UNIT-X : ECOLOGY
CHAPTER-16 : ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Multiple Choice Questions
1. Acid rain is caused by increase in the atmospheric concentration of
(a) CO2 and CO (b) O3 and dust (c) SO2 and NO2 (d) SO3 and CO.
2. BOD refers to
(a) the oxygen required for bacteria to grow in 1 Litre of effluent
(b) the amount of oxygen consumed if all the organic matter in 1000 mL of water were oxidised by bacteria (c) the amount of oxygen released if all the organic matter
in 1000 mL of water were oxidised by bacteria (d) the amount of oxygen released when all the organic
matter was consumed by bacteria in 1 litre of water.
3. A citizens group called Friends of the Arcata Marsh (FOAM) basically belongs to
(a) Germany (b) USA
(c) Canada (d) UK.
4. Hyacinth is termed as the Terror of Bengal. How does it cause death of fishes?
(a) Covers the surface of the water that inhibit sunlight to pass through
(b) Drains oxygen from the water that causes oxygen deficiency
(c) Absorbs nutrients from the water that causes malnutrition
(d) Releases carbon dioxide in a huge amount which is lethal to fishes
5. Gas released during Bhopal tragedy was (a) methyl isocyanate
(b) potassium isothiocyanate (c) sodium isothiocyanate (d) ethyl isothiocyanate.
6. Which one of the following greenhouse gases contributes about 20% of the global warming?
(a) Methane (b) CFCs
(c) CO2 (d) N2O
7. Knock knee disease occurs due to
(a) hormone imbalance (b) fluorine in water (c) cadmium (d) lead.
8. Which primary air pollutant causes brown air?
(a) Sulphur oxides (d) Freons
(c) Carbon monoxide (d) Nitrogen oxides 9. Polyblend is
(a) a mixture of two different types of plastics (b) a fine powder of recycled modified plastic (c) a blend of plastic and bitumen
(d) none of these.
10. Which of the following isotopes is most dangerous to human beings?
(a) Phosphorus-32 (b) Strontium-90 (c) Barium-137 (d) Iodine-131
True or False
11. Point source of water pollution is caused by discharge of pollutant over a wide area.
12. Smog is opaque or dark fog having condensed water vapours, dust, smoke and gases.
13. Biological oxygen demand is oxygen required for oxidation of a unit mass of reduced organic and inorganic materials.
14. Thickness of ozone is measured in Dobson units (D.U.).
15. Agroforestry is planting of trees over bare area.
16. Good ozone is found in the lower part of the atmosphere called troposphere.
17. Methane Chimneys refer to the places present in Arctic region where methane is coming out of earth’s interior.
18. The process of restoring a forest that once existed but was removed at some point of time in the past is called afforestation.
19. Integrated organic farming is a cyclical, zero waste procedure, where waste products from one process are cycled in as nutrients for next process.
20. Peroxy-acyl nitrates damage chloroplasts, inhibit electron transport system and spoil enzyme system controlling cellular metabolism.
Match The Columns 21. Match Column I with Column II.
Column I Column II
A. Environment (i) 1999 (Protection) Act
B. Air (Prevention and (ii) 1968 Control of Pollution) Act
C. Water (Prevention and (iii) 1986 Control of Pollution) Act
D. Beijing Protocol (iv) 1981 E. Insecticide Act (v) 1974
22. Match Column I with Column II. (There can be more than one match for items in Column I).
Column I Column II A. Carbon monoxide (i) Arresters B. Nitrogen oxides (ii) 7XELIH[
C. Particulate matter (iii) Combustion technique D. Pollution indicator (iv) 'DXFXV
E. Gaseous pollutant (v) Adsorption
technique
23.(A)Complete the given passage with appropriate words or phrases.
Secondary treatment of sewage is known as (i) as the step involves (ii) of fine organic matter present in the effluent.
The decomposing microbial flora is called (iii) . In (iv) the effluent is taken to aeration tanks having some (v)
MTBIOLOGY TODAY|MAY ‘16 39 of previous operation. Effluent is continuously aerated as
well as (vi) . Sewage fungus forms (vii) . BOD (viii) , as it decreases to 10-15% of original sewage, the waste water is taken to large (ix) where (vii) of (iii) settle down.
The (x) can be passed into water bodies which can also be treated further. The organic sediment is passed into (xi) where anaerobic microbes decompose the organic matter as well as aerobic microbes. It is accompanied by liberation of (xii) and formation of manure or compost.
(B) Read the given passage and correct the errors, wherever present.
Heavy metals and persistent pesticides pass into food chain and decrease in amount per unit weight of organisms with rise in trophic level due to their accumulation in fat. The phenomenon is called biofortification. (J 0.003 parts per billion in water, 30 parts per billion or 0.003 ppm in sea gulls, 0.04 ppm in phytoplankton, 0.5 ppm in predator fish, 2.0 ppm in small fish and 25 ppm in zooplankton.
This was discovered when in an island of USA, regular DDT spray for a few years, resulted in drastic decline in the population of fishes which eat phytoplankton.
Assertion & Reason
In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is given and a corresponding statement of Reason (R) is given just below it. Of the statements, mark the correct answer as : (a) if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) if both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
of A
(c) if A is true but R is false (d) if both A and R are false.
24. Assertion : Automobiles fitted with catalytic converter should not use leaded petrol.
Reason : Lead inactivates the catalyst of the converter.
25. Assertion : Peroxy-acyl nitrates damage chloroplasts, inhibit electron transport system and spoil enzyme systems controlling cellular metabolism.
Reason : Peroxy-acyl nitrates are secondary air pollutants.
26. Assertion : Infrasonic vibrations are used in imaging, cleaning, drilling, cutting, welding and sealing.
Reason : Range of infrasonic vibration is 50Hz to 15000 Hz.
27. Assertion : Open landfilling is throwing of waste on uncovered low lying area.
Reason : In open landfilling, the waste is periodically burnt or compressed at intervals to reduce its bulk.
28. Assertion : Waste polyethylene is melted and recast to form new polyethylene.
Reason : Polyethylene made from waste polyethylene is superior polyethylene.
Figure Based Questions
29. Refer to the given graph and answer the following questions.
(a) Identify labelled peak A and B in the given graph.
(b) Mention the effect of given conditions on aquatic life of the river.
(c) Describe the relationship between peak A and peak B in the given graph.
30. The given figure represents the relative contribution of various greenhouse gases to total global warming. Refer to the given figure and answer the following questions.
(a) Identify labelled gases A, B and C with their respective percentage in the given figure.
(b) Which labelled part in the given figure is used as coolant in refrigerator?
(c) Briefly describe the effect of increase in concentration of gases represented in the given figure.
Send your response at [email protected] or post to us with complete address by 25th of every month to win exciting prizes. Winners’ name from October issue
onwards will be declared on 1st of every month on www.mtg.in 1. Make as many biological terms as possible
using the given letters. Each word should contain the letter given in circle.
2. Minimum 4 letter word should be made.
3. In making a word, a letter can be used as many times as it appears in the box.
4. Make at least 1 seven letter word.