The ERP is divided into key sections, or panels, as shown in Table G.1.
(i) 'Strategy' heading
The 'Strategy' heading should be a broad series of statements intended as guidance on what actions should be taken during the first 15-20 min. to either minimise or control the consequences from an incident.
The strategy is taken from the incident scenario worksheets, which are also used to determine for the incident numbers of fire vehicles and other mobile equipment, fire-fighting water flows, fire systems applications, water and foam monitors, hose, foam concentrate and staffing, etc.
It should be recognised that it will not always be possible or desirable to list every action necessary for successful control or elimination of any incident.
Therefore, the responders, using dynamic risk assessment (see section 8.9.2), may determine at any time that a
change in strategy or tactics is required due to changing conditions or circumstances.
(ii) 'Immediately' heading
The 'Immediately' heading is intended for the immediate personnel to carry out initial procedures identified in the emergency procedures such as personnel alerting, evacuation and assessment related tasks, together with the equipment and resources required unless these are obvious.
(iii) '2nd response' heading
The '2nd response' heading is intended primarily for an occupational fire brigade (if any), although further operator actions may also be listed. The text here should usually set out the tactics/actions for minimising escalation potential or controlling or extinguishing the incident, together with the minimum equipment and resources necessary to do so.
(iv) '3rd response' heading
A '3rd response' heading may also be included; this is intended primarily for the FRS or other 3rd party response group. The text here will usually be the recommended tactics/actions for continuing the control or extinguishment, or in some cases, the evacuation of personnel at an incident.
Recognising that escalation can occur or may occur very early into the incident, the ERPs should make reference to other plans that may be used when or if this happens. Responders should be reminded in the ERP of the existence of such plans, thus ensuring a rapid and early provision of such documents.
(v) 'Ongoing potential hazards' heading
The 'Ongoing potential hazards' heading may be used for any known hazards or hazardous events that may occur as a result of the incident. Information under this heading may include personnel exposure hazards, explosion potential, escalation hazards, gas migration hazards, etc.
(vi) 'Other issues' heading
The 'Other issues' heading contains information on any other identified issues such as offsite considerations, incident control cautions, resource issues or other incident-specific concerns which have been noted during the course of the incident scenario evaluation work. This assists responders by prompting early consideration or an early decision without having to wait for, or seek, information.
(vii) 'Equipment and resources' headings
A scenario analysis of credible major incidents should be carried out for the petroleum installation. This analysis should include the likely resources required to deal with the incident in terms of fire vehicles, fire hose, staffing, water and foam monitors, foam concentrate quantities, etc.
Resources stated on ERPs should be the minimum required and should be agreed with responders. This analysis may lead to identification of equipment or resource shortfalls not previously noted.
A typical scenario worksheet is shown in Figure G.2 and indicates the levels of analysis that may be used in developing the ERPs.
Table G.1: Example text aspect of site-specific ERP
Emergency response plan for Description of the type of fire or emergency anticipated
Strategy The fire control (fire-fighting) strategy which states the overall objectives to prevent escalation and bring the incident under control
Immediately Actions Equipment Resources Comments
Usually control room or site personnel who will alert, shutdown and evacuate etc.
Logical step-by-step actions which are required according to the fire type and location. Typically, alarm, evacuation, isolation, shut down, informing etc.
What equipment required to carry out the actions.
Valves or devices to isolate.
Any specific resources not previously mentioned or personnel who will need to react immediately.
As required.
1st response Actions Equipment Resources Comments
May be site personnel who will use portable fire equipment or fixed fire systems. If no personnel available for this, the 1st response would be occupational fire brigade.
Logical step-by-step actions necessary to isolate the fuel, or carry out initial fire control actions.
Valves or devices to isolate. demand for the fire.
Fire hose/nozzles required. The number of hose will be based on the hydrant locations and fire vehicles used. The fire vehicles from the FRS and their personnel.
As required.
2nd response Actions Equipment Resources Comments
Usually the
supporting fire group or FRS. Site personnel may be required to do other tasks at this stage.
Logical step-by-step demand for the fire.
The fire vehicles from the FRS and their personnel.
Foam applied at pertinent application rate etc.
Ongoing potential hazards
Any known hazards that will be present because of the anticipated fire either from flame impingement or radiated or conducted heat. Also consider any explosion possibility.
Other issues
Any other issues, e.g. personnel safety, gas releases, public exposure etc.
Figure G.1: Example fire map aspect of site-specific ERP
Figure G.2: Example scenario worksheets
22 23
FH
FH
FH
FH
FH
FH
FH
FH Water
tank
Skid Offshore Stage Pump
house
Sludge Pit A
North
This fire map is provided for guidance only and should not be regarded as a definitive map of any fire that may occur. Radiation contours as at top of tank.
6 kW/m Contour
Flame drag contour Tank full surface fire area 12 kW/m Contour
Rev Date Description By
Title
Tank Full surface fire DRG BT/T21 F.S.F Do not scale FH
Pits
2
21
2Scenario Worksheet 1
SCENARIO CONSEQUENCES
Immediate Life safety Environment Business interruption Asset loss
Escalation time estimates
Life safety Environment
Business interruption/deferment Reputation
Post escalation
EXISTING FEHM Detection Process control Mitigation Containment Drainage Passive protection Active protection Fixed systems FIRE FIGHTING STRATEGY FIRE FIGHTING TACTICS
RESOURCES FOR STRATEGY
Drainage Containment
Fire response group resources Procedures
Vehicles Staffing Hose Monitors Special equipment Extinguishing agent
Firewater flow (portable equipment) Total firewater flow
Process Fire and gas Alarm system Response group Passive protection Active protection Detection
Non-response group resources
Total water quantity
Scenario Worksheet 2
Firewater flow (fixed systems)