THE EXAMPLE - CO-SHARED ONTOLOGY AS A CORE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES INTEGRATING SYSTEMS

CO-SHARED ONTOLOGY AS A CORE OF INFORMATION RESOURCES INTEGRATING SYSTEMS

4. THE EXAMPLE

In the exemplifying solution the conceptual project of the ontology was de- signed (fig. 5). The following decisions were taken:

• the ontology consists of five connected concepts,

• the attributes that may be used for definition of select and project operations are illustrated as ellipses; the double line ellipse specifies attributes that may be used for formulation of select condition by the choice of suggested values,

• remaining attributes, enabling only the definition of project operation, are put in a rectangle representing a concept, under the concept’s name.

Figure 5. A conceptual project of the ontology.Source: own preparation. <validation> { <validation_name> "value_1" ... "value_n" </validation_name> } </validation> having having being field paper start academic title year_of_ publication surname author_ surname author_ name degree person name tax_id date_of_birth date_of_employment experience education

while creating logical condition it is possible to choose many values while creating logical condition it is possible to choose only one value

Next, according to the conceptual project (fig. 5), the structure of the ontology of the system in XML language was defined (figs 6, 7, 8).

Figure 6. The <concepts> section of the ontology (fig. 5).Source: own preparation.

The ontology, as in an established framework (figs 2, 3, 4) , consists of three sections. In the first one, <concepts>, all concepts and connections between them have been defined (fig. 6). There are two main concepts: <paper> and <person> and three concepts connected with the <person>: <academic>, <experience> and <education>. The second section (fig. 7) illustrates attributes description. For the <person> concept it is divided into two parts: <where_clause> and <others>, for the rest only <where_clause> exists. Appearing twice the <field> attribute is of

validation="field_list" type and has a parameter where="multiple". A type field_list

was defined in <validation> section and actually it consists of four values (econ-

omy, history, management, IT). The where="multiple" parameter means that, when

formulating queries, during the definition of a project clause a user may choose any number of field_list elements and simple logical clauses created this way will be connected by OR operator. Similar situation exists in the case of the <degree> attribute of the <academic> concept. For this attribute in <validation> section the

degree_list was defined. <concepts>

<paper category="hermetic"

info="All academic papers" />

<person category="open"

info="Information about all people"> <academic category="open"

info="People who are academics" predicate="being"

<experience category="open"

info="People having experience on specified field"

predicate="having" />

<education category="open"

info="People educated on specified field" predicate="having"

/> </person> </concepts>

Figure 7. The <attributes> section of the ontology (fig. 5).Source: own preparation.

Figure 8. The <validation> section of the ontology (fig. 5).Source: own preparation. <attributes> <paper> <where_clause> <title type="string"/> <author_name type="string"/> <author_surname type="string"/> <year_of_publication type="year_type"/>

</academic> <experience>

<where_clause>

</experience> <education>

<where_clause>

</education> </attributes>

"economy" "history" "management" "IT" </field_list>

<degree_list>

"master" "doctor" "assistant professor" "full professor" </degree_list>

Own data types have been defined by using XML-Schema (fig. 9). For the <year_of_publication> element an integer type named year_type was defined with the scope between 1900 and 2100. Because a list of fields (field_list) and academic degrees (degree_list) are sets of values, the list_type type was defined. It was indicated that field_list and degree_list are of list_type type. The available values list for these parameters were defined in the <validation> section of XML file containing the description of the ontology. To sum up, defining logical clause for the <paper> concept users may establish <title>, <surname> and <name> as texts, <year_of_publication> as integer between 1900 and 2100 and any set of values for the <field> attribute − the set is defined in the <validation> section of the ontology.

Figure 9. XML/S for attributes placed in the ontology (fig. 7). Source: own preparation. 5. CONCLUSION

Traditional integrating systems based on central databases are not appropriate for integration of dynamic network structures. So, it is necessary to search for al- ternative solutions. Among them there are information resources management systems based on dynamically modified ontologies, comprising metainformation about co-shared data and information. However, such solutions are more compli- cated as far as technological aspects are concerned. So, when embarking on designing such a system it is necessary to solve a considerable number of problems, such as: a system architecture elaboration, a query language definition, the design of modules fulfilling complex task of information resources searching and integration. In this paper a system integrating various information resources was proposed. Its architecture was discussed, the structure of co-shared ontology was characterised and the example of using the ontology was talked over. The elaboration of instruc- tions concerning the problem of design and exploitation of remaining elements of the proposed system will enable designing of flexible and scalable solutions which will contribute to various information resources co-shearing in distributed and dy-

<xs:simpleType name="year_type"> <xs:restriction base="xs:integer"> <xs:minInclusive value="1900"/> <xs:maxInclusive value="2100"/> <xs:pattern value="\d{4}"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType>

<xs:element name="field_list" type="list_type"> <xs:element name="degree_list" type="list_type"> <xs:simpleType name="list_type">

<xs:list itemType="xs:string"/> </xs:simpleType>

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