1.2 ‘Objective Health Outcomes’ and related health indicators
2 Conclusion on the study findings in relation to CSG development
The impact assessment presented in this thesis showed a novel way in which ERHIs of resource development, specifically CSG development, can be examined. The use of this assessment addresses the previously identified lack of comparative studies in the context of UNGD. This allows for the
identification of impacts in each of the study areas and the subsequent comparison of those impacts to the impacts found in the primary environmental setting of CSG. This research represents an important advancement in this field. Use of the ERHI assessment framework, as implemented for this study, need not be limited to investigating CSG impacts, but can also be applied to other situations of environmental health impact, using the strength of comparison between a primary environmental setting and
comparative settings.
Generally, the self-reported health status of residents living in the CSG study area was not worse than the self-reported health status of residents living in the alternative coal mining and rural/agricultural areas; however, CSG area respondents did self-report higher levels of environmental distress for certain measures. Evidence of health impact in the CSG area was discovered for a number of measures when objective health data were examined (i.e., hospitalisation rates), with the strongest observed effects found for ‘All-cause’ hospital admissions for ages and 35-44 year olds and ‘Eye’ disease admissions for all-ages.
This research serves as an important first step towards addressing the ERHIs of CSG development in Queensland, Australia. The ERHI assessment that was conducted for this research uncovered some evidence of health impact associated with CSG development and suggested areas for future research.
More studies are needed to examine the identified impacts further. In particular, more studies are required in which health outcomes are examined in conjunction with relevant confounders, as well as
environmental data using smaller spatial units. This is the first study to date in Australia to examine health impacts of UNGD activity, using subjective and objective measures of physical and mental health.
This study provides evidence on which future research can be based, allowing for further elucidation of possible health impacts of UNGD activity.
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