Conclusion

Considering the significant overrepresentation of people with mental health needs under community supervision in the U.S. and the tendency for these supervisees to be

disproportionately rearrested (Cloyes et al., 2010; Ostermann & Matejkowski, 2014; Porporino & Motiuk, 1995; Skeem & Eno Louden, 2006), it is imperative for probation and parole agencies to learn how to better serve this population. This is not a new discovery as many studies have illustrated the supervision experience for individuals with SMI (Babchuk et al., 2012; Draine et al., 2002; Epperson et al., 2014; Lurigio et al., 2012). However, few studies (see Gayman, Powell, & Bradley, 2017) have examined the other side of the relationship. Specifically, this study investigated the psychological well-being and subsequent attitudes of officers supervising people with mental health needs. This project revealed that supervising people with SMI can have negative consequences for PPOs’ mental health and that this is partly explained by officers’ work stress. The extent that work stress leads to depressive symptoms among PPOs is largely due to the presence of role conflict and role overload for officers assisting clients with mental health needs. In addition, this project highlighted the potential negative impact that experiencing psychological problems stemming from supervising people with SMI may have on officers’

expectations for supervisee success. Findings demonstrated a decrease in officers’ expectations for the success of clients with SMI as the number of supervisees with SMI on their caseloads increased. In addition, this study revealed a significantly inverse relationship between depressive symptoms and the expectations for client success among officers supervising at least one person with mental illness on their caseload. These findings identify areas for community supervision agencies to address in order to better serve officers and supervisees with SMI.

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