To subtract numbers on a calculator, find the keys marked
and or .
For example, to find on a calculator, press the
keys or .
The display will read 34. Thus, 83 - 49 = 34.
ENTER 49 =
83
-83 - 49 ENTER
=
-Use a calculator to subtract.
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 9625 - 647 6. 10,711 - 8925 366 - 87 147 - 38
76 - 27 865 - 95
Objective Subtract. Check by adding. See Examples 1 and 2.
1.4 Exercise Set
Vocabulary and Readiness Check
Use the choices below to fill in each blank.
0 minuend difference
number subtrahend
1. The difference of any number and that same number is . 2. The difference of any number and 0 is the same .
3. In , the number 37 is the , and the number 19 is the . 4. In , the number 18 is called the .
Find each difference.
Subtract. Check by adding. See Examples 1 through 4.
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37. 50,000 - 17,289 38. 40,000 - 23,582 39. 7020 - 1979
40. 6050 - 1878 41. 51,111 - 19,898 42. 62,222 - 39,898
Objective Solve. See Examples 5 and 6.
43. Subtract 5 from 9. 44. Subtract 9 from 21.
45. Find the difference of 41 and 21. 46. Find the difference of 16 and 5.
47. Subtract 56 from 63. 48. Subtract 41 from 59.
49. Find 108 less 36. 50. Find 25 less 12.
51. Find 12 subtracted from 100. 52. Find 86 subtracted from 90.
53. Professor Graham is reading a 503-page book. If she has just finished reading page 239, how many more pages must she read to finish the book?
54. When a couple began a trip, the odometer read 55,492. When the trip was over, the odometer read 59,320. How many miles did they drive on their trip?
55. In 2002, the hole in the Earth’s ozone layer over Antarctica was about 22 million square kilometers in size. In 2008, the hole had grown to 25 million square kilometers. By how much did the hole grow from 2002 to 2008? (Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA)
56. Bamboo can grow to 98 feet while Pacific giant kelp (a type of seaweed) can grow to 197 feet. How much taller is the kelp than the bamboo?
Bamboo Kelp
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57. Find the total U.S. land area drained by the Upper Mississippi and Lower Mississippi sub-basins.
58. Find the total U.S. land area drained by the Ohio and Tennessee sub-basins.
59. How much more land is drained by the Missouri sub-basin than the Arkansas Red-White sub-basin?
60. How much more land is drained by the Upper Mississippi sub-basin than the Lower Mississippi sub-basin?
61. The peak of Mt. McKinley in Alaska is 20,320 feet above sea level. The peak of Long’s Peak in Colorado is 14,255 feet above sea level. How much higher is the peak of Mt. McKinley than Long’s Peak? (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
62. On January 12, 1916, the city of Indianapolis, Indiana, had the greatest temperature change in a day. It dropped 58 degrees. If the high temperature was 68° Fahrenheit, what was the low temperature?
63. The Oroville Dam, on the Feather River, is the tallest dam in the United States at 754 feet. The Hoover Dam, on the Colorado River, is 726 feet high. How much taller is the Oroville Dam than the Hoover Dam? (Source: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation)
64. A new iPhone with 32 GB costs $299. Jocelyn Robinson has $713 in her savings account. How much will she have left in her savings account after she buys the iPhone? (Source: Apple, Inc.)
65. The distance from Kansas City to Denver is 645 miles. Hays, Kansas, lies on the road between the two and is 287 miles from Kansas City. What is the distance between Hays and Denver?
66. Pat Salanki’s blood cholesterol level is 243. The doctor tells him it should be decreased to 185. How much of a decrease is this?
67. A new DVD player with remote control costs $295.
A college student has $914 in her savings account.
How much will she have left in her savings account after she buys the DVD player?
68. A stereo that regularly sells for $547 is discounted by
$99 in a sale. What is the sale price?
A river basin is the geographic area drained by a river and its tributaries. The Mississippi River Basin is the third largest in the world and is divided into six sub-basins, whose areas are shown in the following bar graph. Use this graph for Exercises 57 through 60.
Missouri
Area (in square miles)
600
Mississippi River Basin
Sub-Basins
14,255 feet
Long’s Peak, Colorado Mt. McKinley, Alaska
?
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69. The population of Oklahoma is projected to grow from 3648 thousand in 2009 to 4100 thousand in 2025. What is Oklahoma’s projected population increase over this time?
70. In 1996, the centennial of the Boston Marathon, the official number of participants was 38,708. In 2009, there were 12,322 fewer participants. How many official participants were there for the 2009 Boston Marathon?
Boston
The decibel (dB) is a unit of measurement for sound. Every increase of 10 dB is a tenfold increase in sound intensity.
The bar graph below shows the decibel levels for some common sounds. Use this graph for Exercises 71 through 74.
120
100
80
60
Decibels (dB) 40
0
Decibel Levels for Common Sounds
20
71. What is the dB rating for live rock music?
72. Which is the quietest of all the sounds shown in the graph?
73. How much louder is the sound of snoring than normal conversation?
74. What is the difference in sound intensity between live rock music and loud television?
75. The 111th Congress has 539 senators and representatives. Of these, 219 were registered Boy Scouts at some time in their lives. How many members of the 111th Congress were never Boy Scouts? (Source: Boy Scouts of America, U.S. Senate)
76. In the United States, there were 23,729 tornadoes from 1990 through 2008. In all, 13,205 of these tornadoes occurred from 1990 through 2000. How many tornadoes occurred during the period after 2000? (Source: Storm Prediction Center, National Weather Service)
77. Until recently, the world’s largest permanent maze was located in Ruurlo, Netherlands. This maze of beech hedges covers 94,080 square feet. A new hedge maze using hibiscus bushes at the Dole Plantation in Wahiawa, Hawaii, covers 100,000 square feet. How much larger is the Dole Plantation maze than the Ruurlo maze? (Source: The Guinness Book of Records)
78. There were only 25 California condors in the entire world in 1987. To date, the number has increased to an estimated 127 living in the wild. How much of an increase is this? (Source: California Department of Fish and Game)
Solve.
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83. Two seniors, Jo Keen and Trudy Waterbury, were candidates for student government president. Who won the election if the votes were cast as follows? By how many votes did the winner win?
84. Two students submitted advertising budgets for a student government fund-raiser.
The bar graph shows the top five U.S. airports according to number of passengers arriving and departing in 2007.
Use this graph to answer Exercises 79 through 82.
Top Five Airports in U.S.
Number of Passengers Arriving and Departing (in millions)
Source: Airports Council International
79. Which airport is the busiest?
80. Which airports have fewer than 70 million passengers per year?
81. How many more passengers per year does the Chicago O’Hare International Airport have than the Denver International Airport?
82. How many more passengers per year does the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport have than the Dallas/Ft.Worth International Airport?
If $1200 is available for advertising, how much excess would each budget have?
Candidate
Class Jo Trudy
Freshman 276 295
Sophomore 362 122
Junior 201 312
Senior 179 18
Student A Student B
Radio ads $600 $300
Newspaper ads $200 $400
Posters $150 $240
Handbills $120 $170
Mixed Practice (Sections 1.3 and 1.4) Add or subtract as indicated.
85. 86. 986 87. 76 - 67 88. 80 + 93 + 17 + 9 + 2
For each exercise, identify which number is the minuend and which number is the subtrahend. See the Concept Check in this section.
93. 48 - 1
94. 2863 - 1904
95. Subtract 7 from 70. 96. Find 86 decreased by 25.
Identify each answer as correct or incorrect. Use addition to check. If the answer is incorrect, then write the correct answer.
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97. 98. 99. 100. 7615
- 547 7168 1029
- 888 141 478
- 89 389 741
- 56 675
Fill in the missing digits in each problem.
101. 526 - 2 85
28 4
102. 10, 4 - 8 5 4
710
105. The local college library is having a Million Pages of Reading promotion. The freshmen have read a total of 289,462 pages; the sophomores have read a total of 369,477 pages; the juniors have read a total of 218,287 pages; and the seniors have read a total of 121,685 pages. Have they reached a goal of one million pages?
If not, how many more pages need to be read?
103. Is there a commutative property of subtraction? In other words, does order matter when subtracting?
Why or why not?
104. Explain why the phrase “Subtract 7 from 10”
translates to “10 - 7.”