2-4. Automatic Tool Length Offset Function
3. Automatic Tool Length Offset/Automatic Tool Breakage Detection Function for Special Tools and AttachmentsDetection Function for Special Tools and Attachments
This section deals with the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection function for special tools and attachments. If no such tools or attachments are used, this section may be skipped.
3-1. Automatic Tool Length Offset/Automatic Tool Breakage Detection Function for Horizontal Tools of MCM
The operation procedure for the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection func-tion for horizontal tools of MCM is described below.
[Supplement]
Machine operation
During the execution of the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection cycle for the horizontal tool of MCM, the tool moves as indicated below.
(1) The Z-axis moves at a rapid feedrate to the travel end in the positive (+) direction.
(2) M76 and M19 are executed.
The swivel head is indexed to the right position and the spindle is oriented.
(3) The Y-axis moves at a rapid feedrate to a position just before the touch sensor.
(4) The Z-axis moves at a rapid feedrate to the touch sensor position for the horizontal tool.
(5) From here on, the movements are the same as for a vertical tool.
Note, however, that with an MCM horizontal tool, the Z-axis movements of a vertical tool are replaced by the Y-axis movements of a horizontal tool.
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Since the machine operations for the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion funcdetec-tion used for horizontal tools of MCM are similar to those for vertical tools of MCM, part of the explanation is omitted.
For the information not given below, refer to [2. Automatic Tool Length Offset/Automatic Tool Breakage Detection Operation].
3) 2)
1) 4)
5)
3-1-1. Setting the Z-axis Lower Limit Position
When executing the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection cycle for an MCM horizontal tool, the spindle may strike the workpiece during Z-axis downward operation.
To avoid such a problem, it is necessary to set the Z-axis lower limit position as close to the touch sensor as possible, but at a position where the spindle or other machine unit will not collide with the touch sensor unit.
Set the Z-axis lower limit position in the manner indicated below.
Procedure :
1
Move the Y-axis to the position where the Z-axis lower limit position is to be set.In this operation, the X- and Z-axis may be at any position.
2
At this position, execute the following program after selecting the automatic mode.CALL OO32 M02
When this program is executed, axes do not move.
After the execution of the program, the actual position of the Z-axis is stored in system work coordinate system No. 9 as the Z-axis lower limit position.
The set value can be checked by opening the MSB ZERO OFFSET (VSZO*[N]) pop-up win-dow on the GAUGING RESULTS screen. The Z-axis lower limit coordinate value is displayed at the Y column of the NO. 9 line.
[Supplement]
Since system work coordinate system No. 9 is used exclusively for automatic tool length offset and automatic tool breakage detection functions, it cannot normally be set or referenced.
3-1-2. Designating the Operation Mode
As with a vertical tool, the basic operation mode for a horizontal tool is set using system variable VFST.
The setting for system variable VFST is the same as that for a vertical spindle with the exception that “1” is set for bit 6.
VFST consists of one byte (8 bits) and each bit has the following significance
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Bit No. Setting Description
Bit 0 0 Automatic tool breakage detection cycle 1 Automatic tool length offset cycle
Bit 1 1 Executes the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle in the Z-axis (radial) direcdetec-tion
Bit 2 1
Executes the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle in the Z-axis (radial) direcdetec-tion after the execudetec-tion of the auto-matic tool length offset/autoauto-matic tool breakage detection cycle in the Y-axis (tool length) direction.
To execute an automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection cycle only in the Y-axis (tool length) direction, set “0” for both Bit 1 and Bit 2
Bit 3 1 Does not move the X-axis when positioning a tool to the touch sensor position.
Bit 4 0 Always set “0”
Bit 5 0 Always set “0”.
Bit 6
0 Executes the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle for a vertical tool.
1 Executes the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle for a horizontal tool.
Bit 7
0
Designates the relative offset type.
The tool length in reference to the reference tool used for zero point set-ting of a work coordinate system is used as the tool length offset data.
1
Designates the absolute offset type.
The length of the tool from the spindle nose surface is regarded as the tool length offset data
VFST Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
An example of VFST settings is given in the following table.
Offset in Tool Length Direction/Tool Radial
Direction
Automatic Tool Length Offset/Automatic Tool
Offset only in the tool length direction
Automatic tool length offset #49H Automatic tool breakage
detection #48H
Offset only in the tool radial direction
Automatic tool length offset #4BH Automatic tool breakage
detection #4AH
Offset in the tool length direction then the tool radial direction
Automatic tool length offset #4DH Automatic tool breakage
detection #4CH
Absolute
offset No
Offset only in the tool length direction
Automatic tool length offset #C9H Automatic tool breakage
detection #C8H
Offset only in the tool radial direction
Automatic tool length offset #CBH Automatic tool breakage
detection #CAH
Offset in the tool length direction then the tool radial direction
Automatic tool length offset #CDH Automatic tool breakage
detection #CCH
3-1-3. Setting the Zero Point of Horizontal Tool Touch Sensor
Set the zero point of the touch sensor for MCM horizontal tools in the manner indicated below.
Procedure :
1
Select the MDI mode and execute M144 to move the reference tool near the horizontal tool touch sensor.Since the procedure up to this step is the same as used for a vertical tool, refer to [2-1. Setting the Touch Sensor Zero Point] for details.
2
Execute the following program after selecting the automatic mode.• Setting the zero point for the tool length (Y-axis) direction touch sensor CALL OO30 PAXI=#27H PLI=0 (or accurate reference tool length) (VFST=**) M02
• Setting the zero point for the tool radius (Z-axis) direction touch sensor
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The result of gauging is stored in the system work coordinate system No. 7 (zero point of the tool length direction (Y-axis direction) touch sensor) and the system work coordinate system No. 8 (zero point of the tool radius direction (Z-axis direction) touch sensor).
The set value can be checked by opening the MSB ZERO OFFSET (VSZO*[N]) pop-up window on the GAUGING RESULTS screen.
[Supplement]
Before setting the zero point, index the swivel head to the following position.
Vertical tool: Front position (M73) Horizontal tool: Right position (M76)
CALL OO30 PAXI=#47H PLI=0 (or accurate reference tool length) (VFST=**) PZ=Accurate radius of the reference tool
M02
3-1-4. Automatic Tool Length Offset for Horizontal Tools
Automatic tool length offset for horizontal tools is executed in the manner indicated below.
[Supplement]
Procedure :
1
After selecting the MDI mode, input “VFST=**”, and press the CYCLE START button.Set an appropriate value for “**” by referring to [3-1-2. Designating the Operation Mode].
2
Mount the tool for which automatic tool length offset should be executed in the spindle.3
Execute the following program after selecting the automatic mode.• In the tool length (Y-axis) direction
CALL OO30 (VFST=Appropriate value) (PLI=Anticipated tool length) M02
• In the tool radius (Z-axis) direction
CALL OO30 (VFST=Appropriate value) PZ=Anticipated tool radius M02
• Both in the tool length (Y-axis) direction and the tool radius (Z-axis) direction
CALL OO30 (VFST=Appropriate value) PZ=Anticipated tool radius (PLI=Anticipated tool length)
M02
When the program is executed, the tool is automatically brought into contact with the touch sensor and the cutter radius compensation data is calculated and stored in the CNC memory.
The result of gauging can be checked by displaying the TOOL LENGTH OFFSET/CUTTER RADIUS COMPENSATION screen of the TOOL DATA screen. The obtained results are also displayed on the GAUGING RESULTS screen.
Before executing automatic tool length offset for horizontal tools, make sure that the zero point of the horizontal tool touch sensor has been set
3-1-5. Automatic Tool Breakage Detection Cycle for Horizontal Tools
Automatic tool breakage detection for horizontal tools is executed in the manner indicated below.
[Supplement]
Procedure :
1
After selecting the MDI mode, input “VFST=**”, and press the CYCLE START button.Set an appropriate value for “**” by referring to [3-1-2. Designating the Operation Mode].
2
Mount the tool for which automatic tool breakage detection should be executed in the spindle.3
Execute the following program after selecting the automatic mode.• In the tool length (Y-axis) direction
CALL OO30 PLE1=Tool breakage judgment value (VFST=Appropriate value) M02
• In the tool radius (Z-axis) direction
CALL OO30 PLEZ=Tool breakage judgment value PZ=Anticipated tool radius (VFST=Appropriate value)
M02
• Both in the tool length (Y-axis) direction and the tool radius (Z-axis) direction
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When the program is executed, the tool is automatically brought into contact with the touch sensor, and the tool length is calculated.
The function compares the obtained tool length to the tool length offset data stored in the CNC memory and judges the tool has been broken if the difference is greater than the set tool breakage judgment value.
The result of gauging is displayed at the GAUGING RESULTS screen.
[Supplement]
Before executing automatic tool breakage detection for horizontal tools, make sure that the zero point of the horizontal tool touch sensor has been set.
Before executing tool length offset/tool breakage detection for horizontal tools, index the swivel head to the following position.
Vertical tool: Front position (M73) Horizontal tool: Right position (M76)
All other supplements are the same as in the case of vertical tools.
CALL OO30 PZ=Anticipated tool radius
PLE1=Tool breakage judgment value (tool length direction) PLEZ=Tool breakage judgment value (tool radius direction) (VFST=Appropriate value)
M02
3-2. Operation for Automatic Tool Length Offset/Automatic Tool Break-age Detection on B/C-axis Attachments, 90° Angular Attachments and Extension Attachments (Option)
This subsection describes the functions of automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection for tools mounted in a B/C-axis attachment, 90° angular attachment, or extension attach-ment.
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Fig.1-2 Relationship between PAC Angles and X, Y, Z Axes of 90° Angular Attachment
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Fig.1-3 Relationship between PAC Angles and X, Y, Z Axes of B/C-axis Attachment (PAC = 90°)
(PAC = 180°)
(PAC = 270°) (PAC = 0°)
Z+
Y+ X+
PAC = 90°
PAC = 180°
PAC = 270° PAB
PAC = 0°
Z+
Y+ X+
[Supplement]
1) To use an attachment, index the PAB to 0° or 90°.
2) Call the ATTACHMENT (PAC, PAB) SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen and set the data dis-played there on the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen.
The correspondence between the items displayed on the ATTACHMENT (PAC, PAB) SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen and those on the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen is indicated below.
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H*: Attachment compensation numbers H1 to H8
If two B/C-axis attachments are used, set their data with separate compensation numbers.
ATTACHMENT (PAC, PAB) SWIVEL COMPENSATION
screen
ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen Data for PAC = 0 PAB = 0 H* in the LOWER (G185) screen Data for PAC = 0 PAB = 90 H* in the FRONT (G181) screen Data for PAC = 90 PAB = 90 H* in the LEFT (G182) screen Data for PAC = 180 PAB = 90 H* in the REAR (G183) screen Data for PAC = 270 PAB = 90 H* in the RIGHT (G184) screen
3-2-1. Designating the Operation Mode
Use system variable “VFST” to designate the basic operation modes for automatic tool length offset or automatic tool breakage detection.
Since the system variable VFST is backed up in the CNC memory, it only has to be designated once: it does not have to be set each time the MSB of the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection cycle is called.
VFST consists of one byte (8 bits) and each bit has the following significance
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Bit No. Setting Description
Bit 0 0 Automatic tool breakage detection cycle 1 Automatic tool length offset cycle
Bit 1 1 Executes the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle in the tool radius direcdetec-tion.
Bit 2 1
Executes the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle in the tool radius direcdetec-tion after the execudetec-tion of the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection cycle in the tool length direction.
To execute automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle only in the tool length direcdetec-tion, set “0” for both Bit 1 and Bit 2.
Bit 3 1
Does not move the X-axis when positioning a reference tool at the touch sensor position.
Set “1” for Bit 3 for machine models such as MC-V in which the touch sensor is installed independently of the X-axis movement.
Bit 4 0 Always set “0”
Bit 5 0 Always set “0”.
Bit 6
0
Executes the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle for a vertical tool or a tool in the extension attachment or the B/
C-axis attachment (PAB = 0°).
1
Executes the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detec-tion cycle for a tool in the 90° attachment or the B/C-axis attachment (PAB = 90°).
Bit 7 0 Designates the relative offset type.
1 Designates the absolute offset type.
VFST Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
3-2-2. Command Format
The command format used for calling the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection cycle for B/C-axis attachment, 90° attachment and extension attachment is indicated below.
ME61012R0700300400001
PAT: Attachment swivel compensation number (Setting range: 1 to 7) [Supplement]
3-2-3. Designating the Attachment
The type of attachment to be used is designated by the setting for VFST, PAXI and PAT as indicated below.
3-2-4. Movements of Tool in 90° Attachment/B/C-axis Attachment (PAB = 90°)
When a tool is mounted in the 90° attachment or the B/C-axis attachment (PAB = 90°), the cycle is executed in the same manner as for a tool mounted in the horizontal spindle of MCM.
In this case, however, the Z-axis lower limit position is determined taking into account the attach-ment swivel compensation amount.
For details and supplemental information on the tool movements of a tool mounted in the 90° attach-ment or the B/C-axis attachattach-ment (PAB = 90°), refer to [3-1. Automatic Tool Length Offset/Automatic Tool Breakage Detection Function for Horizontal Tools of MCM].
3-2-5. Setting the Tool Change Position
If breakage of a tool is detected (PGO = 2) after the execution of a tool breakage detection cycle, the axes move to the tool change position.
The tool change position must be determined so that positioning at the tool change position will not cause interference between the tool and a workpiece with any type of attachment (vertical tool, 90°
attachment, extension attachment, B/C-axis attachment (PAB = 0°, 90°)).
1) The installation angle of the 90° angular attachment or the B/C-axis attachment (PAB = 90°) must be set to 270°.
2) The same sensor zero point is used for a vertical tool/extension attachment/B/C-axis attach-ment (PAB = 0°) and a 90° attachattach-ment/B/C-axis attachattach-ment (PAB = 90°). Set the sensor zero point so that gauging cycles can be executed without causing trouble for any attachment.
Bit 6 of VFST PAXI PAT
Command Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
Vertical spindle 0 0 0 0/1 None
Extension attachment B/C-axis attachment
(PAB = 0°) 0 0 0 0/1 1 to 7
90° attachment B/C-axis attachment
(PAB = 90°) 1 0/1 0/1 0 1 to 7
CALL(OO30 PAXI=*...) PAT=*
Conventional transfer variable
[Supplement]
3-2-6. Setting the Z-axis Lower Limit Position
To set the Z-axis lower limit position, add transfer variable PAT to the usual setting program.
CALL OO32 PAT=*
PAT:Attachment swivel compensation number (Setting range: 1 to 7)
3-2-7. Setting the Attachment Swivel Compensation Data
To use the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection function, the attachment swivel compensation data must be correctly set.
Set the compensation data for the 90° attachment on the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSA-TION screen (G181 to G184) and the data for the extension attachment on the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen (G185).
3-2-8. Measuring the Attachment Swivel Compensation Data
Measure the attachment swivel compensation data for each type of attachment and each attach-ment position by repeating the procedure indicated below and set the obtained data for the corre-sponding item (G181 to G185) on the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen.
Procedure :
1
Mount the reference tool to the spindle where no attachment is mounted and fix a micro-indica-tor at the center of the table.2
Manually move the X-, Y- and Z-axis to the position where the micro-indicator reads “0”.3
Select a desired zero point and set the zero offset data.Set “0” for the actual position data and take this position as the reference for the following oper-ation.
4
Change the spindle tool to an attachment (90° attachment or extension attachment) and mount the reference to the attachment.5
Carry out positioning so that the micro-indicator reads “0” and set the coordinate values at that position.• 90° attachment
Index the attachment to four positions, 0° (front), 90° (left), 180° (rear) and 270° (right), and carry out positioning at the individual attachment index positions.
• Extension attachment
Since the extension attachment is installed at a fixed angle, carry out positioning at the preset angle.
If the machine is equipped with the B/C-axis attachment (PAB =90°), set “PGO=12” to do axis movements to the tool change position on detection of tool breakage. For details regarding PGO, refer to the item (11) PGO (P GO) in 6-3. “How to Use Variables.”
6
Set the compensation data by displaying the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen.• Extension attachment
Set the coordinate values obtained in the operation in step 5) above on the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen (G185).
• 90° attachment
Calculate the compensation data for each index angle (PAC = 0, 90, 180, 270) based on the coordinate values obtained in step 5) and set the calculated compensation data for the corresponding setting item on the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen (G181 to G184).
To calculate the compensation data at each attachment index angle, refer to [3-2-9. Calcu-lating the Compensation Data for a 90° Attachment].
The correspondence between the PAC angle and setting items is indicated below.
PAC = 0: G181 (front) at the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen PAC = 90: G182 (left) at the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen PAC = 180: G183 (rear) at the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen PAC = 270: G184 (right) at the ATTACHMENT SWIVEL COMPENSATION screen
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Reference tool
X
Z
X
Z
Y
An example of attachment compensation numbers G181
(Front)
G182 (Left)
G183 (Rear)
G184 (Right)
G185 (Down) (2 stations)
T301
(90° attachment) H1 H1 H1 H1
-T302
(attachment cover) - - - -
-(3 stations)
T301 (90° attachment) H1 H1 H1 H1
-T302
(attachment cover) - - - -
-T303
(extension attachment) - - - - H3
(6 stations) T301
(extension attachment) - - - - H1
T302
(universal attachment) - - - -
-T303(special 90° attachment) - - - -
-T304
(90° attachment) H4 H4 H4 H4
-T305 (blank) - - - -
-T306
(attachment cover) - - - -
-3-2-9. Calculating the Compensation Data for a 90° Attachment
When a 90° attachment is used, it is necessary to find the attachment swivel compensation data using the coordinate values obtained in step 5) of [3-2-8. Measuring the Attachment Swivel Com-pensation Data].
The formula below are used to match the center of the vertical reference tool with the horizontal ref-erence tool nose.
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In the explanation below, D1 represents the diameter of the reference tool mounted in the vertical spindle and D2 the diameter of the reference tool mounted in the horizontal spindle.
• PAC = 0°
Horizontal reference toolX+
X' = X +
• PAC = 270°
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Z+ Y+
Y' = Y + D1
2 X' = X
Z' = Z + D2
2
3-3. Operation of Automatic Tool Length Offset/Automatic Tool Break-age Detection with 30° Angular Attachments (Option)
(1) Automatic Tool Length Offset Function
The automatic tool length offset function allows the measurement of tool length offset data for a tool mounted in the 30° angular attachment.
Note that this function cannot be used to measure the cutter radius compensation data while a tool is mounted in the 30° angular attachment.
(2) Automatic Tool Breakage Detection Function
The automatic tool breakage detection function allows detection of tool breakage or excessive wear of a tool mounted in the 30° angular attachment. As with the automatic tool length offset function, this automatic tool breakage function is unable check breakage of a tool in the radius direction.
3-3-1. Operation Flow of Automatic Tool Length Offset/Automatic Tool Breakage Detection Function
Measuring the tool length offset value of the reference tool mounted in the vertical spindle
↓
Measuring the tool length offset value of the reference tool mounted in the 30° angular attachment
↓
Setting the relative offset data between the reference tools (VSTOH[20])
↓
Setting the Z-axis lower limit position data
↓
Setting the zero point of the 30° angular attachment touch sensor
↓
Measuring the tool length offset data for a tool mounted in the 30° angular attachment .
. .
Check the breakage of a tool mounted in the 30° angular attachment .
. .
3-3-2. Relative Offset Data between Reference Tools (VSTOH [20])
To use the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection function with an angular attachment other than a 90° angular attachment(30°, 45°, 60°), a special referent tool, called refer-ence tool B, is used to measure the attachment compensation data. Differing from the
To use the automatic tool length offset/automatic tool breakage detection function with an angular attachment other than a 90° angular attachment(30°, 45°, 60°), a special referent tool, called refer-ence tool B, is used to measure the attachment compensation data. Differing from the