Bibliography
S. Abu-Bader and A. S. Abu-Qarn (2003). “Government expenditures, military spending and economic growth: causality evidence from Egypt, Israel, and Syria”. Jour- nal of Policy Modeling, 25(6):567–583.
J. I. Alonso-Barba, J. A. G´amez, J. M. Puerta et al. (2013). “Scaling up the greedy
equivalence search algorithm by constraining the search space of equivalence classes”. International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 54(4):429–451.
N. Anderson, J. Somaratne, D. Mason, D. Holland and M. Thomas (2010). “Neurological and systemic complications of tuberculous meningitis and its treatment at Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand”. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 17(9):1114– 1118.
G. Andreou, P. Agapitou and A. Karapetsas (2005). “Verbal skills in children with ADHD”. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 20(2):231–238.
M. Arevalillo-Herr´aez, F. J. Ferri and S. Moreno-Picot (2013). “A hybrid multi-
objective optimization algorithm for content based image retrieval”. Applied Soft Com- puting, 13(11):4358–4369.
T. Asparouhov and B. Muth´en (2009). “Exploratory structural equation modeling”.
Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 16(3):397–438.
R. M. Baron and D. A. Kenny (1986). “The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6):1173.
L. W. Barsalou (2008). “Grounded cognition”. Annual Review of Psychology, 59:617– 645.
D. J. Bauer (2005). “A semiparametric approach to modeling nonlinear relations among latent variables”. Structural Equation Modeling, 12(4):513–535.
J. J. Bauermeister, P. E. Shrout, L. Ch´avez, M. Rubio-Stipec, R. Ram´ırez,
L. Padilla, A. Anderson, P. Garc´ıa and G. Canino (2007). “ADHD and gender:
are risks and sequela of ADHD the same for boys and girls?” Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48(8):831–839.
B. de Benoist, E. McLean, I. Egll and M. Cogswell (2008). Worldwide Prevalence of Anaemia 1993-2005: WHO Global Database on Anaemia. World Health Organization.
D. A. Bessler and S. Lee (2002). “Money and prices: US data 1869–1914 (a study with directed graphs)”. Empirical Economics, 27(3):427–446.
G. W. Bohrnstedt (1969). “Observations on the measurement of change”. Sociological methodology, 1:113–133.
K. Bollen (1989). Structural Equations With Latent Variables. Wiley.
K. H. Brodersen, F. Gallusser, J. Koehler, N. Remy, S. L. Scott et al. (2015). “Inferring causal impact using bayesian structural time-series models”. The Annals of Applied Statistics, 9(1):247–274.
A. E. Brownlee and J. A. Wright (2015). “Constrained, mixed-integer and multi- objective optimisation of building designs by NSGA-II with fitness approximation”. Applied Soft Computing, 33:114–126.
S. A. Burnett, D. M. Lane and L. M. Dratt (1979). “Spatial visualization and sex differences in quantitative ability”. Intelligence, 3(4):345–354.
D. T. Campbell and J. C. Stanley (1963). “Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research”. Handbook of Research on Teaching. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally. J. Cantor, R. W. Engle and G. Hamilton (1991). “Short-term memory, working
memory, and verbal abilities: How do they relate?” Intelligence, 15(2):229–246. Q. Cao, Y. Zang, L. Sun, M. Sui, X. Long, Q. Zou and Y. Wang (2006).
“Abnormal neural activity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study”. Neuroreport, 17(10):1033– 1036.
M. B. Casey, R. L. Nuttall and E. Pezaris (2001). “Spatial-mechanical reasoning skills versus mathematics self-confidence as mediators of gender differences on math-
ematics subtests using cross-national gender-based items”. Journal for Research in
Mathematics Education, pages 28–57.
B. D. Castell, N. Kazantzis and R. E. Moss-Morris (2011). “Cognitive behavioral therapy and graded exercise for chronic fatigue syndrome: A meta-analysis”. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 18(4):311–324.
Z. Cattaneo, A. Postma and T. Vecchi (2006). “Gender differences in memory for object and word locations”. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59(5):904– 919.
L. Chaidir, J. Annisa, S. Dian, I. Parwati, A. Alisjahbana, F. Purnama, A. van der Zanden, A. R. Ganiem and R. van Crevel (2018). “Microbiological diagnosis of adult tuberculous meningitis in a ten-year cohort in indonesia”. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 91(1):42–46.
T. Chalder, K. A. Goldsmith, P. D. White, M. Sharpe and A. R. Pickles (2015). “Rehabilitative therapies for chronic fatigue syndrome: a secondary mediation analysis of the PACE trial”. The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(2):141–152.
BIBLIOGRAPHY 121 F. Chen and D. Zhang (2016). “Combining a causal effect criterion for evaluation of
facial attractiveness models”. Neurocomputing, 177:98–109.
G. M. Chertow, G. A. Block, R. Correa-Rotter, T. B. Dr¨ueke, J. Floege, W. G.
Goodman, C. A. Herzog, Y. Kubo, G. M. London, K. W. Mahaffey, T. C. H. Mix, S. M. Moe, M. L. Trotman, D. C. Wheeler and P. S. Parfey (2012). “Effect of cinacalcet on cardiovascular disease in patients undergoing dialysis”. The New England Journal of Medicine, 367(26):2482–2494.
D. Chicharro and S. Panzeri (2014). “Algorithms of causal inference for the analysis of effective connectivity among brain regions”. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, 8. D. M. Chickering (2002a). “Learning equivalence classes of Bayesian-network struc-
tures”. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 2:445–498.
D. M. Chickering (2002b). “Optimal structure identification with greedy search”.
Journal of Machine Learning Research, 3:507–554.
T. Chu and C. Glymour (2008). “Search for additive nonlinear time series causal models”. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 9:967–991.
T. Chu, C. Glymour, R. Scheines and P. Spirtes (2003). “A statistical problem for inference to regulatory structure from associations of gene expression measurements with microarrays”. Bioinformatics, 19(9):1147–1152.
T. Claassen and T. Heskes (2012). “A Bayesian approach to constraint based causal inference”. In “Proceedings of the 28th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelli- gence”, pages 207–216.
D. Colombo and M. H. Maathuis (2014). “Order-independent constraint-based causal structure learning.” Journal of Machine Learning Research, 15:3741–3782.
G. F. Cooper, I. Bahar, M. J. Becich, P. V. Benos, J. Berg, J. U. Espino, C. Glymour, R. C. Jacobson, M. Kienholz, A. V. Lee, X. Lu, R. Scheines and the Center for Causal Discovery team (2015). “The center for causal discovery of biomedical knowledge from big data”. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 22(6):1132–1136.
L. J. Cronbach and L. Furby (1970). “How we should measure ”change”: Or should we?” Psychological Bulletin, 74(1):68.
R. Cui, P. Groot, M. Schauer and T. Heskes (2018). “Learning the causal structure of copula models with latent variables”. In “Proceedings of the 34th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence”, pages 188–197.
M. Dalecki and F. K. Willits (1991). “Examining change using regression analysis: Three approaches compared”. Sociological Spectrum, 11(2):127–145.
M. Daneman and P. A. Carpenter (1980). “Individual differences in working memory and reading”. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 19(4):450–466.
R. M. Daniel, M. G. Kenward, S. N. Cousens and B. L. De Stavola (2012). “Using causal diagrams to guide analysis in missing data problems”. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 21(3):243–256.
A. P. Dawid (1984). “Present position and potential developments: Some personal views: Statistical theory: The prequential approach”. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General), pages 278–292.
B. De Smedt, R. Janssen, K. Bouwens, L. Verschaffel, B. Boets and P. Gh-
esqui`ere (2009). “Working memory and individual differences in mathematics achieve-
ment: A longitudinal study from first grade to second grade”. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 103(2):186–201.
K. Deb (2001). Multi-objective Optimization Using Evolutionary Algorithms. John Wiley & Sons Chichester.
K. Deb, A. Pratap, S. Agarwal and T. Meyarivan (2002). “A fast and elitist mul- tiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II”. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Compu- tation, 6(2):182–197.
E. R. DeLong, D. M. DeLong and D. L. Clarke-Pearson (1988). “Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: A nonpara- metric approach”. Biometrics, pages 837–845.
S. Demiralp and K. D. Hoover (2003). “Searching for the causal structure of a vector autoregression”. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 65(s1):745–767.
G. Der and I. J. Deary (2006). “Age and sex differences in reaction time in adulthood: results from the united kingdom health and lifestyle survey.” Psychology and Aging, 21(1):62.
M. E. van Der Schaaf, I. C. Schmits, M. Roerink, D. E. Geurts, I. Toni, K. Roelofs, F. P. De Lange, U. M. Nater, J. W. van der Meer and H. Knoop (2015). “Investigating neural mechanisms of change of cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: a randomized controlled trial”. BMC Psychiatry, 15(1):144.
J. Detilleux, J.-Y. Reginster, A. Chines and O. Bruy`ere (2016). “A Bayesian
path analysis to estimate causal effects of bazedoxifene acetate on incidence of vertebral fractures, either directly or through non-linear changes in bone mass density”. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 25(1):400–412.
F. Drasgow (1988). “Polychoric and polyserial correlations”. In S. Kotz and N. L. Johnson, editors, “Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences”, volume 7, pages 68–74. John Wiley & Sons.
I. Ebert-Uphoff and Y. Deng (2012). “Causal discovery for climate research using graphical models”. Journal of Climate, 25(17):5648–5665.
J. Fan and R. Li (2002). “Variable selection for cox’s proportional hazards model and frailty model”. Annals of Statistics, pages 74–99.
BIBLIOGRAPHY 123 T. Fawcett (2004). “ROC graphs: Notes and practical considerations for researchers”.
Machine Learning, 31:1–38.
A. A. Figaji and A. G. Fieggen (2010). “The neurosurgical and acute care man-
agement of tuberculous meningitis: Evidence and current practice”. Tuberculosis,
90(6):393–400.
R. A. Fisher (1925). Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Genesis Publishing Pvt Ltd.
R. A. Fisher (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver And Boyd; Edinburgh; London. G. M. Fitzmaurice, N. M. Laird and J. H. Ware (2012). Applied longitudinal
analysis, volume 998. John Wiley & Sons.
T. W. Frazier, H. A. Demaree and E. A. Youngstrom (2004). “Meta-analysis of intellectual and neuropsychological test performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.” Neuropsychology, 18(3):543.
R. A. F. Frederick Mosteller (1948). “Questions and answers”. The American Statis- tician, 2(5):30–31.
E. W. Frees (2004). Longitudinal and Panel Data: Analysis and Applications in the Social Sciences. Cambridge University Press.
N. Friedman, K. Murphy and S. Russell (1998). “Learning the structure of dynamic
probabilistic networks”. In “Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Uncertainty in
Artificial Intelligence”, pages 139–147. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.
K. Fukuda, S. E. Straus, I. Hickie, M. C. Sharpe, J. G. Dobbins and A. Ko-
maroff (1994). “The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its
definition and study”. Annals of Internal Medicine, 121(12):953–959.
F. Galton (1886). “Regression towards mediocrity in hereditary stature.” The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 15:246–263.
F. Galton (1889). “Co-relations and their measurement, chiefly from anthropometric data”. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 45:135–145.
A. R. Ganiem, S. Dian, A. Indriati, L. Chaidir, R. Wisaksana, P. Sturm, W. Melchers, A. van der Ven, I. Parwati and R. van Crevel (2013). “Cerebral toxoplasmosis mimicking subacute meningitis in hiv-infected patients; a cohort study from indonesia”. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 7(1):e1994.
K. M. Gates and P. C. Molenaar (2012). “Group search algorithm recovers effective connectivity maps for individuals in homogeneous and heterogeneous samples”. Neu- roImage, 63(1):310–319.
K. M. Gates, P. C. Molenaar, F. G. Hillary and S. Slobounov (2011). “Extended unified SEM approach for modeling event-related fMRI data”. NeuroImage, 54(2):1151– 1158.
M. Gaub and C. L. Carlson (1997). “Gender differences in ADHD: a meta-analysis and critical review”. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 36(8):1036–1045.
S. la Bastide-van Gemert, R. P. Stolk, E. R. van den Heuvel and V. Fidler (2014). “Causal inference algorithms can be useful in life course epidemiology”. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 67(2):190–198.
J. Gershon and J. Gershon (2002). “A meta-analytic review of gender differences in ADHD”. Journal of Attention Disorders, 5(3):143–154.
Z. Ghahramani, G. E. Hinton et al. (1996). “The EM algorithm for mixtures of factor analyzers (CRG-TR-96-1)”. Technical report, University of Toronto.
M. F. Gielissen, J. F. Wiborg, C. A. Verhagen, H. Knoop and G. Bleijen- berg (2012). “Examining the role of physical activity in reducing postcancer fatigue”. Supportive Care in Cancer, 20(7):1441–1447.
K. Goldsmith, T. Chalder, P. White, M. Sharpe and A. Pickles (2018). “Mea- surement error, time lag, unmeasured confounding: Considerations for longitudinal es- timation of the effect of a mediator in randomised clinical trials”. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 27(6):1615–1633.
J. J. Grefenstette (1986). “Optimization of control parameters for genetic algorithms”. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 16(1):122–128.
D. Gunzler, T. Chen, P. Wu and H. Zhang (2013). “Introduction to mediation analysis with structural equation modeling”. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 25(6):390. T. Haavelmo (1943). “The statistical implications of a system of simultaneous equa-
tions”. Econometrica, Journal of the Econometric Society, pages 1–12.
T. J. Haight, W. J. Jagust and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (2012). “Relative contributions of biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease”. Annals of Epi- demiology, 22(12):868–875.
F. Hajabdollahi, Z. Hajabdollahi and H. Hajabdollahi (2012). “Soft comput- ing based multi-objective optimization of steam cycle power plant using NSGA-II and ANN”. Applied Soft Computing, 12(11):3648–3655.
J. A. Hall, M. A. Milburn and A. M. Epstein (1993). “A causal model of health status and satisfaction with medical care”. Medical Care, pages 84–94.
J. A. Hanley and B. J. McNeil (1983). “A method of comparing the areas un-
der receiver operating characteristic curves derived from the same cases.” Radiology, 148(3):839–843.
S. Harwood and R. Scheines (2002). “Genetic algorithm search over causal models (CMU-PHIL-131)”. Carnegie Mellon University.
D. Heckerman, C. Meek and G. Cooper (1999). “A Bayesian approach to causal discovery”. Computation, Causation, and Discovery, 19:141–166.
BIBLIOGRAPHY 125 D. Hedeker and R. D. Gibbons (2006). Longitudinal Data Analysis. John Wiley &
Sons.
M. J. Heins, H. Knoop, W. J. Burk and G. Bleijenberg (2013). “The process of cognitive behaviour therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: Which changes in per- petuating cognitions and behaviour are related to a reduction in fatigue?” Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 75(3):235–241.
W. Henneman, J. Sluimer, J. Barnes, W. Van Der Flier, I. Sluimer, N. Fox, P. Scheltens, H. Vrenken and F. Barkhof (2009). “Hippocampal atrophy rates
in Alzheimer disease: added value over whole brain volume measures”. Neurology,
72(11):999–1007.
K. J. Holzinger and F. Swineford (1939). “A study in factor analysis: The stability of a bi-factor solution.” Supplementary Educational Monographs, (48).
J. Honaker, G. King, M. Blackwell et al. (2011). “Amelia II: A program for missing data”. Journal of Statistical Software, 45(7):1–47.
K. D. Hoover (2008). “Causality in economics and econometrics”. In S. N. Durlauf and L. E. Blume, editors, “The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics”, Palgrave Macmillan Basingstoke.
A. Hughes, C. Hirsch, T. Chalder and R. Moss-Morris (2016). “Attentional and interpretive bias towards illness-related information in chronic fatigue syndrome: A systematic review”. British Journal of Health Psychology, 21(4):741–763.
A. Hyttinen, F. Eberhardt and P. O. Hoyer (2012). “Learning linear cyclic causal models with latent variables”. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 13:3387–3439.
A. Hyv¨arinen, S. Shimizu and P. O. Hoyer (2008). “Causal modelling combining
instantaneous and lagged effects: an identifiable model based on non-gaussianity”. In “Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Machine Learning”, pages 424– 431. ACM.
P. Jacobsen, L. Azzarello and D. Hann (1999a). “Relation of catastrophizing to fatigue severity in women with breast cancer”. Cancer Research, Therapy, and Control, 8:155–164.
P. B. Jacobsen, D. M. Hann, L. M. Azzarello, J. Horton, L. Balducci and G. H. Lyman (1999b). “Fatigue in women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: characteristics, course, and correlates”. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 18(4):233–242.
S. Jaffri and T. Ahsan (2015). “Frequency of hyponatremia in central nervous system infections”. Journal of Neuroinfectious Diseases, 6:179.
A. Janse, J. F. Wiborg, G. Bleijenberg, M. Tummers and H. Knoop (2016). “The efficacy of guided self-instruction for patients with idiopathic chronic fatigue: A randomized controlled trial”. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 84(5):377.
S. K. Jha, R. K. Garg, A. Jain, H. S. Malhotra, R. Verma and P. K. Sharma (2015). “Definite (microbiologically confirmed) tuberculous meningitis: predictors and prognostic impact”. Infection, 43(6):639–645.
R. J. Johnson, J. Feehally and J. Floege (2014). Comprehensive Clinical Nephrology. Elsevier Health Sciences.
K. G. J¨oreskog (1967). “Some contributions to maximum likelihood factor analysis”.
Psychometrika, 32(4):443–482.
K. G. J¨oreskog (1977). “Structural equation models in the social sciences: Specification
estimation and testing”. Applications of Statistics, pages 265–287.
N. Jozefowiez, F. Semet and E.-G. Talbi (2005). “Enhancements of nsga II and its application to the vehicle routing problem with route balancing”. In “International Conference on Artificial Evolution (Evolution Artificielle)”, pages 131–142. Springer.
M. Kalisch, M. M¨achler, D. Colombo, M. H. Maathuis and P. B¨uhlmann
(2012). “Causal inference using graphical models with the R package pcalg”. Journal of Statistical Software, 47(11):1–26.
A. Kelava, B. Nagengast and H. Brandt (2014). “A nonlinear structural equa- tion mixture modeling approach for nonnormally distributed latent predictor variables”. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 21(3):468–481.
A. Kelava, C. S. Werner, K. Schermelleh-Engel, H. Moosbrugger, D. Zapf, Y. Ma, H. Cham, L. S. Aiken and S. G. West (2011). “Advanced nonlinear latent variable modeling: Distribution analytic LMS and QML estimators of interaction
and quadratic effects”. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal,
18(3):465–491.
K. Kelley (2007). “Methods for the behavioral, educational, and social sciences: An R package”. Behavior Research Methods, 39(4):979–984.
D. Kenny, D. Kashy and N. Bolger (1998). “Data analysis in social psychology”. In D. Gilbert, S. Fiske and G. Lindzey, editors, “The Handbook of Social Psychology”, volume 1, pages 233–265. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
R. C. Kessler (1977). “The use of change scores as criteria in longitudinal survey
research”. Quality and Quantity, 11(1):43–66.
D. K. Kim and K. W. Joo (2009). “Hyponatremia in patients with neurologic disor- ders”. Electrolytes & Blood Pressure, 7(2):51–57.
J. Kim, W. Zhu, L. Chang, P. M. Bentler and T. Ernst (2007). “Unified structural equation modeling approach for the analysis of multisubject, multivariate functional mri data”. Human Brain Mapping, 28(2):85–93.
R. Kline (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. Methodology in the Social Sciences. Guilford Press.
BIBLIOGRAPHY 127 H. Knoop, J. B. Prins, R. Moss-Morris and G. Bleijenberg (2010). “The central role of cognitive processes in the perpetuation of chronic fatigue syndrome”. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 68(5):489–494.
H. Knoop, K. Van Kessel and R. Moss-Morris (2012). “Which cognitions and behaviours mediate the positive effect of cognitive behavioural therapy on fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis?” Psychological Medicine, 42(1):205–213.
I. G. Kreft and J. de Leeuw (1998). Introducing Multilevel Modeling. Sage.
M. Kr¨oll, M. Juhler and J. Lindholm (1992). “Hyponatraemia in acute brain dis-
ease”. Journal of Internal Medicine, 232(4):291–297.
S. Kukkonen and J. Lampinen (2005). “GDE3: The third evolution step of generalized differential evolution”. In “The 2005 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation”, volume 1, pages 443–450. IEEE.
A. van Laarhoven, S. Dian, C. Ruesen, E. Hayati, M. S. Damen, J. Annisa, L. Chaidir, R. Ruslami, T. H. Achmad, M. G. Netea et al. (2017). “Clinical parameters, routine inflammatory markers, and lta4h genotype as predictors of mortality among 608 patients with tuberculous meningitis in indonesia”. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 215(7):1029–1039.
G. Lacerda, P. L. Spirtes, J. Ramsey and P. O. Hoyer (2008). “Discovering
cyclic causal models by independent components analysis”. In “Proceedings of the 24th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence”, pages 366–374.
G. Lakoff and R. E. N´u˜nez (2000). “Where mathematics comes from: How the
embodied mind brings mathematics into being”. AMC, 10:12.
T. Lange and J. V. Hansen (2011). “Direct and indirect effects in a survival context”. Epidemiology, 22(4):575–581.
L. Larun, K. G. Brurberg, J. Odgaard-Jensen and J. R. Price (2016). “Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome”. Cochrane Database of Systematic Review, 6.
S. L. Lauritzen (1992). “Propagation of probabilities, means, and variances in
mixed graphical association models”. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 87(420):1098–1108.
D. A. Lawlor, R. M. Harbord, J. A. Sterne, N. Timpson and G. Davey Smith (2008). “Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal in-