You get out of bed on the wrong side this morning

Write at least 250 words

III. LEXICO-GRAMMAR Exercise 1:

9. You get out of bed on the wrong side this morning

10. He dabbled in antiques, which made … money. / He made … as he dabbled in antiques.

Exercise 2:

Exercise 3:

Tape script SECTION 1 Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

It seems only fitting that former construction engineer Roger Moffat should’ve used his redundancy money to change

direction and break into Hollywood, creating special effects for film and television, for, by his own flamboyant admission, he’s no conventional engineer, but a born performer who loves an audience.

Do you remember a certain car commercial in which the car was driven down the side of a skyscraper? The building façade and windows were built by Roger’s own company for a daring stunt whose trade secret he will own company for a daring stunt whose trade secret he will not divulge. He also constructed sections of a bridge for the film Mary Reilly, which starred Julia Roberts and John Malkovich. So, Roger, how did it all start?

Well, about ten years ago I had a heart by-pass operation and, about the same time I was made redundant. I was feeling pretty low at the time, so I decided that the only thing to do was to take my working life into my own hands and set up my own business.

And what kind of success did you have in the early days?

You could say it was a bit like taking a roller coaster ride and wondering when you were going to come flying off at break-neck speed! Everything was a challenge: finance, production, marketing.

But that’s all in the past, you’re … you’re apparently much sought after now. I hear forthcoming film productions are queuing up for your services.

Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

Some – yes. There’s no doubt that we’re certainly growing rapidly but we’re still small, and I think it’s probably important to remain that way. I’ve seen too many organizations just grow and grow and in the end they finish up over-reaching

themselves – stretching themselves to the limit.

Do you have any regrets about the way things have gone? – about the way your life has taken a different turn?

To be honest, none at all. I feel that I’ve escaped being a slave to a regular income, from commuting, from having to justify my actions to everyone, from having to attend the office party, from having to book my holidays in advance – actually, I don’t have any holidays at all at the moment, come to think of it. I’m too busy! But best of all, I’ve nothing to do with office politics!

Probably the biggest advantage of all. So, what’s the secret of your meteoric rise?

Oh, I couldn’t have done anything without the support of my wife, Lili, who’s also my business partner, and there’s our two daughters, of course, Natasha and Katia. They’ve all been wonderful.

So what kind of job did you start out doing?

I graduated in mechanical engineering and then spent about 20 years in industry. Then my job – I was the chief engineer in an air-conditioning firm – just disappeared overnight. Anyway, after that, I set up my own computer-aided system that makes really intricate architectural models.

And you also supply components for the aerospace industry, don’t you?

We do, but I have to admit that it’s the film work that really interests me most.

Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

Interviewer:

Roger Moffat:

Do you worry about the future?

No more than anyone else. I mean, there’s no job security anywhere these days, is there? Of course, it’s a risk running your own company, but then you’re equally as vulnerable staying employed. I decided it was safer to be in charge of my own show than to be a part of someone else’s. naturally, I’ve had problems. We had to sell the family house, the one I built myself. But, looking back, it all seems worth it. I was always infuriated by having to justify myself to people whom I didn’t consider to be my intellectual superiors!

How would you describe yourself? What are your strengths, weaknesses?

I think I’m a bit of an oddball character really. I suppose you might say that I was a hard-headed romantic. I believe that an engineer has to invent ideas. You need to be very talented. You need to have a feeling for balance and form. You also need to feel you have status and that people value what you’re doing.

I’ve always seen engineers as sort of visionaries, if you like.

Engineering can give you great power, a position in the world and, if you don’t look after your engineers, then you’re in great danger of losing your prestige, your position. Engineering’s still the ‘workshop of the world’ in every country. We’ve built superb ships, motorbikes, motorcars. Now we’re entering a new phase with new challenges.

And what about the tools of your trade? How do you view those?

To me, mechanical things are magical: a motor car is a thrilling bit of science. The microchip is a masterpiece of theoretical design; machines of unbelievable complexity make them. But

Interviewer:

from my point of view, the most rewarding thing of all is that all these things are designed by engineers.

You certainly seem to have a passion for your profession. I think the mystique of the film world will be pretty safe in your hands. Thanks for coming to talk to us today, Roger.

SECTION 2

Good morning and welcome to this earth sciences lecture. We’ve been looking recently at such phenomena as earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic eruptions and other natural occurrences. Today we are going to look at a lesser known feature of the earth which is known as the super volcano.

As the name implies this is a volcano of a much larger size than what we normally imagine a volcano to be. The term super volcano has no specifically defined scientific meaning. It is used to refer to volcanoes that have generated Earth’s largest volcanic eruptions. As such, a super volcano would be one that has produced an exceedingly large, catastrophic explosive eruption and a giant caldera, a caldera being the gigantic crater that the eruption creates. Whereas normal volcano craters are measured in the hundreds of metres, a caldera can easily be as large as 40 or 50 miles wide. Around the world there are several volcanic areas that can be considered super volcanoes such as Long Valley in eastern California, Toba in Indonesia and Lake Taupo in New Zealand. There are also other large calderas in Japan, Indonesia, Scotland and Alaska. Not all the calderas are active though.

Normal volcanoes are formed by a column of magma, rising from deep within the Earth, erupting on the surface, and hardening in layers down the sides. This forms the familiar cone-shaped mountain we associate with volcanoes. Super volcanoes, however, begin life when magma rises from the Earth’s mantle to create a boiling reservoir in the Earth’s crust. This chamber increases to an enormous size, building up colossal pressure until it finally erupts. An explosion like this could send ash, dust, and sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere,

reflecting the sun’s rays and creating a cold wave lasting several years. Crops in many areas would fail and many species of animals and plants, including humans, would face extinction.

The most recent caldera-forming eruption in the US was about 650 000 years ago in the north east United States. During that eruption, ground-hugging flows of hot volcanic ash, pumice, and gases swept across an area of more than 3000 square miles. The eruption also shot a column of volcanic ash and gases high into Earth’s stratosphere. This volcanic cloud circled the globe many times and affected the Earth’s climate by reducing the intensity of solar radiation reaching the lower atmosphere and surface. Fine volcanic ash that fell downwind from the eruption site blanketed much of North America. This ash layer is still preserved in deposits as far away as Iowa, where it is a few inches thick, and the Gulf of Mexico, where it is recognizable in drill cores from the sea floor.

You now have some time to look at questions 37 to 40.

(20 second gap)

Now listen to the rest of the lecture and answer questions 37 to 40.

It is little known that lying underneath one of The United States’ largest and most picturesque National Parks, Yellowstone Park, is one of the largest super volcanoes in the world. Volcanic activity began in the Yellowstone National Park region about 2 million years ago. Magma rising from deep within the Earth has produced three cataclysmic eruptions more powerful than any in the world’s recorded history. The first caldera-forming eruption occurred about 2.1 million years ago. The eruptive blast removed so much magma from its subsurface storage reservoir that the ground above it collapsed into the magma chamber and left a caldera larger than the state of Rhode Island. The huge caldera measured as much as 50 miles long, 40 miles wide and hundreds of meters deep, extending from outside Yellowstone National Park into the central area of the Park.

Scientists have revealed that Yellowstone Park has been on a regular eruption cycle of 600 000 years. The last eruption was 640 000 years ago so the next is overdue. The next eruption could be 2 500 times the size of the 1980 Mount St.

Helens eruption. Volcanologists have been tracking the movement of magma under the park and have calculated that in parts of Yellowstone the ground has risen over point seven of a metre this century. This means the magma is rising.

Geologists have called for a taskforce to be set up to consider emergency management in the event of a massive volcanic eruption, or super-eruption.

Experts say such an event would have a colossal impact on a global scale.

The fallout from a super-eruption could cause a “volcanic winter”, devastating global agriculture and causing mass starvation. One past super-eruption struck at Toba in Sumatra 74 000 years ago and is thought by some to have driven the human race to the edge of extinction. Signs from DNA suggest human numbers could have dropped to about 10 000, probably as a result of the effects of climate change. The volcanic winter resulting from a super-eruption could last several years or decades, depending on the scale of an eruption, and according to recent computer models, could cause cooling on a global scale by 5 to 10 degrees Celsius.

Part 1. You will hear part of a lecture in which a man called Tom Trueman talks about golf courses and the environment. For questions 1-8, complete the sentences by writing no more than three words and/or a number for each answer. (8pts)

You will hear the recording twice

1. The recent popularity of golf resulted from local success in ………...

2. A demand for new golf courses attracted the interest of both ………...

3. Many developers made the mistake of building golf courses to ………...

standards.

4. Golf courses tend to be used by people who live in ………...

5. Some people think that golf courses look too much like ………...

6. Trees planted on golf courses are often chosen because they ………...

7. Tom suggests that golf courses could be ………...as well.

8. Tom would like to see golf courses integrated into both the ………...and the ecology.

Part 2. You will hear an interview on a train with two friends, Jane and Chris, chef who both won prizes in the National Railway Chef of the Year competition. Choose the

correct answer A, B, C, or D. You will hear the recording twice. (7 pts) 1. What was Chris’s attitude to the competition?

A. He was worried about the quality of his dishes.

B. He was afraid time might be a bit of a problem.

C. He admitted he’d been looking forward to the challenge.

D. he said conditions were similar to his routine.

2. Jane admitted that the greatest problem she faced during the competition was having to A. work in a very small space. B. be original when travelling at speed.

C. prepare a meal so quickly. D. create a meal with so little money.

3. What do both Chris and Jane feel is unique about their job?

A. the close contact with the customers

B. the necessary to do everything the same time C. the opportunity to be creative

D. the need to be focused on the job

4. What do Chris and Jane feel about what they cook on board the train?

A. They approve of the menus created for them.

B. They consider themselves more adventurous than other chefs.

C. They would like to have more freedom of choice.

D. They are happy to adapt their ideas to suit the job.

5. Chris thought being a railway chef would suit him mainly because it would enable him to A. show his ability to work under pressure. B. use the skills he had been trained for.

C. do something out of the ordinary. D. satisfy his love of training.

6. What is often Jane’s initial reaction when things spill over?

A. She asks another member of staff to help her clear up.

B. She blames the train driver for the accident.

C. She feels herself to keep a closer watch next time.

D. She says nasty things to the other staff.

7. How does Jane react to Chris’s suggestion for the future?

A. She’s determined that she’ll join him if she can.

B. She’s looking forward to a challenge of that kind.

C. She’s afraid Chris wouldn’t want her company.

D. She’d be unable to take part in that kind of activity.

SECTION 2: PHONOLOGY

Part 1. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the other three. (2.5 pts)

1. A. asymmetric B. ahistorical C. oceanic D. aide 2. A. exaggerate B. exhort C. exhilaration D. exhale 3. A. etiquette B. conqueror C. bequest D. statuesque 4. A. champagne B. chlorine C. charisma D. archive 5. A. confusedly B. allegedly C. supposedly D. wickedly Part 2. Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the others. (2.5 pts) 6. A. accompany B. comfortable C. interview D. dynamism 7. A. disrespectful B. attentiveness C. superior D. untrustworthy 8. A. argumentative B. psychological C. contributory D. hypersensitive 9. A. diplomacy B. delicacy C. peninsula D. pneumonia 10. A. trigonometry B. explanatory C. immediately D. democracy SECTION 3. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

Part 1. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. Circle A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer. (10 pts)

1. The better _______ you have of words, the better meaning you can express.

A. demand B. command C. market D. performance 2. The late Vietnamese leader Le Duan was recognized as the _________ Architect of Vietnam’s reform, opening and modernization.

A. Main B. Principal C. Chief D. Primary

3. She ________ agreed to go with him to the football match although she had no interest in the game at all.

A. apologetically B. grudgingly C. shamefacedly D. discreetly 4. Police couldn’t persuade the man to _________ the source of his information.

A. uncover B. discover C. divulge D. concede

5. On the way to Cambridge yesterday, the road was blocked by a fallen tree, so we had to make a _____________.

A. deviation B. digression C. detour D. departure 6. Luckily, the rain ___________ so we were able to play the match.

A. watered down B. gave out C. got away D. held off 7. All his hard work ________ in success.

A. accounted B. merged C. culminated D. succumbed 8. We finally managed to __________ our point of view.

A. bring her round to B. fool her into C. take her up on D. fix her up with

9. Things are going well. In fact, business is __________.

A. soaring B. rolling C. blooming D. leaping 10. The smoke ___________ from the burning tyres could be seen for miles

A. sweeping B. billowing C. radiating D. bulging

11. I couldn’t tell what time it was because workmen had removed the ________ of the clock . A. hands B. pointers C. arms D. fingers

12. At the end of the winter, the price of winter clothes in the shop usually _________.

A. reduces B. lowers C. sinks D. drops 13. “I can’t remember us ever _________,” replied the stranger.

A. to meet B. to have meet C. being met D. having met 14. _________ for director must have surprised you.

A. You nominated B. You’re being nominated C. Your being nominated D. Your nominating

15. Although he was completely _________ as a furniture-maker, he produced the most beautiful chairs.

A. unable B. uneducated C. incapable D. untrained 16. The firm went bankrupt and then shares became _________.

A. priceless B. worthless C. unworthy D. invaluable 17. She's certainly a _________ writer; she has written quite a few books this year.

A. fruitful B. fertile C. prolific D. successful 18. They live in a very _____________ populated area of Italy .

A. sparsely B. scarcely C. hardly D. barely 19. The _________ exam in January prepared pupils for the real thing in June .

A. false B. unreal C. untrue D. imaginary

20. Some very important issue was __________ all his attention .

A. taking up B. taking off C. taking out D. taking in

Part 2. The passage below contains 10 errors. Underline and correct them. (00) has been done as an example. (5 pts)

Example: hotter  hottest

Leonardo DiCaprio is one of the hotter young film stars around at the moment. His face has been on the covers of all the top movies and young magazines over the last few months and he has been the subject of countless articles, rumours and showbiz gossip. Leonard doesn’t like reading about him because “I read things about me that I’ve never said in my life and never did" .

Leonardo DiCaprio was born in Los Angeles on 11 November, 1974. He’s a Scorpio. His full name is Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio. His mother is Germany and his father Italian-American. They called him Leonardo because when his mother was still pregnant, he started kicking while she was stood in front of a painting by Leonardo Da Vinci. His friends call him Leo. He has a scar from when he was stinging by a Portuguese man-of-war. His parents separated before he was born, so his mother moved to a poor neighbourhood of Hollywood there Leo grew up . At school he was very good at imitating people, especially Michael Jackson. This made him very popularly. His childhood hero was Poseidon, the Greek god of the sea.

After appearance in TV commercials and episodes of Roseanne, he played the cast of Roseanne, the TV sitcom starring Kirk Cameron. Leonard played the part of Luke, a

homeless boy. Lately, he played the part of Jim Carroll in The Basketball Diaries. But he has really become famous since he acted in the film Titanic.

Part 3. Read the following passage and fill the gaps with appropriate prepositions.(5 pts) The writing is on the wall for the brilliant but bullying boss. Driving ambition and a high IQ might give you a head start in the race for the top, but a lack of “emotional intelligence” will be a hindrance (1)………..achieving medium to long-term success.

Senior managers have long been convinced (2)………the value of interpersonal skills in the workplace. The concept that emotional intelligence can account (3)……….the difference (4)……….outstanding and average performance, however, is comparatively new. But what exactly is emotional intelligence? One psychologist defined it (5)……….the ability to regulate your behaviour so that there is a balance (6)………….personal feelings, emotions and drives, and the feelings and needs of others. It is about being able to resolve the conflict that may arise (7)…………. high motivation and conscientiousness and integrity. People with low emotional intelligence don’t get promoted because others object (8)………working with them.

In the workplace, there is a great need (9)………sensitivity in relationships, and people in managerial jobs should focus more (10)………..understanding people’s feelings (11)………..change and their fears (12)………..redundancy. An organization which attaches importance (13)………..the emotions of the employees is

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