7. OBJECT-ORIENTED IMPLEMENTATION
7.5 Development of Web Interface
Nigerian legislature has no doubt witnessed a gradual evolution from advisory roles to active partner in governance for the peace, political stability and development of the country. This view is supported by Nwaubani (2014) who noted that the legisla-tive institution in Nigeria evolved from minimal to marginal and to an aclegisla-tive legis-lature. The role of the National Assembly as the primary law making institution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria has had consequences for the political stability and development of the country.
Thus, the National Assembly needs to consolidate on the progress it has made under the Fourth Republic. Indeed, despite the challenges the body has faced from 1999, its contributions to the stability of the current democratic practice is self- evident. It has been assertive despite efforts to undermine it by the executive. Yet, for it to make useful contributions and enjoy the support of Nigerians, the body must purge itself of most vices associated with it and get rid of the label of corrup-tion and percepcorrup-tion of self-serving attached to the institucorrup-tion.
References
Abonyi, N. (2006). Intergovernmental Relations in Democratic Federations. Enugu: John Jacob‟s Classic Publishers Ltd.
Adeniran, D.Z. (2018). Saraki frustrated as disability bill heads back to Conference commit-tee. Orderpaper. Retrieved from https://www.orderpaper.ng/saraki-frustrated-as-disability- bill-heads-back-to-conference-committee/
Adler, M. J. (1996). The Common Sense of Politics. New York: Fordham University Press, Agbakwuru, J. & Erunke, J. (2015, June 5). 123 bills passed in 4 years as 7th senate ends. Vanguard.
Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/06/123-bills-passed-in-4-years-as-7th- senate-ends/amp/
Ajani, J., Agande, B., & Luka, B. (2010, December 4). National Assembly Overhead: When Figures Don’t Lie”. Vanguard.
Akinboye, S. O.& Anifowose, R. (2008). Nigerian Government and Politics. In Anifowose, R. and Enemuo, F. (eds.) Elements of Politics. Lagos: Sam Iroanusi Publications
Akinwumi, O. (2004). Conflicts and Crisis in Nigeria: A Political History since 1960. Munster, Germany: LIT Verlag.
Alabi, M.O.A., & Fasagba, J.Y. (2009). The Legislature and Anti-corruption Crusade under the Fourth Republic of Nigeria: Constitutional Imperatives and Practical Realities. International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 1(1 &2), 1 -39.
Anyaegbunam, E. O. (2012). Law Making and the Enabling Legal Framework in Nigeria: A Critical Overview. NIALS International Journal of Legislative Drafting (NIJLD), 1(1), 54-72 Ball, A. R. (1977). Modern Politics and Government 2nd Edition. London: Macmillan Press Ltd.
Bang, H. & Esmark, A. (2009). Good Governance in Network Society: Reconfiguring the Political from Politics to Policy. Administrative Theory and Praxis, 31(1), 7-37.
Benjamin, S.S. (2010). National Assembly: The Limit of Party politics In Legislative Process.
Nigeria Journal of Legislative Affairs, 3(1& 2), 44-72.
Bereketeab, R. (2011). Rethinking state-building in the Horn of Africa: Challenges of striking a balance between traditional and modern institutions. African Studies, 70(3), 376-392.
Burnell, P. (2003). Legislative-Executive Relations in Zambia: Parliamentary Reform on the Agenda. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 21(1), 47-68.
Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (CFRN). (1999).
Dudley, B. (1982), An Introduction to Nigerian Government and Politics. London: Macmillan Press Ltd.
Dunmoye, A. R. (2002). Resource Control: which way forward? The Nigerian Social Scientists, 5(1), 49-52.
Edosa, E., & Azelama, J. (1995). Institutions of Government. In A. O. Ikelegbe (Eds.), Politics and Government: An Introductory and Comparative Perspective (pp. 35-55). Benin City: Uri Publishing Ltd.
Egwu, S. G. (2005). The Legislature in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. In Gana, A. T. and Yakubu, B. C. (Eds), Democratic Rebirth in Nigeria. Vol. 1:1999 – 2003. New Jersey: AfricaRUs Multimedia. pp: 19-40.
Ehwarieme, W. (2010). Politics and the Competitiveness of the Nigerian Economy. Journal of Social Science. 23(1): 39-44.
Fashagba, J. Y. (2010). De-Constitutionalising? Democratic Governance in Nigeria: Assessing Executive-Legislative Handling of Executive Power Vacuum in the Fourth Republic. Africana.
4(1), 7 -43
Fashagba, J.Y. (2009). Legislative Oversight under the Nigerian Presidential System. The Journal of Legislative Studies, 15(4), 439-459.
FGN (2017). The 7th National Assembly (2011 – 2015). Retrieved on November 21, 2018 from http://senatepresident.gov.ng/the-senate/7th-national-assembly-2011-2015/
Gill, M. (2002). Building Effective Approaches to Governance. The Nonprofit Quarterly, 9(2), 46-49.
Heywood, A. (2007). Politics (3rd Edition). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Iroanusi, Q. (2018). Buhari rejects four bills passed by national assembly: Gives reasons. July 17the 2018. Retrieved from https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/276766-buhari-rejects-four-bills-passed-by-national-assembly-gives-reasons.html
Jones, M. P. (2002). Legislator Behaviour and Executive-Legislative Relations in Latin America.
Latin American Research Review, 37(3), 176-188.
Joshua, S., & Oni, S. (2014). The Nigerian House of Representatives and War Against Corruption, (1999-2011). Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Italy 5(2), 561-567.
Juergensmeyer, J.C. (1964). African Presidentialism: A Comparison of the "Executive" under the Constitutions of the Federation of Nigeria, the Federal Republics of the Congo and Cameroon, and the Republics of Ghana, Chad, Congo and the Entente. Journal of African Law, 8(3), 157-177.
Kadende-Kaiser, R. M., & Kaiser, P. J. (2003). Phases of Conflict in Africa. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 38(2-3), 150-161.
Kousoulas, G. D. (1975). On Government and Politics. Belmont: Duxbury Press.
Lafenwa, S. A. (2009). The Legislature and the Challenges of Democractic Governance in Africa:
The Nigerian Case. A seminar paper delivered at a conference on Governance and Development on Democratization in Africa: Retrospective and Future, Prospects, held on December 4-5, at University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
Laski, H. J. (1992). A Grammar of Politics. London: George Allen and Unwin.
Lewis, P. M. (2011). Nigeria Country Report. Cape Town: University of Cape Town Centre for Social Science Report.
Magill, E. M. (2001). Beyond Powers and Branches in Separation of Powers Law. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 150(2), 608-11.
Mahajan, V. B. (2012). Political Theory: principles of political science. 4th edition: New Delhi, L-chad and company Ltd.
Mbah, P. (2007) Executive-Legislative Relations in Nigeria: The Presidency and the National Assembly, 1999-2006. Nigeria Journal of Social Sciences. Vol. 1.
National Assembly Statistical Information, 2009, Vol 3, A publication of Library, Research and Statistics Department/Policy Analysis and Research Project (PARP), National Assembly, Abuja-Nigeria
News Express (2015, May 16). Performance of the outgoing national assembly disastrous- Intersociety Highlights challenges before the Eight Assembly. Retrieved on November 21, 2018 from https://www.newsexpressngr.com/news/detail.php?news=11468&title=Performance-of- the-outgoing-National-Assembly-disastrous-Intersociety-Highlights-challenges-before-the-Eight-Assembly
Nijzink, L., Mozaffar, S. & Azevedo, E. (2006). Parliaments and the Enhancement of Democracy on the African continent: An Analysis of Institutional Capacity and Public Perceptions. The Journals of Legislative Studies, 12, 3-4.
Nwabueze, B. O. (1982). The Presidential Constitution of Nigeria. London: C. Hurst & Company.
Nwagwu, E.J. (2014). Legislative Oversight in Nigeria: a Watchdog or a Hunting Dog? Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, 22(1), 16-24.
Nwalonue, E.E. and Ojukwu, N. (2012). Legislative Efficiency and Democratic Stability in the Fourth Republic Governance and Politics of Nigeria: A Reappraisal of National Assembly.
Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 1(9).
Nwaubani, O. O. (2014). The Legislature and Democracy in Nigeria (1960-2003): History, Constitutional Role and Prospects. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(15), 81 -90.
Ogunmupe, B., & Phillips, A. (2002). Death of Electoral Act. Newswatch.
Ojo, J. D. (1998). The Executive under the Nigerian Presidential System, 1960 – 1995. In Amuwo, K, Agbaje, A Suberu, R. & Herault, G. (Eds.), Federalism and Political Restructuring in Nigeria (pp. 299- 315). Ibadan: Spectrum Books Ltd.
Okigbo, P. O. & Oyeka, M. (2012). Managing the Size of Nigeria’s National Assembly. Abuja:
Nextier Limited.
Okoosi-Simbine, A. T. (2010). Understanding the Role of the Legislature in the Fourth Republic:
The Case of Oyo State House of Assembly. Nigeria Journal of Legislative Affairs, 3(1 & 2).
Omoweh, D. A. (2006). The Parliament and the Crisis of Democratization in Nigeria. Dakar, Senegal: CODESRIA Democratic Institute.
Oni, A.A., Ayo, C.K., Oni, S., & Mbarika, V.W. (2016). Strategic framework for e-democracy development and sustainability. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 10(3), 457 – 477.
Oni, S. (2013). The Legislature and Constituency Representation in the Fourth Republic of Nigeria’s Democratic Governance. Ife Psychologia - International Journal of Psychology in Africa, 21 (2), 232-241.
Oni, S. (2014). Governance and Legislature-Executive Relations at the State Government level of Nigeria’s Presidential System. Politické vedy. Roč. 17, č. 4, s.142-156. Journal of Faculty of Political Sciences and International Relations, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia.
Oni, S., & Joshua, S. (2014). The Legislature and Representative Democracy in the Local Government System of Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (JSDA), 16(2), 115-129.
Onyedi, O. (2018, September 3). Buhari turns down nine bills passed by national assembly. Retrieved from http://thenationonlineng.net/buhari-turns-down-nine-bills-passed-by-national-assembly/
Osaghae, E.E. (2002). Crippled Giant: Nigeria since Independence. Ibadan: John Archers Publishers Limited
Oyediran, O. (2007). Nigerian Constitutional Development. Ibadan: Oyediran Consults International.
Poteete, A. R. (2010). Renegotiation of Executive Powers and Executive-Legislative Relations in Botswana. Montreal: Concordia University Press.
Ray, S. N. (2004). Modern Comparative Politics: Approaches, Methods and Uses. New Delhi:
Prentice-Hall Private Ltd.
Sagay, I. (2010). Legislating for the common good: Contemporary issues and perspectives.
Vanguard Newspapers. July 27th.
Sanusi, L.S. (2010). Growth prospects for the Nigerian economy. Convocation lecture at the Igbinedion University Eighth Convocation Ceremony, Okada, Edo State, 26 November.
Suberu, R. (1988). Federalism and Nigeria’s Political Future: A Comment. African Affairs, 87(348), 431-439.
Thomas, M. A. & Sissokho, O. (2005). Liaison Legislature: The Role of the National Assembly in Senegal. Journal of African Modern Studies, 43(1), 97-117.
Uche, E. (2011). 6th Senate Passed 91 Bills in Four Years. The Nigerian Voice. Retrieved from https://thenigerianvoice.com/news/53079/6th-senate-passed-91-bills-in-four-years.html on the 21st of November 2018.
Ugwuanyi, S. (June 3, 2015). 7th national assembly: low output despite huge cost to country. Retrieved on November 21, 2018 from http://dailypost.ng/2015/06/03/7th-national-assembly-low-output- despite-huge-cost-to-country/
Umeagbalasi, E. (2015). Challenges of Legislative Intellectualism Before The Eight National Assembly Of Nigeria. https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/sports/179835/challenges-of-legisla-tive-intellectualism-before-the-eight-national-assembly-of-nigeria.html
Umoru, H. (2018, July 8). Buhari govt sent 12 bills to national assembly in 3 years. https://www.
vanguardngr.com/2018/07/buhari-govt-sent-12-bills-to-national-assembly-in-3-years/
33
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
J. Y. Fashagba et al. (eds.), The Nigerian National Assembly, Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11905-8_3