which is 1-12

d---> number of days given in a month 28 (or) 31 y---> two digits representation of a year

Y---> it is representation of the full year

Time: -no of milliseconds sec right from unique time stamp

a---> lowercase ante meridiem and post meridiem A---> uppercase ante meridiem and post meridiem B---> swatch internet time

g---> 12- hours format of an hour without leading zeros G---> 24- hour format of an hour without leading zeros h---> 12- hours format of an hour with leading zeros H--->24- hours format of an hour with leading zeros

i---> minutes with leading zero’s s---> seconds with leading zero’s

u---> microseconds (added in php 5.2.2)

Ex: -

<?php

echo 'Time zone set to : ',@date_default_timezone_get(),' '; date_default_timezone_set('America/Denver');

echo 'Time zone set to : ',@date_default_timezone_get(),' '; echo 'Today Date : ',@date("M-dS-Y, h:i:s a"),' <hr>'; date_default_timezone_set('America/Los_Angeles');

echo 'Time zone set to : ',@date_default_timezone_get(),' '; echo 'Today Date : ',@date("M-dS-Y, h:i:s a"),' <hr>'; date_default_timezone_set('Asia/Calcutta');

echo 'Time zone set to : ',@date_default_timezone_get(),' '; echo 'Today Date : ',@date("M-dS-Y, h:i:s A"),' <hr>'; var_dump(checkdate(02,29,1975));

echo '<hr>No of milliseconds from Unix time Constant ',time(),' '; echo '<hr>Feature Date & time ';

echo 'Event is on : ',(date("M-dS-Y, h:i:s a",mktime(7,9,52,8,23,2012))),' <hr>'; echo date('Y'); ?>

Array built-in function: -

$a = array(10,20,30); function r($arr,$func=''){ if(!empty($func)){ echo "<h2 align='center'>$func</h2>"; } foreach($arr as $k=>$v){ echo "$k = $v "; } echo '<hr>'; }

echo 'Array count = ',count($a),' '; echo 'Size of = ',sizeof($a),' ';

echo 'Sum of Array = ',array_sum($a),' '; echo 'Product of Array = ',array_product($a),' '; $a = array('Name'=>'Rajesh','Age'=>30,'Status'=>'Active','Email'=>'[email protected]','Gender'=>'Mal e'); r($a,'Normal Array'); $b = array_change_key_case($a,CASE_UPPER); r($b,'Upper Case'); $b = array_change_key_case($a,CASE_LOWER); r($b,'Lower Case'); $b = array_flip($a);

r($b,'Array Flip');

$b = array_change_key_case(array_flip($a),CASE_UPPER); r($b,'Array Flip Values');

$a = array('Doctor','Fruit','Software'); $b = array('Patient','Orange','PHP'); r(array_combine($a,$b),'Array Combine'); $a = array('Name'=>'Rajesh','Age'=>30,'Status'=>'Active','Email'=>'[email protected]','Gender'=>'Mal e');

echo '<h2 align="center">Array Chunk</h2>'; $b = array_chunk($a,3); echo '<pre>'; print_r($b); echo '</pre>'; $a = array(10,20,30); $b = array(10,20,40,50); r(array_merge($a,$b),'Array Merge'); r(array_intersect($a,$b),'Array Intersect'); r(array_diff($a,$b),'Array Diff'); $a = array('[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected] om'); r(array_unique($a),'Array Unique'); r(array_reverse($a),'Array Reverse');

$a = array(10,20,30); array_unshift($a,5); r($a,'Unshift Method'); array_shift($a); r($a,'shift Method'); array_push($a,40); r($a,'Push Method'); array_pop($a); r($a,'Pop Method'); $ns = $ss = $as = $ks = array('Name'=>'Rajesh','Age'=>30,'Status'=>'Active','Email'=>'[email protected]','Gender'=>'Mal e'); r($ns,'Normal Array'); sort($ss); r($ss,'Sorted Array'); rsort($ss);

r($ss,'Reverse Sort Array'); asort($as);

r($as,'Associative Sort Array'); arsort($as);

r($as,'Associative Reverse Sort Array'); ksort($ks);

krsort($ks);

r($ks,'Key Sort Reverse Method');

echo "<h2 align='center'>array_key_exists , array_search , in_array</h2>"; $a =

array('Name'=>'Rajesh','Age'=>30,'Status'=>'Active','Email'=>'[email protected]','Gender'=>'Mal e');

echo 'Do i have Email Feild : ',var_dump(array_key_exists('Gender',$a)),' '; echo 'Do we have Value with some : ',var_dump(array_search(30,$a)),' '; echo 'Do we have Value with some : ',var_dump(in_array('Male',$a)),' '; $a =

array('Name'=>'Rajesh','Age'=>30,'Status'=>'Active','Email'=>'[email protected]','Gender'=>'Mal e');

r(array_keys($a),'Array Keys Calling'); r(array_values($a),'Array Value Calling');

$str = 'Hey i am from India & my name is Praveen'; $b = explode(" ",$str);

//print_r($b);echo ' ';

echo 'The Length of your total Words = ',count($b),' <hr>'; for($i=0;$i<count($b);$i++){

echo 'The index at ',$i,' = ',$b[$i],' '; }

$a =

array('[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected] m','[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected]');

print_r($a);

$b = implode(',',$a);

To : <input type='text' name='name' value='<?php echo $b;?>' size='60'/> <hr>

<?php

$a = array('born','child','teen','father','dead'); r($a,'Normal Array');

echo 'The Present Pointer is at : ',current($a),' And the Key is at ',key($a),' '; echo 'Next : ',next($a),' ';

echo 'The Present Pointer is at : ',current($a),' And the Key is at ',key($a),' '; echo 'Previous location : ',prev($a),' ';

echo 'The Present Pointer is at : ',current($a),' And the Key is at ',key($a),' '; echo 'End Value : ',end($a),' ';

echo 'The Present Pointer is at : ',current($a),' And the Key is at ',key($a),' '; echo 'The Present Pointer is at : ',current($a),' And the Key is at ',key($a),' '; echo 'Reset ',reset($a),' ';

echo 'The Present Pointer is at : ',current($a),' And the Key is at ',key($a),'<hr>'; $a = array('Name'=>'Rajesh','Age'=>30);

r(Each($a),'Each Method'); r(Each($a),'Each Method');

list($gb,$intel,$dell) = $a;

echo "$gb & $intel together makes $dell faster <hr>"; $str = "write some large text matter.";

echo $str,' <hr>';

echo '<h2>Wordwrap</h2>'; echo wordwrap($str,20,' ',true); ?>

String builtin function: -

<?php echo '<h2>';

$str = "lamp institute";

echo "Normal String = ",$str,' ';

echo "Length of String = ",strlen($str),' '; echo "To Upper Case = ",strtoUpper($str),' '; echo "To Lower Case = ",strtoLower($str),' '; echo "Upper case First Word = ",ucfirst($str),' '; echo "Upper case words = ",ucwords($str),' '; echo 'Reverse = ',strrev($str),' ';

echo '<hr>';

echo 'Position of str = ',strpos($str,'t'),' '; echo 'last Position of str = ',strrpos($str,'t'),' ';

echo 'Position insensitive = ',stripos($str,'lamp'),' '; echo 'last position at t insensitive = ',strripos($str,'T'),' '; echo 'strstr will extract the entire string : ',strstr($str,"In"),' '; echo 'strstr will extract the entire string : ',stristr($str,"in"),' '; $name = 'Rajesh Kumar';

echo "substr = ",substr($name,0),' '; echo "substr = ",substr($name,7,4),' '; echo "substr = ",substr($name,-5,-1),' '; $url = 'http://www.google.com?status=active'; $url .= '&';

echo 'substr = ',substr($url,0,-1),' ';

echo 'replace = ',str_ireplace('lamp','Apache',$str),' ';

$a = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789'; echo str_shuffle($a),'<hr>'; echo substr(str_shuffle($a),0,12); echo '<hr>'; $name = "O'henry"; echo $name,' '; echo addslashes($name),' '; echo stripslashes('O\'henry'),' ';

echo strip_tags("Hi i am not feeling well"); echo '<hr>';echo '<h2>';

$pwd = 'computer';

echo 'Original Name : ',$pwd,' ';

echo '<h1 align="center">One Way Encrypt</h1>';

echo 'Encrypt with MD5 = ',md5($pwd),' ';//32 char value

echo 'Encrypt with MD5 strict = ',md5($pwd,true),' ';//16 bit binary format echo 'Encrypt with sha1 = ',sha1($pwd),' ';//40 char vlaue

echo 'Encrypt with sha1 strict= ',sha1($pwd,true),' ';//20 binary vlaue echo 'Crypt = ',crypt($pwd),' ';

echo 'crypt salt = ',crypt($pwd,'d4'),' ';

echo '<h1 align="center">Encrypt & Decrypt Method</h1>'; echo 'encrypt = ',base64_encode($pwd),' ';

echo 'decrypt = ',base64_decode('Y29tcHV0ZXI='),' '; echo '<h1 align="center">Url Encode & Decode</h1>'; $url = 'http://www.lamp.com?status=success&id=7&pid=20'; echo 'Original url = ',$url,' ';

echo 'encode = ',urlencode($url),' ';

echo 'decode = ',urldecode('http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lamp.com%3Fstatus%3Dsuccess%26id %3D7%26pid%3D20'),' <hr>';

echo '<pre>';

$name = " Rajesh ";

echo 'My name is :',$name,' '; echo 'My name is :',rtrim($name),' '; echo 'My name is :',ltrim($name),' ';

echo 'My name is :',trim($name),' '; echo '</pre>';

Path: -

FILE:- The full path and filename of the file. If used inside an include, always contains an

absolute path with symlinks

LINE:-The current line number of the file. DIR:-The directory of the file.

Realpath:-Returns absolute pathname

Basename:-Returns filename component of path Ex: -

<?php

echo "File Information : ",__FILE__,' '; echo "Base Name : ",basename(__FILE__),' '; echo "Directory Name : ",dirname(__FILE__),' '; echo "Directory Name : ",__dir__,' ';

echo "real Path : ",realpath(__FILE__),' '; //echo "real Path : ",realpath('../..'),' '; echo "Line NO : ",__LINE__,' '; echo '<hr>';

$a = pathinfo(__FILE__); //print_r($a);

foreach($a as $k=>$v){ echo $k,' = ',$v,' ';

}

File-function: -

In document php - notes (Page 141-155)