CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION
6.3 D EVELOP TOOLS FOR PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Tax credit tool needs to be developed to manage the acts of developers. A higher tax rate should be invented on redevelopment projects with a strategy of demolition in order to discourage the reconstruction. However, the tax credit should be invented to award the real estate developers who are in favor of preservation projects and trying to keep the local communities after the projects.
A National Conference should be held annually with the participants from different stakeholder groups. Nowadays, several conferences, for example, the “Cultural Heritage Preservation Forum”, are held each year to exchange the experiences on urban redevelopment projects among scholars, professionals, and government officers from different regions of China.
These conferences can be used as a great a basis to increase the public participation by inviting
representatives from other stakeholder groups such as real estate developers, local communities, medias, and even the people who are in favor of historic preservation.
Last but not least, it is important to utilize the digital media tools to raise the awareness and strengthen the local community groups. Digital media is developing in a shift speed in China in the last five years. Unlike the traditional media types, the digital media enables the information be released in a quick manner. It may take one night for a piece of news that is wrote by a news reporter to finally debut on the next day’s newspaper, the same thing takes only a few seconds on a news website. Moreover, the popularity of the social media impels the development of digital media to a further level. Instead of the professionals in the media field, nowadays, everyone can publish the information via social media platform and spread it to his connected friends and groups. When the trends come to the statistics, an explosive growth of Weibo (means Microblog), a Chinese version of twitter has been recorded. Since its establishment in 2009, the platform has quickly gained two hundred million users within the last three years.149
With the characters of digital media that are discussed above, it is much harder for the government to censor the public expressions in the Internet than traditional media. Therefore, it provides an excellent platform for weaker stakeholders, such as NGOs or local community groups, to make their voices, especially their protests on social injustice or demolition issues, being heard. Even if the traditional methods, such as appealing the intervention of upper level government, calling for the help from the academia or local media, or filing a case to the court, have been blocked by the local government, there is still another channel in the Internet that can enable the weaker groups to gain supports from the other stakeholders.
149 Lee, C. (2005).
For example, if a great historic district is facing a threat of being demolished, then the appeal of preserving the district has been rejected by the alliance of the government and the real estate developer, the large scale of the protests on the streets by the local residents may still be an unwise action in China. Instead, the local residents can publish the information on the Weibo platform and seek the support from the “Star” microbloggers (usually celebrities) who have a large amount of followers. Once the information have been forwarded by these microbloggers, a domino effect of information spread will be created, which will then attracted the coverage of national media, and then, the attentions of the higher-‐level government. Finally, under the pressure by the media and the higher-‐level government, the local government and real estate developer may finally withdraw their original plans.
A potential problem lies in the lack of capacities and awareness of local communities in utilizing the digital media tools. The alliance with academia and NGOs that is mentioned above should be able to take the responsibilities. Various opportunities exist, including the National Conference of Community Leaders, Community Lectures, special public participation tutorial websites, etc.
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Index
Preservation Planning, 4, 8, 14, 23, 29, 39, 53 Public Participation, 6, 9, 13, 14, 23, 62, 68 Public-‐private Partnership, 10