CATEGORIES OF INTELLIGENCE PRODUCTS

2-38. Intelligence products are generally placed in one of seven production categories: z I&W. z Current intelligence. z GMI. z Target intelligence. z S&TI. z CI. z Estimative.

Table 2-1. Examples of partners and sources of intelligence reach

Army

• Analysis and control element (ACE). • Intelligence support element. • Military intelligence (MI) brigade. • 902d MI Group.

• National Ground Intelligence Center (NGIC).

• Army Technical Control and Analysis Element.

• Army Reserve Intelligence Support Center.

• U.S. Army Intelligence Center Cultural Center.

• U.S. Army Chaplain Center and School World Religion Center.

Services

• Office of Naval Intelligence.

• National Maritime Intelligence Center. • Air Force Intelligence, Surveillance, and

Reconnaissance Agency.

• National Air and Space Intelligence Center.

• Marine Corps Intelligence Agency.

Joint

• U.S. European Command Joint Intelligence Operations Center (JIOC). • U.S. Southern Command JIOC.

• U.S. Special Operations Command JIOC. • U.S. Space Command Combat

Information Center.

• U.S. Joint Forces Command Air Intelligence Center.

• U.S. Central Command JIOC.

• U.S. Transportation Command JIOC. • U.S. Strategic Command.

• U.S. Space Command Combat Information Center JIOC. • U.S. Northern Command JIOC. • U.S. Africa Command JIOC.

Department of Defense

• Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA). • Civil-Military Operations.

• Missile and Space Intelligence Center. • National Center for Medical Intelligence.

• Defense Attaché Office. • Defense Human Intelligence.

• National Geospatial-Intelligence Center (NGA).

• National Security Agency (NSA).

Non-Department of Defense

• Department of Energy (DOE). • Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). • Department of State (DOS).

• Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA).

• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).

• U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).

National

• Director of National Intelligence (DNI). • National Intelligence Council (NIC). • Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). • National Reconnaissance Office (NRO).

• Bureau of Intelligence and Research (State Department).

• Office of Intelligence Support (Department of Transportation).

• Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

Commercial

• RAND.

• Jane’s Defense Weekly. • Economic Intelligence Unit. • Cable News Network.

• Reuters.

• Associated Press. • United Press International.

Foreign

• Defense Intelligence Staff, United Kingdom.

• National Defense Headquarters, Canada.

• Defense Intelligence Organization, Australia.

2-39. The categories of intelligence are distinguishable from each other based on the purpose of the intelligence product. The categories can overlap and some of the same intelligence is useful in more than one category. Depending upon the echelon, intelligence organizations use specialized procedures to develop each category of intelligence. The following information describes each category.

I

W

2-40. Indications and warning are those intelligence activities intended to detect and report time-sensitive intelligence information on foreign developments that could involve a threat to the United States or allied and/or coalition military, political, or economic interests or to U.S. citizens abroad. It includes forewarning of hostile actions or intentions against the United States, its activities, overseas forces, or allied and/or coalition nations (JP 2-0). I&W includes—

z Forewarning of threat actions or intentions. z The imminence of hostilities.

z Insurgency.

z Nuclear or non-nuclear attack on the United States, U.S. overseas forces, or multinational forces. z Hostile reactions to U.S. reconnaissance activities.

z Terrorist attacks. z Other similar events.

2-41. While the intelligence officer is primarily responsible for producing I&W intelligence, each element, such as the military police (MP) conducting police intelligence operations, within each unit contributes to I&W through awareness of the CCIRs and reporting related information.

C

I

2-42. Current intelligence supports ongoing operations; it involves the integration of time-sensitive, all- source intelligence and information into concise, accurate, and objective reporting on the area of operations (AO) and current threat situation. One of the most important forms of current intelligence is the threat situation portion of the COP. The intelligence officer is responsible for producing current intelligence for the unit. In addition to the current situation, current intelligence should provide projections of the threat’s anticipated actions and their implications on the friendly operation. (See JP 2-0.)

G

M

I

2-43. General military intelligence is intelligence concerning (1) military capabilities of foreign countries or organizations or (2) topics affecting potential U.S. or multinational military operations relating to armed forces capabilities, including threat characteristics, organization, training, tactics, doctrine, strategy, and other factors bearing on military strength and effectiveness, and area and terrain intelligence…(excludes scientific and technical intelligence) (JP 2-0). (The definition of GMI was shortened and the complete definition is printed in the glossary.) This broad category of intelligence is normally associated with long- term planning at the national level. However, GMI is also an essential tool for the intelligence staff and should be in place long before preparing for a particular military operation. The intelligence officer planner develops initial intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) from GMI products.

2-44. An up-to-date, comprehensive intelligence database is critical to the unit’s ability to rapidly plan and prepare for the range of operations and global environments in which the unit may operate. GMI supports the requirement to quickly respond to differing crisis situations with corresponding intelligence spanning the globe. One of the many places to obtain information for GMI is the medical intelligence database. (For additional information on medical intelligence, see FM 4-02, FM 4-02.7, FM 4-02.17, FM 4-02.18, and FM 8-42.)

2-45. The intelligence officer develops and maintains the unit’s GMI database on potential threat forces and other aspects of the joint operations area based on the commander’s guidance. As an essential component of intelligence readiness, this database supports the unit’s planning, preparation, execution, and

assessment of operations. The intelligence officer applies and updates the database as it executes its intelligence production tasks.

T

I

2-46. Target intelligence is the analysis of enemy units, dispositions, facilities, and systems to identify and nominate specific assets or vulnerabilities for attack, reattack, or exploitation (for intelligence). It consists of two mutually supporting production tasks:

z Target development. The systematic evaluation and analysis of target systems, system components, and component elements to identify high-value targets (HVTs) for potential engagement through lethal or nonlethal means.

z Combat assessment. Once a target is engaged, combat assessment provides a timely and accurate estimate of the effects of the application of military force (lethal or nonlethal) and command and control warfare on targets and target systems based on predetermined objectives.

S

T

I

2-47. Scientific and technical intelligence is the product resulting from the collection, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of foreign scientific and technical information. Scientific and technical intelligence covers foreign developments in basic and applied research and in applied engineering techniques and scientific and technical characteristics, capabilities, and limitations of all foreign military systems, weapons, weapon systems, and materiel, the related research and development (R&D), and the production methods employed for their manufacture (JP 2-01).

2-48. S&TI concerns foreign developments in basic and applied sciences and technologies with warfare potential. It includes characteristics, capabilities, vulnerabilities, and limitations of all weapon systems, subsystems, and associated materiel, as well as related R&D. S&TI also addresses overall weapon systems and equipment effectiveness. Specialized organizations⎯such as the DIA Missile and Space Intelligence Center (MSIC), INSCOM, Air Missile Defense, Army Area Air and Missile Defense Command, and NGIC⎯produce this category of intelligence. The intelligence officer establishes instructions within standing operating procedures (SOPs), OPORDs, and operation plans (OPLANs) for handling and evacuating captured enemy materiel (CEM) for S&TI exploitation.

C

2-49. CI analyzes the threats posed by foreign intelligence and security services (FISS) and international terrorist organizations (ITO) and the intelligence activities of nonstate actors, such as organized crime, terrorist groups, and drug traffickers. CI analysis incorporates all-source information and the results of CI investigations and operations to support a multidiscipline analysis of the force protection threat.

E

2-50. Estimates provide forecasts on how a situation may develop and the implications of planning and executing military operations. Estimative intelligence goes beyond descriptions of adversary capabilities or reporting of enemy activity. It tries to forecast the unknown based on an analysis of known facts using techniques such as pattern analysis, inference, and statistical probability.