The key to successful immunotherapy of any disease is achieving the appropriate balance between activation and suppression of the immune system. The important of this balance can be demonstrated using two disease models, in which opposite effects are desired. In graft-versus- host disease, we must increase immunosuppression enough to prevent GvHD, without sacrificing the GvL effect. In cancer treatment, we must increase immunoactivation while simultaneously decreasing tumor-mediated immunosuppression. In both diseases, this can be achieved by altering cell migration, but the target of the alteration is cell-specific and dichotomous. In order to study these differences, we evaluated three projects related to effective immunotherapy. In the first, we evaluated the kinetics of effector T cell and Treg cell activation in secondary lymphoid
tissue following allogeneic HSCT. In the second, we attempted to decrease effector cell migration from secondary lymphoid tissue to target organs following HSCT by targeting the actin cytoskeleton machinery. In the third, we attempted to decrease migration to and activity of Treg cells in the tumor site in order to promote anti-tumor immunity.
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