Use of EEG and ERP measures in the study of affective development contin- ues to provide a vital source of information to accompany observational and self/parent-reported measures of infant and child behavior. In this chapter, we have attempted to introduce the reader to some of the particular chal- lenges faced by researchers using EEG and ERP measures in the study of
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social and emotional development in infancy and childhood. We have doc- umented a number of salient research findings in this area, mostly drawn from work on EEG frontal asymmetry, EEG power, and certain components of the auditory and visual ERP. The temporal precision of EEG and ERP techniques is unparalleled, and their lack of spatial resolution has not been a major impediment in addressing a variety of research questions in the area of social and emotional development. In addition, with fMRI as a fea- sible tool for examining brain dynamics in older children, the integration of electrophysiological techniques with functional neuroimaging is an exciting possibility for developmental researchers (de Haan & Thomas,2002).
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