Control task: syllables
10,8 FUTURE DIRECTIONS
10.9 CONCLUSIONS
It can now be said with some confidence that imaging data has increased our knowledge of the regions involved in certain cognitive functions, and together with connectionist models and neurophysiology, has begun to challenge the predominant views of language and memory processing held until 10 years ago. The data presented in this thesis has confirmed the critical role of the left anterior temporal lobe in semantically based retrieval. I have been able to place this region within the context o f a mainly left- lateralised retrieval system, common to both context-specific and non-context specific memory retrieval. The use of patient studies has allowed us to define the sufficient regions for semantic processing, and to form hypotheses about the specific roles of regions such as the anterior and inferior temporal lobe.
I have also shown that the semantic system is not homogeneous in terms of function. The investigation of category specificity suggested that the more prominent neural distinction relates to type of semantic attribute rather than object domain, and that category specificity may be secondary to the relative weighting o f sensory and functional attributes for individual categories. In terms o f the relationship between semantic memory and episodic memory, my findings support the view that specialisation in the memory retrieval system results from associations between subsets o f regions within a common memory retrieval network, and clarify the patterns of deficit reported in patients with damage to disparate areas within this memory network.
use of new techniques such as voxel-based morphometry will enable more refined investigation into the correlation of structure and function. The functional studies confirm that it is possible to perform activation tasks with patients, provided certain criteria (such as ability to perform the task) are adhered to. A critical finding in relation to this was that changes in activity can occur in regions distant to the structural damage. While further research is required to establish a definitive account of this result, it provides a powerful argument for the importance of functional imaging studies in neuropsychology.
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