Conclusions

Sexual minority women who have survived sexual violence experience many of the same problems as sexual majority women with two unique and notable features. Heteronormativity in our culture limits the types of resources necessary for this community and serves as a barrier to accessing currently existing resources. Pervasive cultural stereotypes which tie women’s sexual identity to histories of traumatic experience are demeaning and cause unnecessary stress and hardship in women’s process of identity formation. Further, the toll of simultaneously making meaning of one’s sexual assault experience and same-sex sexuality are currently unknown.

In order to adequately address the needs and experiences of this community, sexual violence intervention and prevention efforts must attend to the unique factors that affect sexual minority women who have survived assault. Services and resources (e.g., therapeutic practices and printed materials) must be critically self-aware of whether their approach assumes that survivors are heterosexual. Three specific recommendations generated from these data for professionals in this line of work are (1) carefully consider pronoun usage in all communication, including print materials, (2) provide relationship and sex therapy services or resources that do not focus solely on heterosexual intercourse, and (3) acknowledge the existence of same- gendered assault, working to develop culturally competent services for this subset of survivors.

While the above three recommendations will assist the field in making strides towards cultural competence, professionals must also keep in mind that just as with any community, there is great variation in sexual minority women’s lives that impact their experiences of sexual

violence. Basic considerations should be made to not exclude survivors from resources post- assault based on their sexuality. When working with survivors individually, variation in age, nationality, religion, geographic location, (dis)ability status and other unique features of her history may provide insights into her specific experience and needs. Professionals within the field of sexual violence should reflect the diversity of this population. Services and service providers who are knowledgeable about, and ideally reflect the values and experiences of their clients may be better positioned to provide the type and quality of care needed.

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APPENDICES

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Appendix A!

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