The development and documentation of Arc Flash Hazard Analysis reports ideally should be consistent across Reclamation facilities. [The report must contain the elements identified in IEEE Standard 1584. If an outside contractor is hired to perform the analysis, the specification for the contract must identify the elements that should be addressed in the report. IEEE 1584.1-2013, IEEE Guide for the Specification of Scope and Deliverable Requirements for an Arc-Flash Hazard Calculation Study in Accordance with IEEE Std 1584, must be referenced when developing the specification for work to be performed.]
[The specification must include the minimum elements for the Arc Flash Hazard Analysis Report as identified in IEEE 1584.1-2013 Sect. 10. The specification must also contain the requirements to mitigate the hazards to meet Reclamation’s personnel exposure goals as identified in this FIST and in accordance with the mitigation techniques identified in ANSI/AIHA Z-10.]
[The recommendations from the Arc Flash Hazard Analysis Report must be entered into the applicable recommendation tracking system. When the analysis is performed by non-Reclamation personnel, the recommendations for the Power Program must be evaluated and aligned to the requirements established by FAC 04-02 and entered into the applicable recommendation tracking system.]
Appendix A – References
Industry Standards
29 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) 1910.147, The Control of Hazardous Energy Sources (Lockout/Tagout).
29 CFR 1910.269 (l) (6), Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z10, American National Standard for Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems.
ANSI Z87.1, Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection Devices.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International F1506-08, Standard Performance Specification for Flame Resistant Textile Materials for Wearing Apparel for Use by Electrical Workers Exposed to Momentary Electric Arc and Related Thermal Hazards.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standard 1584A, Guide for Performing Arc Flash Calculations.
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 70, National Electric Code.
NFPA 70B, Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment Maintenance.
NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration Standards 29 CFR, Part 1910.333.
IEEE 1584.1-2013, IEEE Guide for the Specification of Scope and Deliverable Requirements for an Arc-Flash Hazard Calculation Study in Accordance with IEEE Std 1584.
IEEE 1584, Guide for Performing Arc Flash Hazard Calculations.
Reclamation Standards
Reclamation Safety and Health Standards.
FIST 1-1, Hazardous Energy Control Program.
FIST 5-1, Personal Protective Grounding for Electric Power Facilities and Power Lines.
Appendix B – Definitions
Approved. Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.
Arc Flash Hazard. A dangerous condition associated with the possible release of energy caused by an electric arc.
Informational Note No. 1: An arc flash hazard may exist when energized electrical conductors or circuit parts are exposed or even when they are guarded or enclosed within equipment, provided a person is interacting with the equipment in such a manner that could cause an electric arc. Under normal operating conditions, enclosed energized equipment that has been properly installed and maintained is not likely to pose an arc flash hazard.
Informational Note No. 2: See NFPA 70E Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a)and Appendix E for examples of activities that could pose an arc flash hazard.
Arc Flash Hazard Analysis Report. A report performed for a specific facility, which will likely contain the following information: General Arc Flash Hazard Background and Information, Recommendations, Study Methodology, Incident Energy Analysis, Arc Flash Hazard Results, Protective Device
Coordination, Equipment Duty Evaluation, and Arc Flash Labeling Guide Arc Flash Suit. A complete arc-rated clothing and equipment system that covers
the entire body, except for the hands and feet.
Informational Note: An arc flash suit may include pants or overalls, a jacket or a coverall, and a beekeeper-type hood fitted with a face shield.
Arc Rating. The value, attributed to materials, which describes their
performance when exposed to an electrical arc discharge. The arc rating is expressed in cal/cm2 and is derived from the determined arc thermal performance value (ATPV) or the energy of break-open threshold (EBT) (should a material system exhibit a break-open response below the ATPV value). Arc rating is reported as either the ATPV or the EBT, whichever is the lower value.
Informational Note No. 1: Arc-rated clothing or equipment indicates that it has been tested for exposure to an electric arc. Flame resistant clothing without an arc rating has not been tested for exposure to an electric arc. All arc-rated clothing is also flame-resistant.
Informational Note No. 2: Break-open is a material response evidenced by the formation of one or more holes in the innermost layer of arc-rated material that would allow flame to pass through the material.
Informational Note No. 3: ATPV is defined in ASTM F1959/F1959M, Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating of Materials for Clothing, as the incident energy (cal/cm2) on a material or a multilayer
system of materials that results in a 50-percent probability that sufficient heat transfer through the tested specimen is predicted to cause the onset of a second degree skin burn injury based on the Stoll curve.
Informational Note No. 4: EBT is defined in ASTM F1959/F1959M, Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating of Materials for Clothing, as the incident energy (cal/cm2) on a material or a material system that results in a 50-percent probability of break-open. Break-open is defined as a hole with an area of 1.6 cm2 (0.5 in2) or an opening of 2.5 cm (1.0 in.) in any dimension.
Automatic. Performing a function without the necessity of human intervention.
Barricade. A physical obstruction such as tapes, cones, or A-frame-type wood or metal structures intended to provide a warning and to limit access.
Barrier. A physical obstruction that is intended to prevent contact with equipment or energized electrical conductors and circuit parts or to prevent unauthorized access to a work area.
Boundary, Arc Flash. When an arc flash hazard exists, an approach limit at a distance from a prospective arc source within which a person could receive a second degree burn if an electrical arc flash were to occur. The minimum Arc Flash Boundary is 3 feet. Any Arc Flash Boundary identified in the incident energy analysis as being less than 3 feet must be rounded up to this minimum value. Any Arc Flash Boundary greater than 3 feet should be rounded to the next whole foot.
Informational Note: A second degree burn is possible from an exposure of unprotected skin to an electric arc flash above the incident energy level of 5 J/cm2 (1.2 cal/cm2).
Boundary, Limited Approach. An approach limit at a distance from an exposed energized electrical conductor or circuit part within which a shock hazard exists.
Boundary, Restricted Approach. An approach limit at a distance from an exposed energized electrical conductor or circuit part within which there is an increased likelihood of electric shock, due to electrical arc-over combined with inadvertent movement, for personnel working in close proximity to the energized electrical conductor or circuit part.
Cabinet. An enclosure that is designed for either surface mounting or flush mounting and is provided with a frame, mat, or trim in which a swinging door or doors are or can be hung.
Circuit Breaker. A device designed to open and close a circuit by manual
operation and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without damage to itself when properly applied within its rating.
Informational Note: The automatic opening means can be integral, direct acting with the circuit breaker, or remote from the circuit breaker.
Conductor, Bare. A conductor having no covering or electrical insulation whatsoever.
Current-Limiting Protective Device. A device that, when interrupting currents in its current-limiting range, reduces the current flowing in the faulted circuit to a magnitude substantially less than that obtainable in the same circuit if the device were replaced with a solid conductor having comparable impedance.
Deenergized. Free from any electrical connection to a source of potential difference and from electrical charge; not having a potential different from that of the earth.
Device. A unit of an electrical system, other than a conductor, that carries or controls electric energy as its principal function.
Disconnect (or Isolating) Switch. A mechanical switching device used for isolating a circuit or equipment from a source of power.
Electrical Hazard. A dangerous condition such that contact or equipment failure can result in electric shock, arc flash burn, thermal burn, or blast.
Informational Note: Class 2 power supplies, listed low voltage lighting systems, and similar sources are examples of circuits or systems that are not considered an electrical hazard.
Electrical Safety. Recognizing hazards associated with the use of electrical energy and taking precautions so that hazards do not cause injury or death.
Electrically Safe Work Condition. A state in which an electrical conductor or circuit part has been disconnected from energized parts, locked/tagged in accordance with established standards, tested to ensure the absence of voltage, and grounded if determined necessary.
Enclosure. The case or housing of apparatus, or the fence or walls surrounding an installation to prevent personnel from accidentally contacting energized electrical conductors or circuit parts or to protect the equipment from physical damage.
Energized. Electrically connected to, or being, a source of voltage.
Equipment. A general term, including fittings, devices, appliances, luminaires, apparatus, machinery, and the like, used as a part of, or in connection with, an electrical installation.
Exposed (as applied to energized electrical conductors or circuit parts).
Capable of being inadvertently touched or approached nearer than a safe distance by a person. It is applied to electrical conductors or circuit parts that are not suitably guarded, isolated, or insulated.
FESP. Facility Electrical Safety Program. The FESP is an overall program in which:
1) The facility-specific hazards are identified,
2) Tasks that require interaction or work on energized electrical equipment are identified,
3) An Incident Energy Analysis is performed at the facility,
4) Safety control strategies are developed to mitigate the potential hazards that may threaten employee interacting with or working on energized electrical equipment.
5) Hazardous Energy Work Permits (HEWPs) are utilized,
6) The documentation described above is compiled and retained to be used as a reference.
Ground. The earth, or a conductor that makes an electrical connection to the earth.
Ground Fault. An unintentional, electrically conducting connection between an ungrounded conductor of an electrical circuit and the normally non-current-carrying conductors, metallic enclosures, metallic raceways, metallic equipment, or earth.
Grounded (Grounding). Connected (connecting) to ground or to a conductive body that extends the ground connection.
Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter. A device intended for the protection of personnel that functions to deenergize a circuit or portion thereof within an established period of time when a current to ground exceeds the values established for a Class A device.
Informational Note: Class A ground-fault circuit interrupters trip when the current to ground is 6 mA or higher and do not trip when the current to ground is less than 4 mA. For further information, see ANSI/UL 943, Standard for Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters.
Grounding Conductor, Equipment. A conductor that provides a ground-fault current path and connects normally non-current-carrying metal parts of equipment together and to the system grounded conductor or to the grounding electrode conductor, or both.
Informational Note No. 1: It is recognized that the equipment grounding conductor also performs bonding.
Informational Note No. 2: See 250.118 of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, for a list of acceptable equipment grounding conductors.
Guarded. Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed, or otherwise protected by means of suitable covers, casings, barriers, rails, screens, mats, or platforms to remove the likelihood of approach or contact by persons or objects to a point of danger.
Hazard. A source of possible injury or damage to health.
Hazardous. Involving exposure to at least one hazard.
Increased Risk. An increased risk occurs when a qualified employee interacts with equipment in a manner that increases the likelihood of injury from
exposure to an arc flash incident, such as racking equipment in or out, or when opening doors or covers that expose energized conductors or circuit parts.
The risk should be evaluated based on the incident energy findings in the shock risk assessment and the arc flash risk assessments.
Incident Energy. The amount of thermal energy impressed on a surface, a certain distance from the source, generated during an electrical arc event.
Incident energy is typically expressed in calories per square centimeter (cal/cm2).
Incident Energy Analysis. A component of the Arc Flash Hazard Analysis Report used to predict the incident energy of an arc flash for a specified set of conditions.
Insulated. Separated from other conducting surfaces by a dielectric (including air space) offering a high resistance to the passage of current.
Informational Note: When an object is said to be insulated, it is understood to be insulated for the conditions to which it is normally subject. Otherwise, it is, within the purpose of these rules, uninsulated.
Interacting. Affecting or changing the state or condition, or performing work on, other than “Normal Operation” (as defined in this document, when all of the listed conditions are met). Interacting increases the risk of a potential hazard.
Labeled. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an organization that has jurisdiction and is
concerned with product evaluation, that periodically inspects the production of labeled equipment or materials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates compliance with appropriate standards or performance in a specified manner.
Motor Control Center. An assembly of one or more enclosed sections having a common power bus and principally containing motor control units.
Operational Configuration Management. A type of management performed by changing the position and status of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, etc., systems and devices.
Overcurrent. Any current in excess of the rated current of equipment or the ampacity of a conductor. It may result from overload, short circuit, or ground fault.
Informational Note: A current in excess of rating may be accommodated by certain equipment and conductors for a given set of conditions. Therefore, the rules for overcurrent protection are specific for particular situations.
Qualified Person. One who has demonstrated skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of electrical equipment and installations and has received safety training to identify and avoid the hazards involved.
Reclamation Non-Facility Personnel: Any Reclamation personnel who are not authorized employees at the facility. Examples would include the Technical Service Center, dive teams, rope teams, regional personnel, etc.
Risk. A combination of the likelihood of occurrence of injury or damage to health and the severity of injury or damage to health that results from a hazard.
Risk Assessment. A risk assessment is an overall process that identifies the hazards using the results of an Incident Energy Analysis or shock hazard analysis, estimates the potential severity of injury or damage to health, estimates the likelihood of occurrence of injury or damage to health, and determines the appropriate procedures to be followed, safety control and mitigation strategies, and what protective measures are required.
Informational Note: As used in this standard, arc flash risk assessment and shock risk assessment are types of risk assessments.
Shock Hazard. A dangerous condition associated with the possible release of energy caused by contact or approach to energized electrical conductors or circuit parts.
Switchboard. A large single panel, frame, or assembly of panels on which are mounted on the face, back, or both, switches, overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments. These assemblies are generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front and are not intended to be installed in cabinets.
Switchgear, Arc-Resistant. Equipment designed to withstand the effects of an internal arcing fault and that directs the internally released energy away from the employee.
Switchgear, Metal-Enclosed. A switchgear assembly completely enclosed on all sides and top with sheet metal (except for ventilating openings and inspection windows), containing primary power circuit switching, interrupting devices, or both, with buses and connections. This assembly may include control and auxiliary devices. Access to the interior of the enclosure is provided by doors, removable covers, or both. Metal-enclosed switchgear is available in non-arc-resistant or arc-non-arc-resistant constructions.
Unqualified Person. A person who is not a qualified person.
Voltage (of a Circuit). The greatest root-mean-square (effective) difference of potential between any two conductors of the circuit concerned.
Informational Note: Some systems, such as three-phase 4-wire, single-phase 3-wire, and 3-wire direct-current, may have various circuits of various voltages.
Voltage, Nominal. A nominal value assigned to a circuit or system for the purpose of conveniently designating its voltage class (e.g., 120/240 volts, 480Y/277 volts, 600 volts).
Informational Note No. 1: The actual voltage at which a circuit operates can vary from the nominal within a range that permits satisfactory operation of equipment.
Informational Note No. 2: See ANSI C84.1, Electric Power Systems and Equipment — Voltage Ratings (60 Hz).
Working Distance. The dimension between the possible arc point and the head and body of the worker positioned in place to perform the assigned task.
Working On (energized electrical conductors or circuit parts). Intentionally coming in contact with energized electrical conductors or circuit parts with the hands, feet, or other body parts, with tools, probes, or with test equipment, regardless of the PPE a person is wearing. There are two categories of
“working on”: Diagnostic work (testing) is taking readings or measurements of electrical equipment with approved test equipment that does not require making any physical change to the equipment; repair is any physical alteration of electrical equipment (such as making or tightening connections, removing or replacing components, etc.).
Appendix C – Training Proficiency
Sheets
Basic Electrical Safety Training Proficiency Sheet
Explain or Demonstrate Proficiency YES NO
1. Explain the consequences of violating Electrical Safety requirements.
2. Explain the relationship between exposure to potential electrical hazards and possible bodily injury.
3. Demonstrate how to identify electrical equipment.
4. Demonstrate how to identify exposed electrical equipment and components.
5. Explain what actions need to be taken before drilling into electrical panels, equipment or concrete.
6. Explain precautions to be taken when operating vehicles or working in the vicinity of overhead lines.
7. Explain the use of portable electric tools and what inspections should be performed.
8. Explain how to protect electrical cords from damage.
9. Explain why the ground terminal on a plug is important.
10. Explain why and where Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters should be used.
11. Explain the precautions that should be taken when using portable ladders.
12. Explain the precautions that should be taken when working in wet locations.
13. Explain the actions to be taken if damaged electrical equipment or devices are found.
14. Explain how to identify equipment that may have impending failure.
15. Explain what work can be performed by an unqualified worker.
Comments
Overall Grade Pass Fail
Plant Supervisor or Examiner / Title ____________________________________________
____________________________________ ____________________________________
Print Name Signature / Date
_____________________ ____________________ ____________________
Individual/Title Date Print Name Signature
Qualified Maintenance Worker ≤600 Volt Nominal Proficiency Sheet
Explain or Demonstrate Proficiency YES NO
1. Completion of Basic Electrical Safety training.
2. Define an electrically safe work condition.
3. Demonstrate the ability to follow safe work procedures and policies.
4. Demonstrate the ability to determine hazardous energy isolation boundaries.
5. Demonstrate the ability to read and understand arc flash labels.
6. Demonstrate the ability to determine proper safety requirements for arc flash in the absence of labels or an Incident Energy Analysis.
7. Utilize safe work practices for the equipment to be operated.
8. Determine appropriate PPE for the associated hazards.
8. Determine appropriate PPE for the associated hazards.