CALCOMP PRINTER

---9 NFORS2 NIOMAX MRGN LINLIM MPAGE MODE28 KPGRID KPEN(1) KPEN(2) KPEN(3) 10 10 2 100 0 1 0 1 1 1 ---Parameters:

NFORS2: the number of rows of the Fourier series table that will be printed.

Each harmonic occupies one row. Etc. as for MINHAR

NIOMAX: default limit for rotor speed iterations of the Type-59 S.M. This default value can be redefined by a Class-2 S.M. "TOLERANCES" request (chapter VIII).

MRGN: the margin of blank space separating vector graphics plots in the case of paper (not screen) destination (batch mode plotting).

LINLIM: the line limit for batch-mode "PRINTER PLOT" graphs. In the absence of such protection, users have been known to waste incredible quantities of paper due to errors of scaling.

MPAGE: the binary flag that indicates whether the user wants each batch-mode character plot ("PRINTER PLOT") to begin on a new page, following usage of the

"1H1" carriage control. A value of unity will begin each such plot on a new page, whereas zero will bypass such special treatment.

MODE28: an integer that chooses the starting mode of batch-mode plotting. The choices are:

1) CALCOMP PLOT;

2) PRINTER PLOT;

3) CALCOMP PRINTER.

Also refer to NOCALC (card 15) and MODSCR (card 10).

KPGRID: an integer that controls drawing of the grid both for batch mode as well as for SPY vector graphics plots. This is equivalent to the starting value for the first parameter of the "PEN CHOICE" request of batch-mode plotting (see chapter XIV). To suppress the grid (the default choice of the EMTP for more than a decade), set this value to zero. To activate the grid, specify a non-zero value (this will change line style or color). The user of a color monitor is advised to select his default colors carefully, since only a very few are easily visible and distinguishable on a typical monitor. Do not be fooled by advertising that proclaims "16 million colors to choose from" (nonsense to the

human eye). Other, related parameters are : IZGR1 (card 13), IZGR2 (card 14), FILL1 and FILL2 (both on card 3), NCUT1 and NCUT2 (both on card 12).

KPEN(1): 1st of 4 possible pen choices (line style or color) for batch mode and SPY vector graphics. The four numbers associated with KPEN (three on this card, one on card 10) are those parameters numbered 2 through 5 of the "PEN CHOICE"

request of batch-mode vector graphics plotting (see chapter XIV).

KPEN(2): 2nd of 4 possible pen choices (line style or color) for batch mode and SPY vector graphics. Also see KPEN (1).

KPEN(3): 3rd of 4 possible pen choices (line style or color) for batch mode and SPY vector graphics. Also see KPEN (1).

Card 10. 3rd Miscellaneous Integers

---10 ..(4) KOMLEV NSMTH MODSCR KOLALP MAXFLG LIMCRD LCHSUP LCHTIT LCHXAX 1 -1 50 2 5 1 4000 1 2 0 ---Parameters:

KPEN(4): 4th of 4 possible pen choices (line style or color) for batch mode and SPY vector graphics.Also see KPEN (1) on card 9. This 4th color in addition is used for all labelling in a batch mode plot.

KOMLEV: the level for echoing comment cards during the input of data base modules ($INCLUDE usage) (see sections XIX-F and I-K). The value "-1"

suppresses all such display during input.

NSMTH: default value for the limit on the number of consecutive ups and downs before averaging of successive ordinates will occur as part of batch-mode, vector-graphic plotting. Batch mode plotting also has a dedicated SMOOTH-request (see chapter XIV).

MODSCR: the default value for the flag that indicates the destination device for batch mode vector plot output. The code is as follows:

"0" indicates separate vector graphics plotting on a plotter (no screen plot),

"1" indicates both screen and plotter vector graphics plots, and finally,

"2" indicates screen plotting only (no separate plotter vector graphics). Note that the choice of "2" for Apollo can be made by any user, since he has a vector-graphic screen for which the plotting interface is established. Separate plotter hardware (e.g. CalComp, Benson, HPGL, Postscript, ...) is less common and is not standard included in the executables provided by LEC. Also refer to section I-E-1.e, describing possibilities for such interfacing.

KOLALP: one fewer than the number of bytes making up an ALPHANUMERIC variable name (e.g., a node name). Mnemonically, this is "column ALPHANUMERIC."

Typically, all node names are six characters long.

MAXFLG: the multiplicity with which SPY will check for user-keyed interrupts. A value of unity means that such checking will be performed at every opportunity.

Yet if such checking might be time consuming (this will be dependent upon computer, of course), this continual checking could involve a significant waste of time. Remember, there are four opportunities for a SPY break each time-step.

If the user set MAXFLG = 4, he still would have the chance to interrupt execution every time step.

LIMCRD: the upper limit on the number of 80-column card images that can be stored in the cache of LUNT10.

For most computer systems, LUNTEX (card 14) is different from LUNT10 (card 16).

In that case, LIMCRD just is the maximum number of 80-column card images of the input data deck that can be stored in the LUNT10-cache. Hence, input data is read into unoccupied LUNT10 storage, and the remainder, through position LIMCRD, is never used unless there is data modularization ($INCLUDE usage of Section I-K) or data sorting by class (Sections I-J), in which case the blank space is used to insert or reorder the input records. A few other features of the program use the bottom of LUNT10 storage to accumulate records, too, but this burden is generally negligible compared with that of the sorting of input data.

As a general rule, there must be as much free space as actually required to store user data cards. So, for example, the figure LIMCRD = 4000 allows about 2000 free spaces after storage of 2000 data cards (including any expansion due to the use of $INCLUDE, of course). So why not make LIMCRD equal to infinity, thereby allowing arbitrarily large data cases? Some computers might have a limit on such usage, whereas others may execute slower with such astronomical indexing. Most computers will tie up that much more disk space, it is believed (how many operating systems would be smart enough not to store the unused gap in the middle?). It is to be emphasized that card images are actually stored at the bottom of LUNT10 with inverse indexing, sometimes, and this bottom is defined by LIMCRD.

For IBM mainframe, however, LUNTEX (card 14) and LUNT10 (card 16) are equal. In that case, the language font file (so called direct access file) is not really a direct access file but rather a block data structure. There are about 5600 lines of 80 characters in this structure, which is added in the LUNT10-cache during execution. The reason for this was the heavy penalisation of disk access at K.U.Leuven. In addition, also the input data deck is loaded in the LUNT10-cache.

This cache currently is dimensioned to 10 000. Accordingly, LIMCRD should be larger than 5600 plus the number of records of the largest data set one wants to run, but in any case, LIMCRD can not be larger than 10 000 (current limit of the LUNT10-cache).

LCHSUP: provides control over the font that is to be used for the super title of vector-graphic plots of SPY "PLOT" usage. The same font will be used for X-axis labeling of X-Y plots, too. Yet functioning of LCHSUP is installation-dependent.

a) Apollo : character height, expressed in inch.

b) Salford : character height, expressed in hundredths of an inch.

LCHTIT: which controls the character font that is used for both the multi-line case title text as well as the Y-axis text (not the numbers) of SPY "PLOT"

usage. Yet functioning of this is installation-dependent.

a) Apollo : character height, expressed in inch.

b) Salford : character height, expressed in hundredths of an inch.

LCHXAX: provides control over the drawing of the X-axis line and related axis numbering of the vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage.

- A negative value (use "-1" for uniformity) will suppress both the X-axis and also its associated numbers and labeling. In general, this would only be done if one or more grids provide alternate horizontal measurement.

- The value zero will suppress the axis itself, but not the associated numbers and labeling. This is commonly used along with one or both grids, note, since the grids have no such numbers or labels.

- A positive LCHXAX is installation-dependent (see subroutine VECPLT).

a) Apollo : (?) control over the boldness of the axis.

b) Salford : height of X-axis numbers in hundredths of an inch

Card 11. 4th Miscellaneous Integers

---1 LCHYAX NXINCH NYINCH NXOFF NYOFF NSMPLT KOLWID KOLSEP JCOLU---1 KSLOWR 0 74 68 100 40 50 11 1 0 5 ---Parameters:

LCHYAX: provides control over drawing of the Y-axis line and related axis numbering of the vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage. It is the vertical equivalent of the preceding LCHXAX for the X-axis.

NXINCH: the number of pixels per inch in the X-direction, for the vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage.

NYINCH: the number of pixels per inch in the Y-direction, for the vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage.

NXOFF: the number of pixels in the X-direction that the plot is offset within the plot window, for the vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage.

NYOFF: the number of pixels in the Y-direction that the plot is offset within the plot window, for the vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage.

NSMPLT: the number of successive ups and downs (cycles of a saw-toothed oscillation) before averaging will be instituted for SPY "PLOT" usage.

KOLWID: default width for column output of the time-step loop. The value of

"11" is minimal, corresponding to past practice when only six significant digits were printed. The average production user may want to expand this to "13" (see usage of DC-4). In any case, such initial values can be altered by a "PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH" request (see section II-A-28).

KOLSEP: default inter-column blank separation that is included as part of the preceding KOLWID. The value of "1" is minimal, corresponding to past practice.

The average production user may want to expand this to "2" (see usage of DC-4).

In any case, such initial values can be altered by a "PRINTED NUMBER WIDTH"

request (see section II-A-28).

JCOLU1: a binary flag that controls whether LUNIT6 output is to include a carriage-control character or not. The user is advised to set JCOLU1=0. If the first column of output text then is invisible, better toggle JCOLU to 1. Since the IBM mainframe, Apollo and PC screens do not respond to carriage control characters, "0" is used. But for a computer system such as VAX/VMS, SCOLU1 should be toggled to "1".

KSLOWR: the frequency with which a rolling vector plot (use of "ROLLV") is updated, for SPY "PLOT" usage. If unity, every time a new solution point is known, it will be displayed. But such instantaneous display slows down the simulation. It is more efficient to allow several solution points to accumulate before they are displayed. Who needs to see each time step instantly, anyway?

Card 12. 5th Miscellaneous Integers

---2 KSYMBL NOBACK KOLEXM LTEK NCUT1 NCUT---2 INCHPX INCHPY LCHFIL LCHLIM 200 1 60 1 1 1 2 2 0 0 ---Parameters:

KSYMBL: the initial frequency to put marking symbols on a vector plot (use of

"ROLLV"), for SPY "PLOT" usage. If no marking is wanted, set KSYMBL to a very large positive integer. The "MARK" sub-subcommand of the "TEK" subcommand of the "PLOT" command of SPY can redefine this initial value (see chapter XVI).

Also see the related parameter MAXSYM (card 13).

NOBACK: the binary flag that indicates whether BACKSPACE of the LUNIT4 plot file is permissible within the "LUNIT4" command of SPY. Zero means that BACKSPACE is reliable for this computer of interest, whereas unity means that BACKSPACE is unreliable, and is to be avoided (by alternate reliance upon REWIND and then forward READs).

KOLEXM: the maximum width of each line of SPY "EXAMINE" output. This should normally be set so as to fit within the SPY window, so the user avoids scrolling left or right to see such output.

LTEK: initial value of the binary flag that indicates which mode of plotting (character vs. vector) is to be used by the "PLOT" command of SPY. Zero means character plotting, whereas unity is for vector plotting. This initial choice can later be toggled at any time by using the "MODE" subcommand of the "PLOT"

command of SPY (see chapter XVI).

NCUT1: This parameter again is highly system dependent, but always related to SPY vector plotting.

a) On Apollo : the number of separate segments that are to make up the horizontal and vertical lines of the first (outer) grid of a vector plot of SPY

"PLOT" usage. For solid lines, which are faster to draw, use a value of unity.

Dashed grids are possible, and sometimes appealing, but can be slow to draw. An example would be to use NCUT1 = 50, which really means that within SUBROUTINE TGRID, 50 separate short lines will be drawn for each separate vertical or horizontal line of the first grid. Related parameters are IZGR1 (card 13) and FILL1 (card 3).

b) On Salford : color of the super title line (SPY plotting).

NCUT2: This parameter again is highly system dependent, but always related to SPY vector plotting.

a) On Apollo : the number of separate segments that are to make up the horizontal and vertical lines of the second (inner) grid of a vector plot of SPY

"PLOT" usage. See also NCUT1 for possible values. Related parameters are IZGR2 (card 14) and FILL2 (card 3).

b) On Salford : color of the multi-line case title (SPY plotting).

INCHPX: the number of inches between tic marks and corresponding numbers of the X-axis (SPY plotting). A value of two is common, meaning that every other inch, the tic mark of the X-axis will be numbered. The length of the tic mark is controlled by LTIC (card 14).

INCHPY: the number of inches between tic marks and corresponding numbers of the Y-axis (SPY plotting). A value of two is common, meaning that every other inch, the tic mark of the Y-axis will be numbered. The length of the tic mark is controlled by LTIC (card 14).

LCHFIL: controls the output of the first two lines of the plot identification of the vector plot (SPY plotting). At issue are the plot number, the date and the time, and the plot variables. Note the relationship with LCHLIM, which controls the remainder of the plot identification.

A negative value (e.g. : -1) will suppress such output.

A non-negative value will activate such output. But the meaning becomes system-dependent:

a) on Apollo : character height, in inches.

b) on Salford : character height, in hundredths of an inch.

LCHLIM: controls the remainder of the plot identification of the vector plot (SPY plotting). It covers the scaling and limits of both axes, as well as any hidden factors and offsets. Note the relationship to LCHFIL, which controls the first half of the plot identification. Meaning is similar :

A negative value (i.e. : -1) will suppress such output.

A non-negative value will activate such output. But the meaning becomes system-dependent :

a) on Apollo : character height, in inches.

b) on Salford : character height, in hundredths of an inch.

Card 13. 6th Miscellaneous Integers

---13 NXID6 NYID6 MAXSYM IHS LIMCOL KLEVL KEXTR NXMAX NYMAX IZGR1 10 330 3 3 79 0 0 511 430 0 ---Parameters:

NXID6: X-pixels for the start of the "Graph Number" line that explains the vector-graphic display of SPY "PLOT".

NYID6: Y-pixels for the start of the "Graph Number" line that explains the vector-graphic display of SPY "PLOT".

MAXSYM: the maximum number of symbols that will be placed on each curve of a vector plot of SPY "PLOT" in order to identify the curve. This feature is not applicable in "ROLLV" mode. Discarding points due to "smoothing" may reduce the number shown. Also see related parameters NSMPLT (card 11- smoothing) and KSYMBL (card 12 - frequency of marking symbols).

IHS: the default or starting value for integer time-units code of SPY "PLOT".

This can be changed by the "TIME UNITS" subcommand of the "PLOT" command (see chapter XVI). Also see related parameter TIMULT (card 5). There should be agreement between the IHS integer number and the scaling factor for time units (TIMULT).

Possible values are:

IHS TIMULT Meaning

1 360*FPOWER degrees, based on power frequency

2 FPOWER cycles, based on power frequency

3 1. seconds

4 1.E3 milliseconds

5 1.E6 microseconds

6 1. Hertz (linear scale)

7 1. log to the base of 10 of Hertz

(semilogarithmic scale)

8 1. log to the base of 10 of Hertz

(double-logarithmic scale)

LIMCOL: the default or starting value for the column width of a character plot of SPY "PLOT". This can be changed by the "SET COLUMN" subcommand of the "PLOT"

command (see chapter XVI).

KLEVL: the beginning value for the binary flag that indicates whether or not level crossings are to be displayed for the SPY "PLOT" variables. A zero will result in no level-crossing output, whereas unity will produce a table showing when variables of the plot cross the specified levels. When the request to show level crossings is active, a subsequent SPY PLOT subcommand "LEVEL" (see chapter XVI) will follow, allowing the user to specify one level value per selected output variable (output selected via the SPY-NAME command).

KEXTR: the beginning value for the binary flag that indicates whether or not extrema are to be calculated for the SPY "PLOT" variables. A zero will result in no extrema output, whereas unity will produce a table of extrema for the variables of the plot prior to creating the plot. The current status of this variable can be toggled at any later time by the subcommand "EXTREMA" of the

"PLOT" command of SPY (see chapter XVI).

NXMAX: the X-direction width of the plotting window in pixels (SPY plotting).

NYMAX: the Y-direction height of the plotting window in pixels (SPY plotting).

IZGR1: which provides control over the first of two staggered grids of the vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage. For all computers allowing SPY vector graphics, a negative value (use "-1" for uniformity) will suppress this outer grid. For some computers, the size of a positive value will control the boldness of the grid. For others, there is no such control. Since variable IZGR1 is only used within installation-dependent module "VECPLT", this detail can depend on the computer of interest. Related parameters are FILL1 (card 3) and NCUT1 (card 12).

Card 14. 7th Miscellaneous Integers

---14 IZGR2 LTIC NXVERN LRLIM KASEND LUNDAT KTRPL4 JORIEN LIMPNL LUNTEX 0 7 30 75 5 3 0 0 200 11 ---Parameters:

IZGR2: which provides control over the second of two staggered grids of the vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage. For all computers allowing SPY vector graphics, a negative value (use "-1" for uniformity) will suppress this outer grid. For some computers, the size of a positive value will control the boldness of the grid. For others, there is no such control. Since variable IZGR2 is only used within installation-dependent module "VECPLT", this detail can depend on the computer of interest. Related parameters are NCUT2 (card 12) and FILL2 (card 3).

LTIC: half of the length of the tic marks (expressed in number of pixels) that are used on the X and Y axes (SPY plotting). The tic mark is drawn this many pixels on either side of the axis. Recall that positioning of the tic marks is controlled by INCHPX and INCHPY (both on card 12).

NXVERN: the horizontal pixel position at which Y-axis numbers are to be applied to a vector plot of SPY "PLOT" usage. For time or frequency plots, this usually is starting from an origin (expressed in number of pixels), located at the lower left corner of a window. For X-Y plotting, this origin usually is referred to the center point of a window.

LRLIM: the iteration limit ("LIM") of the LR-transform ("LR") that is used to calculate eigenvalues within the "LINE CONSTANTS" overlay. See related parameter EPSLRT (card 7).

KASEND: the minimum number of records that must remain in the input data file in order for the program to consider solving a following, stacked data subcase. At issue is whether or not the program will read a blank bounding data case after case-summary statistics. This is illustrated in DC36 (DATA BASE MODULE - section XIX-F). With value 5, note that the execution terminates, thereby saving a

KASEND: the minimum number of records that must remain in the input data file in order for the program to consider solving a following, stacked data subcase. At issue is whether or not the program will read a blank bounding data case after case-summary statistics. This is illustrated in DC36 (DATA BASE MODULE - section XIX-F). With value 5, note that the execution terminates, thereby saving a

In document Rulebook (Page 44-64)