Outcomes 1 & 2:
social relationships &
knowledge and skills
How does the child
relate/interact with others during
conversations?
In what ways does the child show he understands what others are saying?
II.A.1.
Child shows understanding [of what is said by others]
by responding appropriately.
The 48 month old child:
responds appropriately to statements or questions involving regular plurals (48-54 mo).
responds
appropriately – not necessarily correctly, to “how far” questions (48-54 mo).
points to common objects according to function based on verbal cues (48 mo).
The 36 month old child:
sorts by named category (42-48 mo).
comprehends approximately 1500-2000 words (42-48 mo).
answers “how much”
and “how long”
(length of time) questions – not
Understands position words (e.g., in, on top of, on, under) (33-36 mo)
Understands questions about why and how things function (33-36 mo)
Responds correctly and non-verbally to a stated question (32-38 mo)
Comprehends approximately 900 words (30 -36 mo)
Understands sentences with 2 or more ideas (30-36 mo)
Points to pictures of common objects described by their use (e.g., “Show me what you eat with.”) (30-36 mo)
Repeats finger play with words and actions (24-30 mo)
Comprehends approximately 500 words (24-30 mo)
Answers where questions by pointing (24-30 mo) Listens to and enjoys simple stories
Understands action words (24 mo)
Understands more than 300
The teacher:
engages in authentic conversations with children about their interests and experiences.
plans opportunities for active learning through experiences that build language and vocabulary, and thus enhance comprehension.
supports comprehension of storybooks that are read aloud through visual representations (e.g., props, illustrations in big books, acting out episodes or scenes from the story, etc.).
engages children in conversations about storybooks that enhance understanding of the words in the stories and the stories themselves.
II. LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION DOMAIN
Early Childhood Outcome and Guiding Questions
End of
Prekindergarten Year Outcomes
Developmental Continuum
(48 and 36 months)Foundational Skills
(may lead to age appropriate functioning)Differentiation of Instruction for Children with Learning Differences
necessarily correctly (42 -48 mo).
answers simple questions regarding physical need (36-48 mo).
provides objects as they are requested (36-44 mo).
responds to yes/no questions with appropriate words or gestures (36-42 mo).
comprehends approximately 1200 words (36-42 mo).
understands
descriptive words (36 mo).
understands why questions (36 mo).
answers simple who, where, how many, what doing questions (36 mo).
words (24 mo)
Understands words used to inhibit actions (e.g., wait, stop, get down, my turn) (21-24 mo)
Uses direction of speaker’s gaze to infer the referent of a word (21 mo)
Understands some emotion words (e.g., happy, sad, mad) (21 mo) Understands some pronouns (e.g., my/mine, you, me) (21 mo) Responds to what questions (21 mo)
Outcome 2:
knowledge and skills
How does the child respond to directions and requests from others?
How does the child respond to multi-step directions?
II.A.2.
Child shows understanding by following two-step oral directions and usually follows three-step directions.
The 48 month old child:
follows two 3-step commands in exact order (60-72 mo).
carries out 4 simple related successive commands in order (50-58 mo).
follows 3-step instructions in sequence involving 2-3 different objects
Follows 3 step directions (30-36 mo)
Follows 2-step related directions (30 mo)
Follows single-step directions (18 mo)
Follows simple directions with cues (e.g., “Give me the ball,”
“Get the shoes,” “Show me”) (15 mo)
The teacher:
instructs children in expectations for daily routines, such as arrival, setting the table for snack time, going to centers, going outside and to the restroom by giving two- and three-step directions (e.g., “Please put your things away and then sit down on the carpet.”).
provides two- and three-step directions for children to complete specific tasks during transitions (e.g., clean up, get a book to read, and sit on the carpet).
uses visual representations of directions or
Early Childhood Outcome and Guiding Questions
End of
Prekindergarten Year Outcomes
Developmental Continuum
(48 and 36 months)Foundational Skills
(may lead to age appropriate functioning)Differentiation of Instruction for Children with Learning Differences
(48-54 mo).
The 36 month old child:
follows 2-step commands involving sequence (42-48 mo).
responds to 3
commands (e.g., “Pick up the spoon, put it in the cup, and bring it to me.”) (42-48 mo).
follows 2-3 step unrelated instructions (42 mo).
carries out 3 simple related successive commands in order (36-48 mo).
responds to 2 simple unrelated commands (e.g., “Put your cup on the table and bring me your sweater.”) (36-46 mo).
multi-step daily routines to help children understand, remember, and follow them (e.g., what to do upon arrival to the classroom each morning, steps for hand washing, etc.).
plays or sings songs requiring children to act out multiple behaviors and multi-step directions (“Hokey, Pokey”, “If You’re Happy and You Know It”).
Outcome 2:
knowledge and skills
How does the child who is learning English (ELL) respond when spoken to in English?
II.A.3.
Child shows understanding of the new language being spoken by English-speaking teachers and peers (ELL).
The child:
follows a set of routines for activities and can make sense of what is happening.
responds to consistent and simplified language when
instructed in literacy activities and assignments.
responds to questions by using thumbs-up thumbs-down to represent answers.
The teacher:
provides scaffolds in how to use strategies, skills, and concepts.
adjusts own use of English to make concepts comprehensible.
accepts responses in child’s native language.
selects and incorporates children's responses, ideas, examples, and experiences into lesson.
always gives children think time before asking for a response.
ensures quality of independent practice.
asks questions to ensure comprehension.
provides extra instruction, practice, and review as needed.
Early Childhood Outcome and Guiding Questions
End of
Prekindergarten Year Outcomes
Developmental Continuum
(48 and 36 months)Foundational Skills
(may lead to age appropriate functioning)Differentiation of Instruction for Children with Learning Differences
maintains close proximity to children.
uses the child’s home language as base to support the development of English oral language (in Bilingual and ESL programs).
allows children to respond in their home language (in Bilingual/ESL instructional settings).
provides and reads culturally relevant books for children.