• It could be noticed that the bottom chord for the half truss at the middle must be shortened.
• An alternative to the trim command is the reshape command
• To implement reshape, do the following
1. Go to the gridline where the half truss is present.
2. Go to Draw Menu > Set Reshape Element Mode 3. Click anywhere on the member except the end
nodes.
1 2
3
SAP2000:
Extra: Reshape Command
• To implement reshape, do the following
4. The member would now look like as per below 5. Drag the end of the member that needs to be
moved to the desired spot.
6. The member has been edited!
• Why reshape (rather than delete then redraw)?
Important member assignments might be lost if we delete then redraw!
4 5
Desired Spot
6
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Complete the 3D Model
1. Don’t forget to put a pin support on the currently unsupported end of the half-truss!
• Complete the 3D Model
1. Complete this truss using the XZ view in the plane shown on next slide.
7.5m
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Complete the 3D Model
1. Use Auto-2L for the top and bottom chord and auto-L for the web members.
2. Also use 10 divisions for the panels for 8.5m long truss (replicate 9 times the nearest vertical
member by dx = -0.75m. Assign sections then trim!)
3. Use commands learned earlier!
• Half Truss now drawn!
7.5m
Don’t forget the pin support!
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• To draw the 45degree half-truss, we must draw in 3d mode!
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss 1. Go to 3d view
2. Zoom window on the desired spot.
3. Draw an “Auto-2L” member on the joints indicated.
Desired spot 2
Note that these are grid point intersections 3
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss
4. When drawing in 3d mode, the user must always be cautious because the ends of any member may snap to an erroneous node.
5. The top and bottom chord members are now drawn!
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss
1. To do the web members without dividing the top and bottom chord, we must use the extrude points to line command.
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss. For drawing web member:
1. Go the the yz view of the truss shown below.
2. Select the nodes on the top chord on the side of the 45 degree truss
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss. For drawing web member:
3. Go to Edit Menu > Extrude > Extrude Points to Frames.
4. Choose any property and input dx = - 10, dy and dz = 0 and number = 1.
3 We could now see the extruded
lines!
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss. For drawing web member:
5. Since the new lines intersect with the top chord of the 45 degree truss, they could now be trimmed!
6. Select all generated lines and the end to be
trimmed and select the top chord of the 45 degree truss
7. Execute the trim command
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss. For drawing web member:
8. Now we have key points at the bottom chord. Use the same extrude to frame command to draw the verticals!
9. Choose the top chord nodes of the 45 degree truss and Use dy = -4, dx and dz = 0 and number = 1
9
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss. For drawing web member:
10. Now trim the verticals using the bottom chord!
Use the arrow keys to rotate the 3d view and get a good view. Don’t forget to assign section property
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss. For drawing web member:
12. Remove the guide members previously drawn to remove the clutter
13. Now we can draw diagonals using standard
drawing tools. Use Auto-L for the section. Always be careful when drawing in 3d mode!
12 13
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss. For drawing web member:
12. Remove the guide members previously drawn to remove the clutter
13. Now we can draw diagonals using standard
drawing tools. Use Auto-L for the section. Always be careful when drawing in 3d mode!
• Do the following for the 45 degree truss. For drawing web member:
14. The same procedures can be used to draw to smaller half-trusses
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• The trusses below can now be replicated using the mirror command with respect to the x-z plane.
Please note of the constants used below.
• Note that the selection of the 45 degree truss and the smaller half-trusses will be a challenge.
• And of course, don’t forget the pinned supports!
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
1. The 2L-2x2x1/4 member bracing the bottom chord.
2. Purlins
3. Roof area elements
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
1. The 2L-2x2x1/4 member bracing the bottom chord.
1. Go to the x-z view of the middle grid 2. Draw frames using 2L2x2x1/4 member
1
2
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
2. Purlins
1. Define a 150x50x20x1.6 cold formed section as per below
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
2. Purlins
2. Go to the y-z view of the middle bay and use extrude points to frames by using the top chord points and using section = C150x50x20x1.6
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
2. Purlins
3. Trim the purlins using the top chord of the 45 degree truss
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
2. Purlins
4. Do the same method for the other purlins. (You can also use mirror command for the upper purlins)
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
1. The roof area elements are convenient for easy application of area loads from dead, live and wind.
2. The roof element may represent the stiffness
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define an area roof element
a) Go to Define Menu > Section Properties > Area Sections
b) Click Add New Section
a
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements 4. Let us define and draw
an area roof element c) Enter the options
shown on the figure on the right
d) Click “set modifiers”
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define and draw an area roof element
e) Draw the first area element. Go to Draw Menu > Draw Poly Area
f) Click the 4 joints indicated below in a
counterclockwise manner for our first poly area.
f1
f2 f3
f4
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define and draw an area roof element
e) Draw the first area element. Go to Draw Menu > Draw Poly Area
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define and draw an area roof element
g) The area has now been drawn. We need to divide this area so that it is “connected” to the purlins. But before this let us rotate the local axis.
h) Select the area: To select it, click anywhere on its middle part without clicking any frame members.
h A dashed line
indicates area selection
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define and draw an area roof element i) Turn on the local axis of the area by doing the
following.
a) Go to View Menu > Set Display Options
b) Check the “local Axes” option under “Areas” and click ok
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define an area roof element
i) Turn on the local axis of the area by doing the following.
c) Now we will see the local axis of the area we just drawn.
Note that when we apply a one-way load, the load will go in the direction of the red arrow. Since the direction of the load must be towards the purlins, we need to rotate the axis of this area by 90 degrees!
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define an area roof element
i) Turn on the local axis of the area by doing the following.
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define an area roof element
j) Now we are ready to divide the area element. Select the element and the purlins that will divide it.
k) Go to Edit Menu > Edit Areas> Divide Areas
SAP2000:
Completing the 3D Model
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define an area roof element
l) Choose the option shown below and click ok.
• Now let us draw these remaining items.
3. Roof area elements
4. Let us define an area roof element
l) Doing the same for all and the roof elements are complete