5.1 Conclusion
Energy is very important in our life. There are many areas around the world lack access to electricity. Remote microgrid is a new solution to serve electricity in the remote area. Typically, most of the remote microgrids depend on the fossil fuel. Also, the remote microgrid has renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics, wind power, which can help to reduce the fuel consumption of the generators. Battery plays a
significant role to increase the remote microgrid performance by increasing the utilization of the renewable energy sources.
Most of the research work consider two or three batteries for comparison. Also, most of the literature not considered Tesla battery, a new technology. This rehearse can be a new set for the comparison between the lead acid and lithium-ion battery. One of the strong motivations behind this research is the need to have a cost effective storage
technology to use in remote microgrids. The objective is to study the feasibility of using different batteries for remote microgrids. The main objective is to minimize the
operational cost of the system and prolong the battery lifetime.
There are many types of batteries which can be used in the remote microgrid. Those batteries such as ZBB, AHI, LIB and lead Acid battery can provide a good cost effective solution. This thesis used an optimization techniques to fix the goal programing approach. It uses IBM CEPLX optimization software to solve the problem.
Economic analysis was presented in order to determine the best battery
can provide a better cost effective solution than the AHI, ZBB, Lead acid and lithium ion batteries, based on the total operation cost of approximately $111,010. This battery also has a very high throughput of 38,975 kWh with a 9-year lifetime. While the ZBB and AHI have a higher lifetime of 10 years, their operational cost was higher than Tesla by $6,500 and $4,240 consecutively. The lithium ion battery is not an effective solution for this case of study since its lifetime is low at 5 years. The weights which provide an effective solution for an EMS are different with various battery types. For example, the best weights came from Tesla at W1 =0.6 and the lithium ion battery at W1= 0.7.
Wear cost of the battery is a very important factor in order to design a system. Low wear cost can provide a high amount of battery throughput which affects the EMS by decreasing the fuel consumption, that can reduce the total operation cost, which presented by Tesla battery.
Considering Tesla battery in any microgrid can reduce the operational cost of the system and the fuel consumption but this solution is applicable for small scales or remote microgrids. So, considering Tesla in the large application may have higher impact to the remote microgrids. Because the Tesla can provide 6% more cost effective. So,
5.2. Future Work
This thesis considers only battery as a storage device to work in the EMS. So, considering other energy storage technology such as a flywheel and fuel cell could provide an effective solution of EMS. The future work can be, the impact of different energy storage technology in the remote microgrid system such as flywheel and fuel cell.
Also, this case study did not include the wind turbine in its renewable energy options. Incorporating a wind turbine in a remote microgrid system and determining its impact on the energy storage system would be a useful study to undertake.
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