1. When you connect computers together, it is known as a LAN (local area network).
2. A server is a computer that provides shared resources. A client is a computer that accesses the shared resources provided by the server. Resources are the parts of the computer you share.
3. The standard model for networks with more than 10 users is a server-based network. It is one in which network functions are provided by a computer that is a dedicated server.
4. For networks with fewer than 10 users, the model is a peer-to-peer network, in which all computers are equal. Each computer can function as either a client or server.
5. A WAN (wide area network) consists of computers that use long-range telecom-munications links to connect the networked computers over long distances.
6. A network interface card (NIC) is required to set up a network.
7. The NIC must match your bus architecture slot as well as the type of cable or wireless system used to connect your network.
8. You must have the proper networking software for your network to work.
9. A simple network has three parts: the hardware, the software, and the network administrator.
10. All computers on a network must use the same protocol. A protocol is a set of rules that allows computers to connect with one another and exchange information.
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11. In a peer-to-peer network, you must name your computer as well as your workgroup. The workgroup name must be identical on all computers in the workgroup.
12. There are two parts to sharing resources: the client and the server. The server has the resource. The client is the computer that wishes to access the resource.
13. When you share devices, any computer on the network can use that device.
14. A firewall is a set of programs, located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a private network from users from other networks.
15. A gateway is a network point that acts as an entrance to another network.
16. Common shared devices include printers, drives, and folders.
17. The computer that has the resource must first share it so that others on the network You must name your shared resource. Others on the network will access it by its shared name.
18. My Network Places is a tool to browse the network.
19. A port is a connection. The parallel port on your computer is called LPT1. Nor-mally, if you physically connect a printer, it shows up on the port called LPT1.
20. Access control is the process of authorizing users, groups, and computers the ability to access objects (files, folders and devices) on the network.
21. If you are using the NTFS file system, you can set permissions and rights on individual files and folders. However, you must first clear the Simple file sharing check box to access these features.
22. Permissions determine which users can access which objects (files and folders and devices) and what kinds of access that user will have to those objects.
23. An administrative share allows administrators to connect the root directory of a drive over the network. It uses syntax of drive letter$, such as D$ or E$.
24. There is a series of commands that begin with net that deal with network man-agement at the command line.
25. Each of these commands use the syntax of net command in which you specify one of the specific net commands substituting the actual command for command.
26. The NET VIEW command displays a list of resources being shared on a computer.
27. Once a drive has been shared, you may assign a drive letter to it. This act is called mapping a drive.
28. The NET USE command is the command line utility that allows you to map drives.
29. A drive alias assigned with the NET USE command may or may not be “persis-tent,” meaning that the connections created may or may not remain in effect after shutting down the computer.
30. You may use the Administrative share to access a drive that is not explicitly shared.
31. You may map a drive using Windows Explorer or My Computer.
32. The Internet is a network of networks. You can use the Internet to use email and access chat lines and forums. You may connect to the World Wide Web.
33. The Web is an interconnected collection of Web sites that holds pages of text and graphics in a form recognized by the Web. These pages are linked to one another and to individual files. The Web is a collection of standards and protocols used to access information on the Internet. Using the Web requires a browser.
34. The Web uses three standards: URL (uniform resource locator), HTML (hypertext markup language), and a method of access such as HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol).
CHAPTER SUMMARY
35. URLs are a standard format for identifying locations on the Internet.
36. A Web site is both the physical and virtual location of a person’s or organization’s Web page(s).
37. A Web page is a single screen of text and graphics that usually has hypertext links to other pages.
38. In order to access the Internet, you need a connection, communication software, and an online provider
39. Online providers includes services such as AOL (America Online) or MSN (Microsoft Network). You may also use an IAP (Internet access provider) or an ISP (Internet service provider).
40. You can connect to the Internet using a phone line, a special phone line (ISDN), DSL, through your cable company, wireless or via satellite.
41. TCP/IP is the protocol of the Internet.
42. Protocols are “bound” to specific Network Interface Cards
43. Each network has a router, which is a device that connects networks. A router can make intelligent decisions on which network to use to send data.
44. TCP protocol divides data into packets and numbers each packet.
45. IP protocol specifies the addresses of the sending and receiving computers and sends the packets on their way.
46. Each computer on the Internet uses TCP/IP and must have a unique IP address.
47. An IP address is made up of four numbers separated by periods. This format is called dotted-decimal notation. Each section is called an octet.
48. IP address space is divided into three major address classes: A, B, and C.
49. Each site attached to the Internet belongs to a domain. A user or organization applies for a domain name so that each domain name is unique.
50. Fully qualified domain names are an alphabetic alias to the IP address.
51. The DNS (domain name system) resolves the domain name into the IP address.
52. When you connect to the Internet, you use the URL of the site to which you wish to connect. If you know the IP address, you may use that as well.
53. Included with TCP/IP is a set of command line utilities that can help you trouble-shoot problems as well as offer you connections to computers not connected to the Web, such as Unix system computers. These tools are as follows:
Command Purpose
arp Displays and modifies the IP to Ethernet translation tables.
FTP Transfers files to and from a node running FTP services.
IPCONFIG Command line utility that displays the IP address and other configuration information
Netstat Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections.
ping Verifies connections to a remote host or hosts.
Route Manually controls network-routing tables.
Telnet Starts terminal emulation with a remote system running a Telnet service.
Tracert Determines the route taken to a destination.
54. If you want help on any of these commands, at the command line you key in the command name, a space, and then /?.
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