1. Which of the following statements regarding shaping procedures is false? a. Shaping is performed after cleaning of the apical one third of the canal to ensure patency.
b. Shaping facilitates placement of instruments to the working length by increasing the coronal taper.
c. Shaping permits the a more accurate assessment of the apical, cross-sectional canal diameter.
d. Shaping is a necessary procedure because calcification occurs from the coronal portion of the canal to the apex.
2. Which of the following statements best describes the Profile Series 29 files? a. The Profile Series 29 files conform to the International Standards Organization (ISO) specifications for instrument design.
b. The instruments exhibit a constant percentage change between successive instruments.
c. The Profile Series 29 files were designed to facilitate preparation of the coronal portion of the radicular space.
d. The instruments are most useful in the larger sizes because there is a smaller change in diameter between the files.
3. Each of the following are direct advantages of pre-enlarging the radicular space,
except for one. Which is the exception?
a. It provides better tactile control of instruments when negotiating a small, curved canal.
b. It removes the bulk of tissue and contaminants before apical preparation. c. It facilitates obturation.
d. It provides a reservoir for the irrigant.
4. The result of root canal treatment in establishing patency is which of the following?
a. It revents procedural errors, such as canal blockage and transportation. b. It causes irritation of the periodontal attachment apparatus and increased postoperative pain.
c. It enlarges the apical terminus and increases the potential for extrusion of obturating materials.
d. It requires insertion of a file 1.0 to 2.0 mm beyond the canal terminus. 5. Which of the following statements regarding gauging and tuning is correct?
a. Gauging is performed in the coronal portion of the canal to confirm the coronal enlargement is complete.
b. Tuning identifies the most apical, cross-sectional diameter of the canal. c. Gauging and tuning verify the completed shaping of the apical portion of the canal.
d. Gauging and tuning produces a uniform, cylindric diameter to the canal in the apical 2 to 3 mm that enhances obturation and sealing.
6. Which of the following statements best describes the Quantec files? a. The instruments have a constant helical angle and three flutes. b. The recommended rotational speed is 1000 to 2000 RPM.
c. The instruments exhibit a constant rate of taper along their length.
d. The instruments exhibit varied tapers with a constant D0diameter of 0.25 mm.
7. Which of the following statements regarding the use of chelating agents in canal preparation is correct?
a. Aqueous solutions are preferred to viscous suspensions in canal preparation. b. Viscous suspensions are more effective in preventing accumulation of tissue and dentinal debris.
c. Viscous suspensions contain the highest concentration of
ethylenediaminetetracitic acid (EDTA) and are most effective in removing the smear layer.
d. Aqueous solutions are most efficient as lubricants and, therefore, preferred to viscous suspensions during canal preparation.
e. EDTA, in concert with sodium hypochlorite, causes a nascent release of oxygen, which kills anaerobic organisms.
8. Which of the following statements regarding an endogram is false?
a. An endogram would provide information on the extent of internal resorptive lesion.
b. The visualization of fractures and leaking restorations is attributed to the incorporation of Hypaque in the irrigating solution.
c. Conventional radiography and digital radiography may both be used in producing an endogram.
d. The endogram is used to confirm the correct working length.
9. During the early phase of root canal preparation, which of the following is true? a. The initial scouter file that moves easily through the canal should be advanced to the estimated working length.
b. The initial scouter file may not advance to the estimated working length because of the rate of instrument paper.
c. The initial scouter file should be advanced with a reciprocating action using apical pressure when resistance is encountered.
d. The initial scouter file is used before the introduction of a viscous chelator in cases exhibiting vital tissue.
10. Which of the following statements is correct regarding coronal canal preparation in endodontic treatment?
a. Nickel-and-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments are preferred to Gates-Glidden (GG) drills because they remove dentin uniformly from the canal wall.
b. NiTi rotary instruments are best used in a step-back fashion.
c. Both GG drills and NiTi rotary instruments should be used large to small, because this develops a preparation that is centered in the root.
d. GG drills used in a step-back technique can relocate the canal away from the furcal wall.
11. When using the balanced-force technique for canal preparation, which of the following statements is accurate?
a. The cutting stroke involves apical pressure and a counterclockwise rotation. b. Clockwise rotation balances the tendency of the file to be drawn into the canal during the cutting stroke.
c. Dentin is engaged with a counterclockwise rotation and cut with a 45- to 90- degree, clockwise rotation.
d. It requires the use of a crown down technique.
12. Extending a no. 10 file with a 0.02 taper 1.0 mm beyond the apical foramen will result in which of the following?
a. It opens the apical foramen to a minimum diameter of 0.12 mm. b. It increases postoperative discomfort to occlusal forces.
c. It reduces the percentage of change from a no. 10 file to a no. 15 file by 50%. d. It eliminates the natural constriction of the foramen and increases the chance for an overfill.